Blue Mosque: nkhani yachilendo ya kachisi wamkulu wa Istanbul

Blue Mosque ndiye mzikiti woyamba ku Istanbul, womwe ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikulu zamzindawu ndi Turkey yomwe. Yomangidwa munthawi yovuta mu Ufumu wa Ottoman, kachisiyu anali ndi kulukirana kwa masitayelo a Byzantine ndi Islamic, ndipo lero nyumbayi imadziwika kuti ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha zomangamanga zapadziko lonse lapansi. Poyamba, mzikiti unkatchedwa Sultanahmet, pambuyo pake pomwe malowo amatchedwa. Koma lero nyumbayi nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Blue Mosque, ndipo dzinali limalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi zipinda zamkati za kachisi. Mosakayikira mupeza tsatanetsatane wa kachisiyo ndi zambiri zothandiza za nkhaniyi m'nkhani yathu.

Zolemba zakale

Chiyambi cha zaka za zana la 17 chidakhala tsamba lowopsa m'mbiri ya Turkey. Atayambitsa nkhondo ziwiri nthawi imodzi, imodzi kumadzulo ndi Austria, ina kummawa ndi Persia, boma linagonjetsedwa atagonjetsedwa. Chifukwa cha nkhondo zaku Asia, ufumuwo udataya madera a Transcaucasian omwe angotengeka kumene, kuwapereka kwa Aperisi. Ndipo aku Austrian adakwaniritsa kumaliza Pangano la Mtendere la Zhitvatorok, malinga ndi zomwe udindo wakupereka msonkho kwa Ottoman udachotsedwa ku Austria. Zonsezi zidapangitsa kutsika kwaulamuliro waboma padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo makamaka kunyozetsa udindo wa wolamulira, Sultan Ahmed.

Pothedwa nzeru ndi zomwe zikuchitika pano, a padishah achichepere ataya mtima asankha kukhazikitsa nyumba yayikulu kwambiri yomwe dziko silinawonepo - Msikiti wa Sultanahmet. Kuti akwaniritse lingaliro lake, Vladyka adayitanitsa wophunzira wamisiri wotchuka wa Ottoman Mimar Sinan - womanga nyumba dzina lake Sedefkar Mehmet Agha. Pomanga nyumbayi, adasankha malo pomwe panali Nyumba Yaikulu Ya Byzantine. Nyumbayi ndi nyumba zoyandikana nazo zidawonongeka, ndipo mbali zina za mipando yowonera yomwe idatsalira ku Hippodrome idawonongedwanso. Ntchito yomanga Blue Mosque ku Turkey idayamba mu 1609 ndipo idatha mu 1616.

Tsopano ndizovuta kunena kuti ndi zolinga ziti zomwe Sultan Ahmed adatsogolera posankha kumanga mzikiti. Mwinanso, pochita izi, amafuna kuti Mulungu amuchitire chifundo. Kapenanso, mwina, amafuna kutsimikizira mphamvu zake ndikuwapangitsa anthu kuiwala za iye ngati sultan yemwe sanapambane nkhondo imodzi. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti patangotha ​​chaka chimodzi kutsegulidwa kwa kachisiyu, padishah wazaka 27 adamwalira ndi typhus.

Lero, Blue Mosque ku Istanbul, yomwe mbiri yake ya zomangamanga ndi yosamvetsetseka, ndiye kachisi wamkulu wa mzindawu, wokhala ndi mamembala okwana 10 zikwi. Kuphatikiza apo, nyumbayi yakhala imodzi mwazokopa kwambiri pakati pa alendo aku Turkey, omwe amayendera malowa osati kokha chifukwa cha kukula kwake, komanso chifukwa cha kukongola kwapadera kokongoletsa mkati mwake.

Zomangamanga ndi zokongoletsera zamkati

Popanga Blue Mosque, wamanga waku Turkey adatenga Hagia Sophia ngati chitsanzo. Kupatula apo, adakumana ndi ntchito yomanga kachisi, wamkulu komanso wamkulu kuposa nyumba zonse zomwe zidalipo panthawiyo. Chifukwa chake, pakupanga kwa mzikiti lero titha kuwona bwino kulumikizana kwa masukulu awiri omanga - mafashoni a Byzantium ndi Ottoman Empire.

Pakumanga kwa nyumbayo, ndimitundu yama marble ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali yokha yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito. Maziko a mzikiti ndi maziko amakona anayi okhala ndi malo opitilira 4600 m². Pakatikati pake pali holo yayikulu yopempherera yomwe ili ndi malo a 2,700 m it, ndipo ili ndi dome lalikulu lokhala ndi 23.5 m, yomwe ili pamtunda wa mamita 43. M'malo mwa standard four, ma minaret asanu ndi limodzi adayikidwamo mkachisi, iliyonse imakongoletsa makonde a 2-3. Mkati, Blue Mosque imayatsidwa bwino ndi mawindo ake 260, 28 mwa iwo omwe ali pachimake chachikulu. Mawindo ambiri amakongoletsedwa ndi magalasi othimbirira.

Mkati mwa nyumbayi mumayang'aniridwa ndi matailosi a Iznik: alipo opitilira 20 zikwi. Mithunzi yayikulu yamatayilowa inali yoyera komanso yamtambo, chifukwa chomwe mzikiti udapeza dzina lachiwiri. Pazokongoletsa matayala omwewo, mutha kuwona makamaka kubzala maluwa, zipatso ndi ma cypress.

Dome lalikulu ndi makoma zimakongoletsedwa ndi zolembedwa zaku Arabiya. Pakatikati pali chandelier yayikulu yokhala ndi nyali zambirimbiri, zitsamba zamaluwa zomwe zimatambasuliranso mozungulira chipinda chonse. Makalapeti akale mumzikiti adasinthidwa ndi atsopano, ndipo mtundu wawo umayang'aniridwa ndi mithunzi yofiira yokhala ndi zokongoletsa zabuluu.

Zonsezi, kachisiyu ali ndi zitseko zisanu ndi chimodzi zolowera, koma chachikulu, chomwe alendo amadutsamo, chili kumbali ya Hippodrome. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chipembedzochi ku Turkey sichimangokhala mzikiti, komanso madrassas, khitchini ndi mabungwe othandizira. Ndipo lero, chithunzi chimodzi chokha cha Blue Mosque ku Istanbul chimatha kuyambitsa malingaliro, koma kwenikweni kapangidwe kameneka kamadabwitsa ngakhale malingaliro omwe sadziwa luso la zomangamanga.

Pezani Mitengo kapena sungani malo alionse ogwiritsira ntchito fomu iyi

Malamulo amakhalidwe

Mukamapita ku mzikiti ku Turkey, malamulo achikhalidwe angapo ayenera kutsatira:

1. Amayi amangololedwa kulowa mitu ataphimbidwa. Manja ndi mapazi ayeneranso kubisika kuti musayang'anenso. Iwo omwe amabwera mu mawonekedwe osayenera amapatsidwa zovala zapadera pakhomo la kachisi.
2. Amuna ayeneranso kutsatira kavalidwe kena kake. Makamaka, saloledwa kuyendera mzikiti mumabudula ndi ma T-shirts.
3. Mukamalowa mu Mosque Wabuluu ku Istanbul, muyenera kuvula nsapato zanu: mutha kusiya nsapato zanu pakhomo kapena kupita nazo poziyika m'thumba lanu.
4. Alendo amaloledwa kupita kumzikiti kokha m'mphepete mwa nyumbayo; opembedza okha ndi omwe amalowa pakatikati pa holo.
5. Ndizoletsedwa kupita kumbuyo kwa mipanda mchipinda, kuyankhula mokweza, kuseka, komanso kusokoneza okhulupirira kupemphera.
6. Alendo amaloledwa kukaona mzikiti ku Turkey pakati pa mapemphero.

Zolemba: Maulendo 10 abwino kwambiri ku Istanbul - omwe amawongolera kukayenda nawo.

Momwe mungafikire kumeneko

Pali njira zingapo zopezera kukopa kwa Istanbul ku Turkey. Zowongoka kwambiri ndi taxi, yomwe ilipo yambiri m'maboma amzindawu. Mtengo wa okwera okwera ndi 4 TL, ndipo pa kilomita iliyonse muyenera kulipira 2.5 TL. Ndikosavuta kuwerengera mtengo waulendowu podziwa mtunda kuchokera pomwe mumayambira kupita pachinthucho.

Kuchokera m'maboma apakati a Istanbul, mutha kupita ku Sultanahmet Square, komwe kuli Mosque wa Blue, ndi tram. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza sitima yamagalimoto ya T1 Kabataş - Bağcılar ndikutsika pa Sultanahmet stop. Ntchito yomanga kachisiyu idzangokhala ma mita angapo.

Mutha kufika ku mzikiti kuchokera kudera la Besiktas ndi basi yamzinda TB1, kutsatira njira ya Sultanahmet-Dolmabahçe. Palinso basi ya TB2 yochokera m'boma la Uskudar kulowera ku Sultanahmet - Çamlıca.

Werengani komanso: Makhalidwe a metro ya Istanbul - momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, chiwembu ndi mitengo.

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Zambiri zothandiza

• Adilesiyi: Sultan Ahmet Mahallesi, Atmeydanı Cd. Ayi: 7, 34122 Fatih / İstanbul.
• Maola otsegulira Blue Mosque ku Istanbul: 08:30 mpaka 11:30, 13:00 mpaka 14:30, 15:30 mpaka 16:45. Lachisanu lotseguka kuyambira 13:30.
• Mtengo woyendera: ndiufulu.
• Webusayiti: www.kadzera.com

Malangizo Othandiza

Ngati mukukonzekera kuyang'ana ku Mosque wa Buluu mumzinda wa Istanbul ku Turkey, tikukulangizani kuti muthane ndi mndandanda wazomwe tapereka, zomwe zatengera malingaliro aomwe akuyendera kale malowa:

1. Lachisanu, mzikiti umatsegulidwa pambuyo pake, zomwe zimapangitsa khamu lalikulu la alendo pakhomo. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kupita kukachisi tsiku lina. Koma izi sizikukutsimikizirani kuti kulibe mizere. Momwemo, muyenera kupita kunyumbayi pofika 08: 00 - theka la ola musanatsegule.
2. Kujambula zithunzi mu Blue Mosque sikuletsedwa, koma simuyenera kujambula zithunzi za opembedza.
3. Pakadali pano (yophukira 2018), ntchito yobwezeretsa ikuchitika mnyumbayi ku Turkey, yomwe, mwina, ingawononge mawonekedwe ake. Chifukwa chake konzekerani ulendo wanu wopita ku Istanbul ndikudziwa izi.
4. Ngakhale azimayi amapatsidwa masiketi ataliatali ndi nsalu kumutu pakhomo, tikupangira kuti mubweretse katundu wanu. Choyamba, zovala zimaperekedwa kwakanthawi, ndipo chachiwiri, mizere yayitali imakonda kudziunjikira pomwe imatuluka.
5. Mwambiri, simufunikanso ola limodzi kuti mufufuze za kachisi.

Zosangalatsa

Zambiri zosangalatsa za Msikiti Wabuluu waku Istanbul zimatsegula zophimba ndikutilola kuti tiwone mbiri yaku Turkey mwanjira ina. Tasankha omwe akufuna kudziwa zambiri za iwo:

1. Popeza Sultan Ahmed sakanakhoza kupambana nkhondo yayikulu iliyonse ndikupambana zikho, boma lazachuma silinali lokonzeka kwathunthu pomanga nyumba yayikulu ngati Sultanahmet Mosque. Chifukwa chake, padishah amayenera kupereka ndalama kuchokera kosungira chuma chake.

2. Panthawi yomanga mzikiti, a Sultan adalamula kuti mafakitale a Iznik apereke matayala aluso kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, adawaletsa kuti asagwiritse ntchito zina zomanga ndi matailosi, chifukwa chake mafakitare adawonongeka kwambiri ndikuchepetsa matayala omwe amapangidwa.
3. Pambuyo pomanga Msikiti Wabuluu ku Turkey, chipwirikiti chenicheni chidayamba. Kunapezeka kuti kachisiyo, malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa minaret, adayandikira kachisi wachisilamu wa Masjid Al-Haram ku Mecca, womwe panthawiyo unali gawo la Ufumu wa Ottoman. Padishah adathetsa vutoli popereka ndalama zowonjezera mulingo wachisanu ndi chiwiri kumzikiti wa al-Haram.
4. Mazira a nthiwatiwa amatha kuwonekera pa nyali zomwe zili mnyumbayi, zomwe ndi njira yothanirana ndi nthangala. Malinga ndi nthano ina, kangaudeyu adapulumutsa mneneri Mohammed ndipo kuphedwa kwa kachiromboka kumawonedwa ngati tchimo. Pofuna kuchotsa akangaude mwanjira yaumunthu, Asilamu adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito mazira a nthiwatiwa, omwe fungo lawo limatha kuthamangitsa tizilombo kwazaka zambiri.
5. Chosangalatsa china chokhudza Blue Mosque chimalumikizidwa ndi Papa Benedict XVI. Mu 2006, kokha kwachiwiri m'mbiri ya Tchalitchi cha Katolika, Papa adayendera kachisi wachisilamu. Kutsatira miyambo yolandilidwayo, papa adavula nsapato asanalowe mkachisi, ndipo pambuyo pake adakhala kwakanthawi akusinkhasinkha pafupi ndi mufti wamkulu waku Istanbul.

Kutulutsa

Mzikiti wa Blue ku Turkey ndiyokopa kwambiri ku Istanbul. Tsopano popeza mukudziwa mbiri yake komanso kukongoletsa kwake, ulendo wanu wopita kukachisiyu uzikhala wosangalatsa. Ndipo kuti bungwe lake likhale pamlingo wapamwamba, onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitso ndi malingaliro athu.

Onerani kanemayo: Sultan Ahmed Mosque Istanbul - history urdu. The Blue Mosque history urdu (June 2024).