Bedi lamaluwa kunyumba: cyclamen yazimiririka, chochita chotsatira?
Kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Africa, Iran, Mediterranean komanso ngakhale kuthengo, chomera monga cyclamen chimapezeka. Cyclamen ndiosangalatsa komanso yokongola, pali mitundu yoposa 20 ya maluwa okongola awa.
Ndipo ndizosangalatsa kuti imatha kupezeka pazenera la nyumba, zomwe zimakonda kuchitika, komanso kuthengo. Kupatula apo, si maluwa onse omwe amapatsidwa kuti azolowere mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yabwino maluwawo. Tikuuzani za mawonekedwe a cyclomen ndi chisamaliro chake m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi chomera ichi ndi chiyani?
CHENJEZO: Chomera cha cyclamen ndi cha mtundu wa zitsamba zosatha za banja la Mirsin, koma asayansi ena amakhulupirira kuti zachokera kubanja la Primroses. Dzina la chomeracho limachokera muzu Wachilatini, kutanthauza "kuzungulira", monga mawonekedwe a cyclamen tubers.
Cyclamen si chomera chokongola chokha, komanso ndi mankhwala, chifukwa madzi osungunuka a cyclamen amathandizira kuchiza sinusitis, koma wina ayenera kusamala kuti asatenthe nembanemba (za mankhwala ndi phindu la cyclamen, kapangidwe ka mankhwala, komanso zotsutsana ndi kagwiritsidwe kake, werengani apa).
Olima maluwa ambiri amakayikira ngati angabzale duwa lapaderali, chifukwa pali lingaliro loti ndilabwino kwambiri. Osakhulupirira kuti zonse sizowona cyclamen wokongola ndi wodzichepetsa, amakonda kuzizira komanso mthunzi pang'ono... Iye, monga chomera chilichonse, ali ndi zofunikira zina, ngati muzikwaniritsa, adzakusangalatsani koposa chaka chimodzi.
Musanadziwe cyclamen bwino, ndibwino kuti muwerenge zambiri za izo kuti mudziwe pasadakhale za zomwe zimafunikira komanso zosowa zake, kuti musavulaze maluwa mtsogolomo komanso kuti asadzafe.
Kodi pachimake chimachitika liti komanso motalika motani?
Kodi maluwa amkati amamasula liti ndipo kangati? Ngati yasamalidwa bwino ndi cyclamen, iphulika kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mosalekeza.... Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kuyambira nthawi yophukira mpaka masika, nthawi yonse yamaluwa mbewu imodzi imakhala ndi maluwa pafupifupi 60-70.
Maluwa a cyclamen ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu, kuyambira yoyera mpaka matalala, pinki, burgundy. Masamba a maluwawo ndi owoneka bwino pamtima ndipo amatengedwa mu muzu rosette.
Imatha kuphuka chaka chonse osapita kutchuthi, kapena ikhoza kukusangalatsani kwa miyezi ingapo. Amamasula kwambiri kuyambira Novembala mpaka Marichi., pambuyo pake amapita kutchuthi kuti akapeze mphamvu - maluwa atsopano.
Chomerachi chiyenera kusamalidwa moyenera kuti chiphulike kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa ndichisamaliro choyenera chomwe chimalimbikitsa maluwa.
Mawonekedwe:
Chodziwika bwino komanso kupindulitsa kwa cyclamen ndi maluwa ake ataliatali, omwe amakhalanso othandiza kwambiri. Nthawi yamaluwa, imakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri.
Kunyumba, duwa limakhala lokoma ngati lili pamalo oyenera ndikusamalidwa bwino., adzakuthokozani ndi maluwa ake kwa nthawi yayitali. M'malo mwake, chomeracho ndichodzichepetsa, chokongola, chamankhwala, chomwe chimayenera kuthandizidwa moyenera.
CHOFUNIKA: Maluwa a cyclamen amatha kukhala osalala komanso osakhwima, kapena amatha kukhala velvety, ang'ono ndi akulu kwambiri, zimatengera mtundu wa cyclamen, ndipo pali ambiri.
Momwe mungasamalire?
Kuti chomera chiphulike ndikusangalatsa diso, muyenera kudziwa momwe mungasamalire bwino. Choyamba, duwa liyenera kutetezedwa ku ma drafti.... Ngati mwasankha kuyika pazenera, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti zenera lisatsegule pamenepo. Koma chodabwitsa, imakula modabwitsa m'chipinda chozizira, momwe mumangokhala madigiri a 10-12.
Cyclamen imafuna kuunika, koma kuwunika dzuwa kumamuvulaza.
Tidakambirana zambiri zazinsinsi zosamalira cyclamen kunyumba munkhaniyi.
Tizirombo
Musaiwale kuti maluwa amakhalanso ndi tizirombo. Cyclamen samakonda kugwidwa ndi tizirombo ndi tiziromboti, koma cyclamen mite imatha kupatsira mbewu. Ma peduncles opindika, masamba opindika, masamba opotoka adzakhala chizindikiro chogonjetsedwa. Pofuna kupewa kutuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, popewera, chomeracho chiyenera kupopera mankhwala ndikukonzekera mwapadera motsutsana ndi tizirombo, kamodzi pamwezi.
Kuthirira
Thirirani chomeracho mu thireyi, simungathe kuthirira mbewu kuchokera pamwamba, apo ayi ma tubers atha kuyamba kuwola. Ndikofunika kugawira chinyezi mofanana kuti kusefukira kusachitike kapena, m'malo mwake, sikuumitsa dothi ladothi.
Cyclamen iyenera kudyetsedwa nthawi zonse, kupatula nthawi yonseyi. Zovala zapamwamba ziyenera kuyambika milungu ingapo mutagula chomeracho. Ngati mwakula nokha cyclamen, muyenera kuyamba kudyetsa sabata imodzi zitamera.
Musanadye, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mtanda wadzaza mokwanira ndi madzi. Manyowa ovuta amchere amayenera kudyetsa.
Tumizani
Kuika kolondola kumakhudzanso maluwa.... Ndikofunika kuyika cyclamen mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawononge mizu. Chomeracho chiyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe chotsika koma chachikulu.
MFUNDO: Mpaka pomwe mizu yazika mizu, musamamwe madzi nthawi zambiri, kenako pang'onopang'ono onjezani chinyezi.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupanga mizere ya cyclamen. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mpweya wokhala ndi pearable coatse peat. Kuti pakhale nthaka yabwino kwambiri, pamafunika magawo ofanana a mchenga, humus ndi peat, komanso magawo atatu a dothi lamasamba. Pofuna kuti asaike pachiwopsezo, dothi la cyclamen lingagulidwe pamalo ogulitsa maluwa.
Kuika kumayenera kuchitika mchilimwe, pomwe chomeracho sichikukula.... Kuti kumuika kuyende bwino, tsatirani malamulo awa:
- musanadzalemo pansi pa mphikawo, muyenera kuthira dothi lokwanira, kenako onjezani nthaka yokonzedwa bwino, kuti muikemo chomeracho ndikuwaza pambali ndi chisakanizo chadothi;
- mutabzala, gawo lachitatu lakumera kwa mbeu liyenera kukhala pamwamba panthaka;
- mutabzala, mbewuyo iyenera kuthiriridwa pakatha masiku 10-12;
- Mukamaliza kumuika, kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, masamba atayamba kuphuka, duwa liyenera kukonzedweratu pamalo ozizira koma dzuwa.
Onerani kanema wonena za kusintha kolondola kwa cyclomen:
Kubereka
Ndi msinkhu, chomeracho chimakula, maluwawo amakhala ocheperako. Kuti chomeracho chisataye kukula kwake kwa maluwa, ziyenera kufalikira.
Kulima m'nyumba kwa cyclamen kumatha zaka 7... Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, cyclamen siyoyeneranso kuberekanso, chifukwa chake muyenera kugula yatsopano. Babu sangatayidwe kutali, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ku sinusitis.
Kubereketsa cyclamen ndi bizinesi yovuta. Pazogulitsa zamakampani, zimafalikira pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu. Mutha kuchita izi nokha pogawa tuber. Koma popeza iyi ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri, njira yosavuta ndikubereka kwa tuber. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kungolekanitsira tuber wachichepere kuchokera kwa mayi ndikubzala mu chidebe china.
Njira zina zonse zofalitsira cyclamen, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu, sizothandiza.
Zolemba munthawi yopuma
Cyclamen yafota choti muchite kenako ndi momwe mungasamalire itatha maluwa? Pambuyo maluwa (kumapeto kwa masika), cyclamen imayamba nthawi yayitali... Pali njira zingapo zosungira chomera panthawiyi.
CHENJEZO: Masamba akangoyamba kusanduka achikaso, kuthirira kumachepa, osalola kuti chikomokere chadothi chiume. Poto wokhala ndi tuber imayikidwa pamalo ozizira, ozizira.
Njira ina yosamalirira kunyumba kuti musunge tubers: maluwa, kuthirira kumachepa, ndipo masamba onse akagwa, mphika wokhala ndi chomeracho umaikidwa mbali yake. Mizu siimafa ndipo, kuti isamaumitse nthaka, cyclamen nthawi zina imathiriridwa.
Cyclamen ikapuma, babu yake siyingasungidwe mufiriji.... Kupanda kutero, atatha ena onse, sangadzuke. Kuti cyclamen ibwererenso ku "tchuthi" chake, muyenera kungoyiyika pamalo amdima, monga khonde, chapansi, kapena kungoyiyika pansi pa bafa.
Pakugona, kuthirira mbewuyo kumalangizidwa osapitilira kamodzi m'masabata awiri. Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi ofunda ndi ma phytohormones, osafikira maluwa, masamba ndi mababu.
Onerani kanema wonena za kusamalira ma cyclamens nthawi yonseyi:
Matenda
Ngati masamba anu a cyclamen amasanduka achikaso ndipo maluwa ake amakhalabe olimba komanso athanzi, ndiye kuti muli ndi mpweya wowuma komanso wofunda wamkati. Muyenera kutsegula chipinda nthawi zonse momwe mungathere maluwa anu.
Ngati cyclamen yanu iyamba kuvunda, itha kukhala ndi nthaka yodzaza madzi... Izi ndizowopsa ndipo chomeracho chitha kufa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuwunika chomeracho ndikuchiwothira moyenera kuti chisafe chifukwa cholakwitsa kwanu.
Ngati chomeracho chikuwoneka chowawitsa, ndiye kuti cyclamen yanu yagunda cyclamen mite ndipo muyenera kuyamba kulimbana nayo posachedwa.
Yesetsani kusefukira chomeracho kuti chisayambe kuvunda, mukamwetsa, musafike pamasamba ndi maluwa, ndibwino kuthirira cyclamen kupyola pogona.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa mu chomera zitha kukhala chisamaliro chosayenera... Ngati mwaphwanya malamulo osamalira cyclamen, ndiye kuti ali ndi mwayi wambiri wotenga kachilombo ka cyclamen kapena tiziromboti tina. Pofuna kupewa izi, muyenera kutsatira malamulowa:
- osayika pamalo otentha kwambiri;
- chomeracho chidabzalidwa mumphika waukulu;
- chomeracho sichinkathiriridwa kudzera poto, koma molunjika pa tuber;
- chomeracho sichidapatsidwa chakudya kwa nthawi yayitali kapena feteleza anali ndi nayitrogeni wambiri.
Mapeto
Lamulo lalikulu ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malingaliro a akatswiri odziwa zamaluwa mukamabzala ndi kusamalira chomera. Mukapatsa cyclamen kanthawi pang'ono ndikusamalira, ikuthokozani ndi maluwa ake okongola komanso ochuluka. Maluwa a cyclamen, osakhwima kwambiri, achilendo komanso owoneka bwino. Cyclamen, wokula panyumba mosamala ndi chisamaliro, amatha kupanga chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo mnyumba.
Timafunikira makamaka malingaliro abwino m'nyengo yophukira-nthawi yachisanu, pomwe kuli masiku ochepa dzuwa. Pakadali pano, mitundu yambiri ya cyclamen ili pachimake, yomwe imawasiyanitsa ndi mbewu zina. Chifukwa cha maluwa oterewa, titha kusilira mbewu zina zowala nthawi yotentha, ndipo nthawi yozizira yophukira komanso yozizira, timasangalala ndi maluwa okongola a cyclamen.