Duwa lodana ndi alendo - Royal begonia

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Ngakhale pali mitundu yayikulu komanso mitundu ya zomera za mtundu wa Begonia, Royal moyenerera imadziwika kuti ndiyosayerekezeka. Dzina lake lachiwiri ndi Rex begonia.

Maluwawa ndi omwe amakhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino, owoneka bwino, owoneka bwino, okhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi mithunzi. Osankha ndi omwe amalima maluwa ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amayamikira Royal begonia chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake, osati kukongola kwa maluwa.

Nkhaniyi imapereka zidziwitso zonse zokhudzana ndi ma begonias achifumu.

Mbiri ndi kufotokoza kwa chomeracho

Mu 1956, maluwa atsopano adapezeka pamsika waku London woperekedwa kwa ma orchid a ku Asia - Royal Begonia. Ndipo patatha zaka zitatu, obereketsa ameta mitundu ingapo yazomera. Kuyambira pamenepo, ntchito yogwira yayamba pakupanga mitundu yatsopano ya haibridi.

Mwambiri, mitundu yaku Asia idagwiritsidwa ntchito powoloka. Pakuswana, mitundu yambiri yamaluwa idapangidwa, yosiyana mawonekedwe ndi mitundu ya masamba. Ponena za inflorescence, ndi ochepa ndipo alibe zokongoletsa. Royal begonia imawerengedwa kuti ndi chomera chosatha, chokhala ndi tinthu tambiri tokwawa.

Masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana pakudula kwakutali amapanga chitsamba mpaka 50 cm. Pamwambapa, masambawo ndi velvety, asymmetric, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Chithunzi

Onani chithunzi cha momwe begonia imamasulira:

Mitundu yodziwika bwino

Chifukwa cha zaka zambiri zosankhidwa ndi kuwoloka mitundu yonse yazomera, chifukwa chake, mitundu yambiri ya haibridi idapezeka. Mitundu yofala kwambiri yachifumu begonia ndi:

Nkhalango yaku Africa.
Kukongola.
Black Fang.
Khrisimasi yabwino.
Iron Cross.
Mikado.
Vesuvius.
Chiwanda.
Madame Pontpadour.

Tidalemba za mitundu ina ya chomera chokongola ichi, chomwe nthawi zonse chimakondweretsa masamba ake okongola modabwitsa komanso maluwa ake odabwitsa, munkhani zosiyana. Werengani za mitundu iyi ya begonias: Tiger, Wamaliseche, Smaragdovaya, Bolivia, Maple-leved, Diadem, Sizolistny, Metallic, Collar ndi Griffin.

Malo ndi kuyatsa

Mitundu yambiri ya masamba okongoletsera a begonias ali ndi utoto wonyezimira, wowala womwe umafuna kuwala kwambiri. Ndi kusowa kwa kuyatsa, masamba amasanduka otumbululuka komanso owuma. Koma kuwunika kwapadera kumavulanso ma begonias achifumu.

M'nyengo yotentha, ndi bwino kusungunula dzuwa, ndikuyika chomeracho pazenera kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Dzinja, maluwa amkati ayenera kukonzedwanso kumwera.

Malo abwino kwambiri ndi mthunzi pang'ono... Kuwala sikuyenera kugunda chomeracho kuchokera mbali imodzi. Poterepa, korona wa begonia adzakhala mbali imodzi, wopendekera pazenera. Izi zimawonekera makamaka nthawi yamasana ndi kukula kwa maluwa kumachuluka. Kumbukirani kutembenuza mphika sabata iliyonse.

Nthaka yolimbikitsidwa

Nthaka ya Royal begonia iyenera kukhala yotayirira, yofewa, yolemera mchere, yopanda pH. Zolemba izi zimapangidwa ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga wamtsinje, peat, tsamba lapansi, dongo. Nthaka imakhalanso ndi makungwa a paini, omwe amalimbitsa nthaka ndikumasula. Malo ochokera pamabedi kapena peat yoyera siabwino. Njira yabwino ingakhale kugula nthaka yokonzeka. Musanadzalemo, nthaka iliyonse imayenera kutenthedwa ndikuthira pang'ono ndi madzi ofunda.

Kubzala ndi kukonzanso

Chaka chilichonse maluwa amkati amafunika kumuika. Izi zimachitika koyambirira kwamasika. Pachifukwa ichi, mphika wamaluwa umasankhidwa m'mimba mwake wokulirapo kuposa wakale uja, koma osati wozama, kotero kuti sipangakhale kusayenda kwa madzi.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa mphika ndi 9-10 masentimita m'mimba mwake. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mizu ya chomeracho ndi masentimita 2-4 kuchokera panthaka... Kamodzi pazaka zinayi zilizonse, begonia imafuna kukonzanso. Izi ndichifukwa choti duwa limataya mawonekedwe, chitsamba chimasweka, masamba ndi inflorescence zimachepa kukula.

M'malo modula wakale, watsopano umabzalidwa, m'nthaka yokonzedwa kale. Samalani kupezeka kwa ngalande mumphika. Zachilendo zidzakhala ngati mutabzala mitundu ingapo yamafumu begonias mumphika umodzi.

Chisamaliro chachikulu

Mwachilengedwe, begonia yachifumu imakula kumadera otentha, komwe kumakhala kotentha komanso kotentha. Chomeracho sichikufuna, koma nkoyenera kulabadira zina mwa chisamaliro cha chisamaliro:

Kutentha kotentha kumawoneka ngati +20 mpaka + 24 ° С, m'nyengo yozizira osatsika kuposa + 16 ° С. Kusinthana kwamlengalenga nthawi zonse ndikofunikira, koma osasiya maluwawo asanalembedwe. Kusintha kwa kutentha kumatha kusokoneza chikhalidwe chake.
Begonia amakonda zipinda zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi chinyezi. Chinyezi chamkati chimakhala pakati pa 50-70%. Masamba akulu a duwa amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu lamadzi, pomwe mizu yake silingathe kubwezera chinyezi chomwe chatayika. M'nyengo yozizira, musasiye chomera pawindo. Mizu siyabwino pazawindo lozizira, salandira zakudya zokwanira. Ndipo masamba, m'malo mwake, amauma kuchokera pa ndege ya mtsinje wotentha wochokera mabatire.
Imwani madzi begonia mokweza, 1-2 kamodzi pa sabata. M'nyengo yotentha, ndi bwino kusungunula tsiku lililonse. Koma onetsetsani kuti mukuwonetsetsa kuti madziwo saphwa mumphika, apo ayi mizu imatha kuvunda. Nthawi zina amayesa kubwezera chinyezi ndi kuthirira kwakukulu, zomwe sizingachitike. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa, makamaka acidified, ndikuwonjezera mandimu. Musalole kuti chinyezi chifike pamasamba. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumakhala kochepa.
Royal begonia iyenera kudyetsedwa chilimwe ndi masika. Njirayi imachitika kamodzi pa sabata, makamaka ndi feteleza amchere, okhala ndi magawo ofanana a K, Ca, R.
M'nyengo yozizira, simuyenera kudyetsa, chomeracho chikupuma.
Asanayambe gawo lokula mwachangu, mozungulira February-Marichi, nsonga za begonias zimatsinidwa, mphukira zatsopano zimalowera ku rhizome. Izi zimachitika kuti apange korona wokongola, wolimbikitsa mphukira zazing'ono.

Matenda ofala

Royal begonia, monga zipinda zina zapakhomo, imatha kudwala. Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndikuphwanya nyengo yoyenera m'nyumba. Kupatuka pazigawo kungayambitse chitukuko cha matendawa:

Powdery mildew. Matenda a fungal a maluwa amkati, chifukwa chomwe chimatuluka pachimake pamtambo. Pamene bowa imafalikira, mawanga achikasu amawoneka, ozungulira. Amatha kuwoneka mu lumen kapena kumbuyo kwa masamba. Powdery mildew imayamba pakakhala chinyezi chambiri komanso kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino. Limbani ndi matendawa popopera mankhwala ndi fungicide kapena sulfure.
Kutentha kwa mizu. Matendawa amakula chifukwa chinyezi wambiri m'nthaka komanso kutentha pang'ono m'chipindacho. Mizu ya chomerayo yawonongeka koyamba. Matendawa amafalikiranso mpaka masamba, amapiringa, ndipo zimayambira zimayamba kuwola. Mutha kupulumutsa begonia pamavuto ngati awa pochotsa malo owonongeka ndikuchiza ndi fungicide solution.

Ndi chisamaliro chosayenera, Royal begonia nthawi zambiri imavutika:

Wotuwa, wonyezimira masamba - dzuwa lowonjezera.
Masamba owonda, otambalala - kusowa kwa kuyatsa kwa chomeracho.
Zouma m'mbali mwa masamba - kusowa chinyezi.

Pofuna kupewa izi, nthawi zonse tengani njira zodzitetezera: kumasula nthaka, kuthirira moyenera, mpweya wabwino, kuunikira bwino, chinyezi chabwino komanso kutentha.

Tizirombo

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'nyumba ndi dothi, maluwa, zipatso zosasamba, masamba.

Aphid. Amadyetsa zitsamba zamasamba, zomwe zimabweretsa masamba. Izi tizilombo kumenyedwa mothandizidwa ndi processing celandine kulowetsedwa, anyezi msuzi.
Kangaude. Ili kumapeto kwa pepala. Amakondanso mphukira zazing'ono. Kuwonekera kwa nkhuku kumatsimikiziridwa ndi pallor, masamba akugwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakonda malo owuma m'nyumba. Powononga, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la sopo.
Thrips. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Zizindikiro zakupezeka kwawo pa begonias: mawanga ofiira akuda pamasamba omwe amagawidwa m'mbali kapena pakatikati. Pambuyo pake, tsamba limasanduka chikasu ndikufa. Pachifukwa ichi, chithandizo chofulumira cha begonia ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndikofunikira.

Podziteteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikofunikira kupukuta masamba a begonia kuchokera kufumbi ndi dothi ndi nsalu youma. Yenderani chomeracho kawiri pamwezi.

Ngati maluwawo awonongeka kwambiri, amachizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala "Aktara", kuchepetsa 1 g pa lita imodzi ya madzi.

Kuswana

Mfundo zoyambira kuswana begonia - mbewu, cuttings kapena magawano amizu:

Mbewu imafesedwa kumapeto kwa dzinja mu chidebe ndi ngalande. Miphika yokhala ndi mbande zamtsogolo ziyenera kusungidwa m'malo otenthetsa. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka. Masamba oyamba azikhala obiriwira, popita nthawi adzapeza mtundu wofanana ndi mitundu.
Njira yobzala. Ndikofunikira kuti kubereka kutenge kholo labwino, lolimba. Mutha kutenga phesi, tsamba, gawo la tsamba. Masamba odulidwayo amatha kuikidwa m'madzi, kapena kuikidwa m'nthaka yonyowa mpaka mizu itayamba kuwonekera. Njirayi imathamanga kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zokula. Kukonzekera monga "Kornevin", "Zircon". Ndikofunikanso kuti pakhale kutentha kwakomera kwa mbewu.
Kugawidwa kwa rhizome kumachitika nthawi yobzala kapena kusintha. Gawo la muzu limabzalidwa mu nthaka yosakanikirana kale. Siyani chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa + 20-24 ° C. Pakangotha milungu ingapo, mphukira zazing'ono zimaswa.

Amakhulupirira kuti Royal begonia imabweretsa mgwirizano m'nyumba. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa iye ndi chipinda chochezera. Mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zimasonkhana pano, pakubwera alendo. Chomeracho chimatha kuthetsa kusayenerera konse ndikupanganso malo abwino.