Zothandiza kukongoletsa nyumba - onunkhira pelargonium

Ena okonda maluwa amnyumba amasokoneza mayina a pelargonium onunkhira ndi geranium onunkhira ndipo amatcha pelargonium geranium. Asanatulukire gulu la Carl Linnaeus, panali mikangano yambiri yokhudza kutchula molondola mbewu ziwiri izi komanso ngati zingaganiziridwe kuti ndizogwirizana. M'malo mwake, chifukwa cha wasayansi wamkulu, inde: zatsimikizika kuti onse ndi am'banja la geranium.

Pali zofananira zina mu pistil, masamba, zimayambira, chisamaliro ndi kukonza, komanso mtundu wa fungo la zomerazi. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kuwoloka pakati pawo ndikosatheka pazifukwa zingapo. Munkhaniyi tikukuwuzani zamtundu wa pelargonium onunkhira.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical, mbiri yakuyambira, mtengo

Pelargonium adabweretsedwa ku Europe kuchokera ku South Africa ndi amalonda oyamba ochokera ku Old World, atakhudzidwa ndi maluwa ake obiriwira komanso fungo labwino kwambiri. Chomeracho chidatha kusintha nyengo yomwe idapezekamo, ndipo mitundu ina idazolowera kukhala kuthengo nyengo yozizira kwambiri yaku Russia.

Dzina la botolo la duwa - Pelargonium tombolens... Ndi chomera chosatha cha herbaceous kapena semi-shrub chokhala ndi mizu yotukuka. Zimayambira ndi nthambi, zowongoka kapena zokwawa. Masambawo ndi obwerekedwa ndi kanjedza, obiriwira wobiriwira, okutidwa ndi villi, omwe, akawakhudza, amatulutsa fungo lapadera lofanana ndi fungo la mandimu, ginger, singano za paini, duwa, timbewu tonunkhira, pichesi, mtedza, apulo, karoti. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, opanda fungo, amitundu yosiyanasiyana, amasonkhanitsidwa m'ma inflorescence ooneka ngati maambulera. Amamasula kawirikawiri.

CHENJEZO: Chomeracho chili ponseponse, mutha kugula pelargonium onunkhira mopanda mtengo m'sitolo yamaluwa komanso m'misewu yamisewu. Mtengowo umakwera kwambiri kuposa ma ruble 250 pachitsamba chazing'ono.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Pakadali pano, pafupifupi mitundu 400 ya pelargonium yapangidwa, pomwe yokometsera ili ndi mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:

1. chitsamba - chotsika komanso chobiriwira;
2. ampelous - wokhala ndi mphukira zazitali.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya pelargonium yonunkhira:

• mandimu (Mabel Grey) - Pelargonium wokhala ndi fungo la mandimu la masamba ndi maluwa a pinki ndi mithunzi yofiirira;
• apulo (Apple Cider) - compact pelargonium yokhala ndi maluwa ochepa kwambiri, otoleredwa mu "maambulera";
• ndi fungo la duwa (Lady Plymouth) - chomera chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira okhala ndi malire oyera ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera;
• ndi kafungo ka caramel ndikutuluka (Candy Dancer) - maluwa ake ndi ochepa, pinki wowala ndi cheza chamdima kapena yoyera ndi utoto;
• ndi pichesi ndi fungo labwino (Mons Ninon) - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pelargonium ya kalasi ya Unicum, maluwa ofiira-lalanje okhala ndi mitsempha ya burgundy, imamveka bwino m'munda kuposa m'nyumba;
• ndi fungo la timbewu tonunkhira (Pungent Peppermint) - zosiyanasiyana ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono obiriwira, okulira kunyumba ndi m'munda;
• ndi fungo lotentha kapena lotsekemera (Pinki Champagne) - pelargonium wokhala ndi masamba ozungulira komanso maluwa ofiira ofiira;
• ndi fungo la chowawa kapena nutmeg (Fragrans Variegated) - ali ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera ndi masamba ofewa okhala ndi zopindika;
• ndi fungo lonunkhira-timbewu tonunkhira (Filicifolium) - masamba adadulidwa mwamphamvu, osakhwima, omata, maluwa ang'onoang'ono, oyera ndi cheza chofiirira.

Chithunzi

Onani zithunzi zina zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pelargonium onunkhira.

Kuchiritsa katundu

Maluwawa ali ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yopindulitsa. Masamba a Pelargonium ali ndi:

• zidulo zamagulu;
• mafuta ofunikira;
• zikopa;
• glycosides;
• chingamu;
• wowuma;
• zonunkhira;
• ziphuphu;
• ziphuphu;
• utomoni;
• zikopa;
• calcium;
• ziphuphu;
• saponins.

Pelargonium wakhala akudziwika kale chifukwa chokhoza kukhazika mtima pansi. M'nyumba momwe tchire lonunkhirali limakhala, mikangano imangobwera kawirikawiri. Muofesi, pelargonium imathandizira kukhalabe olimba.

Masamba a Pelargonium ali ndi bactericidal, analgesic, antispasmodic, absorbable, decongestant, emollient, immunomodulating, hemostatic ndi machiritso a zilonda, amathandizira mutu komanso mphuno. Madzi a masamba onunkhira a Pelargonium atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira otitis media pamutu.

Mafuta onunkhira a Pelargonium amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa, matenda ashuga, kusabereka, komanso zizindikiritso za PMS. Ndikokwanira kuponya madontho pang'ono mu mphika wa nyali ya fungo ndikuyatsa kandulo, mwina posambira, kapena kusakaniza 7 g wa mafuta a Pelargonium ndi 30 g wamafuta oyambira ndi kutikita minofu.

Fungo la pelargonium onunkhira lili ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo: zadziwika kuti ngati duwa ili likukhala pazenera, udzudzu sudzayerekeza kulowa mchipinda. M'masiku akale, nsabwe zam'mutu zimathandizidwa ndi masamba a pelargonium. Mapiritsi a Pelargonium muzovala zoteteza njenjete kuyambira.

Mukabzala duwa kukhitchini, zonunkhira zosasangalatsa zidzatha.

Onerani kanema wonena za phindu la mafuta onunkhira a pelargonium:

Zotsutsana

Contraindications yothandizira ndi mankhwala ochokera ku chomerachi ndi:

1. tsankho;
2. mimba;
3. zaka zaka 12 zisanakwane komanso pambuyo pa zaka 70;
4. zilonda zam'mimba;
5. kutsika;
6. gastritis.

Kumene ndi kubzala?

Onunkhira Pelargonium ndi chomera chodzichepetsa komanso chothokoza kwambiri. Zitha kubzalidwa kuchokera kuzidutswa zazing'ono kapena mbewu. Pelargonium imalekerera mndende zosayenera, komabe ili ndi zokonda zake posamalira.

1. Kuyatsa... Chitsamba, chomwe chili pazenera loyatsa bwino, kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, chimakula mwachangu ndipo chimamasula kwambiri. Pazenera lakumwera, kumeta pang'ono kumafunika, kapena mutha kusuntha chomeracho pang'ono ndi cheza chowonekera.
2. Zofunika panthaka... Choyamba, ngalande imayikidwa pansi pamphika (dothi lokulitsidwa, njerwa zosweka kapena zazing'ono) kuti madzi asayime ndipo mizu ya pelargonium isavunde. Kenako ikani chomeracho ndi dothi ndikuwonjezera kusakaniza kwa nthaka ndi maluwa amkati.

Mutha kukonzekera gawo lanu. Kuti muchite izi, tengani chidutswa chimodzi cha turf, peat, humus ndi mchenga wapakatikati. Kusakaniza kuyenera kuwerengedwa mu uvuni.

M'mayiko okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, pelargonium imakula bwino m'munda mozungulira dzuwa. Zoyenera kuthirira, kudulira ndi kuthira feteleza ndizofanana ndi pelargonium kunyumba.

Kusamalira bwino nyumba

Kuphatikiza pazofunikira pakusunga pelargonium, palinso mfundo zina zofunika:

• Kutentha kwa mpweya... Pelargonium sayenera kukhala yotentha kwambiri, imamveka bwino kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi 20 ° C. Kuyendetsa chipinda kumawathandiza, ndipo nthawi yotentha mutha kuyikhazikitsa bwinobwino pa loggia kapena khonde.
• Kuthirira... Mutha kuthirira pelargonium onunkhira pamene dothi mumphika limauma pang'ono, koma simukuyenera kupopera. Duwa limatha kusungitsa madzi mumtengo ndi masamba, malowa adathandizira chomeracho kukhalabe nyengo yozizira ku South Africa.
• Mphika... M'phika waukulu, chomeracho chimatsogolera mphamvu zake zonse pakukula kwa mizu, imakula pang'onopang'ono, imaponyera mphukira zochepa ndipo sichitha pachimake. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kusankha mphika wa pelargonium womwe uli mainchesi angapo kuposa mizu ya mizu.
• Feteleza... Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zatsopano kudyetsa; muyenera kudyetsa maluwa ndi feteleza ovuta ndi nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Feteleza amathiridwa milungu iwiri iliyonse kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka Okutobala; m'nyengo yozizira, kudya kwa pelargonium sikofunikira.

  MFUNDO: Muyeneranso kupewa kuthirira feteleza ngati mwangobzala duwa lino. Ndikofunika kudikirira mwezi umodzi kuti mbewuyo isinthe.

• Kudulira ndi kutsina... Kuti mupatse chomeracho kukhala chowoneka bwino ndikuwonjezera mphukira, mutha kutsina zimayambira zakale, apo ayi maluwawo amatambasula kwambiri.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Zolakwitsa zazikulu za florists posamalira duwa ili:

1. mopitirira muyeso kapena, m'malo mwake, kuthirira pang'ono;
2. kuyatsa koyipa;
3. mphika wolimba kapena wokulirapo;
4. kugwiritsa ntchito malo amisewu osalima.

Nthawi zambiri, pelargonium imakhudzidwa ndimatenda omwe amayambitsidwa ndi chinyezi: kuwola kwakuda kapena imvi, ndipo chomeracho chimatha kukhudzidwanso ndi tizirombo.

• Tsinde lakuda, kapena mwendo wakuda... Tsinde la pelargonium limasanduka lakuda pansi, kenako matenda amafalikira pachomera chonse. Matendawa sangachiritsidwe; amatha kupewedwa pongoyang'ana njira zachitetezo mukamagula, kubzala ndi kubzala mbewu.
• Wowola wofiirira... Kuphulika kofiira kumawonekera pamasamba - ichi ndiye chizindikiro choyamba, kenako ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi: siyani kuthirira mbewuyo, chotsani masamba onse omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndikuwaza maluwawo ndi yankho lokonzekera fungicidal.
• Nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ntchentche zoyera... Tizilombo timabisala pansi pamasamba ndikudyetsa masamba. Masamba a Pelargonium amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa. Pambuyo poyendera, pelargonium iyenera kutsukidwa m'madzi a sopo ndikuchiritsidwa ndi tizirombo kangapo.

Zoswana

Chomerachi chimafalikira ndi mbewu ndi cuttings. Njira yoyamba ndi yovuta kwambiri, koma imapanga zomera zomwe zimakhala zolimba, zokulirapo komanso zochuluka pachimake.

Mbewu

Mbeu ziyenera kumasulidwa ku chipolopolo cholimba, ndikuchiritsidwa ndi epin ndikudziviika kwa maola atatu m'madzi. Ndikofunika kubzala mbewu pamtunda wa masentimita 5 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndikuziphwanya pang'ono ndi kuziwaza pang'ono ndi nthaka, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zosapitirira 5 mm. Mukabzala mbewu, nthaka imathiriridwa ndipo chidebecho chimakutidwa ndi galasi kapena kanema... Muyenera kusunga chidebecho m'chipinda chowala bwino ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi 20 ° C. Mbande imawonekera m'masabata awiri, kenako amatola, kenako mbewuzo zimayikidwa m'miphika yosiyana.

Onani kanema wonena za kubzala mbewu za pelargonium:

Zodula

Kuberekanso kwa pelargonium ndi cuttings sikutanthauza kudziwa mwapadera ndi khama. Mphukira yokhala ndi masamba 4-5 imadulidwa kuchokera pamwamba pa chomera chabwino ndikuyika m'madzi. Mizu imawonekera patatha masiku ochepa ndipo chomeracho ndi chokonzeka kubzalidwa mumphika wosiyana. Nthawi yoyamba muyenera kuyisunga pamalo amithunzi ndipo nthawi zonse inyowetsani nthaka.

Onerani kanema wonena za kufalikira kwa pelargonium ndi cuttings:

Mapeto

Mafuta onunkhira a pelargonium ndi chokongoletsa chenicheni cha nyumbayo komanso chithumwa chake, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo abwino komanso opumira. Ngakhale wolemba maluwa wamaluwa amatha kusamalira zonunkhira pelargonium. Poyankha, chomeracho chimapatsa mwininyumba yake fungo lokoma komanso maluwa osangalatsa.

Onerani kanemayo: Visit to Fibrex,.,Part pelargonium show (June 2024).