Makhalidwe a makabati otuluka laminar, mawonekedwe mwachidule

Kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - gawo limodzi la ma labotale, zamankhwala, zasayansi, malo ofufuzira. Kukhazikitsa monga kabati yoyendera laminar ndikofunikira kuti mupeze malo ovomerezeka mukamagwira ntchito ndi chilengedwe, nanotechnological, mankhwala ndi zinthu zina zofufuzidwa. Chifukwa chakudutsa koumirizidwa kwa mpweya, ma prototypes amasefera kwathunthu ndikusalowererapo asanakumane ndi chilengedwe.

Kusankhidwa

Laminar otaya makabati a m'gulu la zida zamipando yapadera yokhala ndi mitundu ingapo yazogwiritsa ntchito. Chogwiritsira ntchito kutsika kwa mpweya ndikofunikira kwa mabungwe azachipatala, makampani azachipatala, madipatimenti ofufuza m'mabungwe apadera, mabungwe, malo a labotale a mabizinesi omwe ntchito zawo zimagwirizana kwambiri ndikuphunzira za tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zitsanzo za tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, zoyeserera ndi zoyesera. Cholinga cha zinthuzi ndi izi:

• diagnostics (polymerase unyolo anachita);
• kuphunzira, kuyesa zitsanzo, zitsanzo m'malo ophera tizilombo;
• kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwala akutetezedwa ku zodetsa;
• chitetezo chodalirika cha woyang'anira (ogwira ntchito) kwa othandizira;
• kulimba kwa UV kwapakatikati pakatikati pa chipinda chogwirira ntchito;
• kukonzekera malo osabereka kuti akwaniritse zoyeserera;
• gwirani ntchito ndi zikhalidwe za bakiteriya, ma virus a matenda osiyanasiyana;
• Kudzipatula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomera, bioagents.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makabati otsegulira laminar, mabokosi, malo ogona kumakupatsani mwayi wokonza ukhondo wofunikira kuti muteteze ogwira ntchito labotale ku zovuta za microflora, kuti muchepetse kulumikizana kwa zinthu zofufuzira ndi chilengedwe chakunja. Zipangizo zonse zamtundu wa laminar zimagawidwa m'makalasi. Mkati mwa gulu limodzi ndi mtundu, ntchito za mtunduwo zimasiyanasiyana - mabokosi ena amapangidwira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pazofufuzirako, zina zoteteza ma antimicrobial oteteza, ndi zina zowonongera mpweya mchipindacho.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito

Mitundu

Zipangizo zoyesera zimayimilidwa ndi mitundu ingapo yazinthu. Mitundu yonse yazitsanzo zimadalira momwe zinthu zilili, mawonekedwe a kafukufuku. Kutengera ntchito, magwiridwe achitetezo, okhala ndi zinthu zapadera, makabati oyenda mozungulira amagawika m'magulu angapo:

• zipangizo zokhala ndi mpweya wokhazikika komanso kuyenda kopingasa. Nthawi ya jekeseni yowongoka idagwira ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa sakonda kupanga madera osokonekera mkati mwa malo ogwira ntchito;
• mwa kapangidwe kake, ma laminar flow makabati a disinfection amagawika m'mitundu yokhala ndi mbali ndi zowongoka, yokhala ndi malo amodzi kapena awiri ogwira ntchito, okhala ndi zoyimilira komanso zoyenda, zokhala ndi zosefera, ma compressor;
• malo okhala ndi laminar - amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mpweya wabwino, wosabala. Onetsetsani kuti chitetezo chazofufuza zokha, koma sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ogwira ntchito labotale ndi chilengedwe;
• mabokosi achitetezo - makabati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatula tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pantchito. Zipangizozi nthawi imodzi zimaphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chilengedwe, komanso kuteteza ogwira ntchito.

Kuti mugwiritse ntchito, ma laminar flow hoods amadziwika kuti ndi azachipatala komanso mitundu yazachilengedwe. Zokwanira zonse zimatengera momwe zida zikugwirira ntchito. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ili ndi zida zowongolera mayendedwe, nyali, kuyatsa kwa ultraviolet. Ntchito yayikulu ndikupanga zofunikira pakufufuza pazitsanzo.

Fyuluta ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakina otengera laminar. Maluso ndi magwiridwe antchito amachitidwe owerengera amawerengedwa pamapangidwe ndikupanga gulu lachitetezo m'bokosilo.

Pogona

Safety bokosi

Ofukula mpweya kumaliseche

Gawani m'magulu

Posankha makabati a labotale, m'pofunika kuganizira momwe zida zogwiritsira ntchito mipando zidzagwiritsidwire ntchito, zomwe othandizira amafunika kufufuzidwa. Padziko lonse lapansi ndi machitidwe apanyumba, pali kusiyana kwamagawidwe amakabati oyenda mozungulira malinga ndi miyezo yaku America, Europe, Japan, Australia. Makabati oteteza zachilengedwe amagawika m'magulu atatu:

• Zida zoyamba kalasi zimathandizira chitetezo cha omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chomera ndi chilengedwe kuti zisawonongeke (kuphatikiza, kuphatikiza, kuphatikiza) mkati mchipinda;
• laminar flow cabinet yachiwiri - bokosi la mulingo wapamwamba wachitetezo, wokhala ndi zosefera za HEPA. Kalasiyi ili ndi mitundu inayi yamakabati okhala ndi chitetezo chowonjezera cha zitsanzo zoyesa;
• mipando yolumikizira zida zam'kalasi lachitatu - mitundu yomwe imapereka chitetezo chokwanira komanso chitetezo cha zomwe zafufuzidwa, chilengedwe, woyendetsa.

M'magulu azinyumba ndi akunja, makabati otengera laminar a kalasi lomwelo ali ndi mapangidwe ena. Kusiyanasiyana ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi kumabweretsa kufunikira kwamagulu owonjezera a zida zasayansi m'mabokosi obisalamo ndi mabokosi achitetezo am'magulu atatu amitundu.Makabati Laminar a kalasi yoyamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oopsa, wachiwiri - wokhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, radionuclides, cytostatics, poizoni zinthu zamankhwala, lachitatu - ndi ma virus, mabakiteriya omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri.

Zida zopangira

Kupanga kwa mabokosi kumayendetsedwa ndi GOST ndi SanPin, mtundu wonsewo wachitsanzo umadalira zolemba za kapangidwe ka chomera cha wopanga, mulingo wa chitetezo, ntchito za zida za microbiological. Malinga ndi projekiti yapayokha, zida zimatha kukhala ndi zinthu zowonjezera. Zipangizo zazikulu ndi magawo a bokosi lachitetezo chachilengedwe:

• malo ogwiritsira ntchito mipando ya labotale amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri - zosapanga dzimbiri;
• mapanelo ammbali, khoma lakumaso limapangidwa ndi magalasi omata, omwe makulidwe ake amatengera mtundu wa mawonekedwe amapangidwe;
• casing lakunja limapangidwa ndi chitsulo chozizira chozizira, epoxy kapena ufa wokutidwa;
• zida zopangira - Fyuluta ya HEPA (kukula kwa tinthu kumasiyana), kayendedwe kabwino ka kayendedwe kake;
• kuwongolera - microprocessor system, kuwonetsera kwa LCD, malo owongolera, nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito nyali;
• chitetezo - makina otetezera magalimoto, zotchinga, ma alarm omveka, zotsekemera;
• Kuwonetseratu - nyali za fulorosenti, nyali za ultraviolet, ziwonetsero zamadzimadzi zowonetsera.

Laminar biosafety cabinet ili ndi madigiri angapo otetezedwa - kuchepa kwa mpweya, kuipitsa kwa zosefera zogwirira ntchito, kutsekedwa kwa galasi lakumaso, kuphwanya chitetezo chazachilengedwe m'bokosilo, zodziwikiratu pakagwa ma voltage, ma alamu pomwe kuthamanga kwa kutsika kwa mpweya kumatsika. Mapulogalamu owongolera pakompyuta amapereka ziwonetsero za magwiridwe antchito pazithunzi zowonekera, kusungidwa kwa mtundu wamtundu wina.

Zokwanira zonse ndi zida zopangira zimadalira mtundu wa mtunduwo, zolembedwa zamakampani opanga, chifukwa chake pamitundu yosiyanasiyana nkhonya zimasiyana, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa zida zowonjezera.

Ntchito mbali

Zipangizo zasayansi zofufuzira za microbiological zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamalitsa molingana ndi ukhondo wokhazikika. Popeza opanga osiyanasiyana akugwira ntchito yopanga ndi kupanga mabokosi, ndikuyika zida ngati makabati oyenda bwino kuti atetezeke, ndikofunikira kuzindikira mabokosiwo kuti tipewe kugwiritsa ntchito zida molakwika. Ntchito ntchito:

• malo ogona ali oyenera kupanga chilengedwe cha antibacterial popanda kuteteza antchito, mkati mwa labotale;
• mukamagwira ntchito ndi microflora ya pathogenic, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida za gulu lachiwiri;
• pochita kafukufuku wothandizila owopsa (ma virus, mabakiteriya), mabokosi am'magulu atatu okhala ndi kudzipatula kwathunthu amagwiritsidwa ntchito;
• musanagwire ntchito, zinthu zofunika zimayikidwa mukamera kumbuyo kwa galasi lakumaso, magolovesi amaikidwa;
• sitepe yotsatira ndikuchotsa mankhwala pamalo antchito, makoma amkati, kuyatsa bokosi, kuyamba kafukufuku;
• woyendetsa ntchito ayenera kukhala kutali ndi chipinda, ma grilles olowera mpweya sayenera kutsekedwa, matumba azinyalala amayikidwa pakati pa kabati.

Chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatsimikizira kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito chida china ndi mulingo wa ukhondo mchipinda, kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo cha wothandizila, kufunika koteteza mankhwalawo kuti asadetsedwe, komanso mwayi wopanga ma aerosols. Nduna ya Laminar imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zamankhwala, zamankhwala, zamankhwala, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kapangidwe ka zida, makampani opanga mankhwala. Kusankha kumatsimikizira cholinga, kapangidwe, kalasi, magwiridwe antchito, kukula kwake kwa malonda.