Kodi mungasamalire bwanji tuberous begonia kunyumba? Timakula chomera chokongola komanso chobiriwira

Begonia ndi imodzi mwazomera zokongola kwambiri. Akatswiri amagawaniza mitundu yazomera zosiyanasiyana m'magulu atatu akulu: zokongoletsa zowoneka bwino, zotumbuka komanso zopanda pake.

Tuberous begonia yatchuka pakati pa omwe amalima maluwa chifukwa cha zokongoletsa zake zabwino komanso mitundu yambiri ya haibridi. Kuti chikhalidwe chikope diso ndi kukongola ndi kutsitsimuka, m'pofunika kusamalira bwino icho. Werengani izi mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani ili pansipa. Onerani kanema wothandiza pamutuwu.

Za chomera

Tuberous begonia ndi yosatha yomwe imakula bwino bwino pabwalo komanso kunyumba. Mbali yayikulu ya chomeracho ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ngati mawonekedwe a tuber mpaka masentimita 6. Zimayambira ndi zowirira, zowutsa mudyo, zotuluka. Masambawo ndi akulu, owoneka ngati mtima ndi m'mbali mwake. Kujambula kuchokera kubiriwira wobiriwira kupita ku emerald. Pamwambapa pamakhala zonyezimira kapena matte, zokutidwa ndi tsitsi.

CHENJEZO: Tuberous begonia imakhala ndi maluwa ataliatali. Maluwawo amawonekera mu Meyi ndipo amasintha mosalekeza mpaka Okutobala.

Kutalika kwa tchire kumakhala masentimita 20 mpaka 80. Mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa ndi osiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu, m'mimba mwake ndi 3-20 cm. Mitundu yotchuka, chifukwa chokhala ndiwiri, imakhala yofanana ndi peonies, roses, carnations.

Mikhalidwe yomangidwa

Malo obadwira a begonias ndi madera otentha. Chomera chokonda kutentha chimatha kubzalidwa kunyumba, kutsatira malangizo aukadaulo waulimi. Zosatha zimayenera kupereka kutentha ndi kuwala. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa iye adzakhala kum'mawa kapena kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa zenera. Musalole kuti dzuwa lilowe mwachindunji, izi zimapangitsa kutentha kwa masamba ndi masamba. Dzuwa likakhala lolimba kwambiri, chinsalu choteteza chopangidwa ndi nsalu kapena pepala chimapangidwa. Njira yabwino ndikuyika mphikawo pachitetezo chapadera.

Pakukula mogwirizana kwa begonia, pamafunika kutentha kwa + 18-22 °... Samalekerera kutentha bwino, masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu, kupiringa ndi kuuma. Nthawi yakumapeto, nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yozizira, chomeracho chimasungidwa kutentha pafupifupi 10 °.

Zosatha zimakhala bwino nyengo yamvula. Kutentha kapena pamene zida zotenthetsera zikuyenda, mpweya umawuma. Pachitsamba chokongoletsera, izi zimadzaza ndi kutayika kwamitundu, kutaya masamba ndi masamba. Kuwaza madzi pafupi ndi chomeracho kumakuthandizani kuti mukonze izi. Koma madontho sayenera kugwa pamasamba ndi pamaluwa.

Njira yothandiza yowonjezera chinyezi ndiyo kuyika mphikawo mu chidebe cha moss kapena timiyala tonyowa. Pofuna kuti chinyezi chisalowe pansi kudzera m'mabowo, mphikawo umayikidwa pamchere wopindika.

Kufika

Tuber imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulira begonias... Nyengo yokula isanayambe (kumapeto kwa February kapena Marichi), imabzalidwa mu chidebe kuti imere. Peat imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lapansi. Ndi dothi lowala lokhala ndi michere yokwanira, momwe masamba a tuber amatengera msanga kuti akule.

Zomera zingapo zimatha kubzalidwa pachidebe chimodzi chachikulu, mtunda pakati pawo ndi masentimita 10. Musanabzala, peat imakhuthala, tuber imakulitsidwa ndi 3/4, ina imatsalira kumtunda. Izi zithandizira kumera kwa mphukira.

CHOFUNIKA: Cholakwitsa chodziwika bwino cha oyamba kumene florists ndikubzala molakwika. Tuber ili ndi mbali ziwiri - zozungulira komanso zopingasa. Mbali yozungulira iyenera kuikidwa pansi, ndipamene mizu imakula.

Chidebe chomwe chimamera begonias chimasungidwa m'malo otentha ndi kutentha kwa 18-20 °... Gawo lapansi limasungidwa lonyowa. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, mphukira imawonekera mwachangu. Kutalika kwawo kukafika masentimita asanu, chomeracho chimaponyedwa mumphika wosatha.

Begonias ngati kuwala, nthaka yotayirira ndi otsika acidity. Chosankha choyambira kwa oyamba ndi choyambira chapadera kuchokera m'sitolo. Lili ndi zigawo zonse zofunikira, zosankhidwa mofanana. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kukonzekera nokha nthaka. Chofunika:

• nthaka yamasamba;
• peat;
• humus;
• perlite kapena mchenga.

Zida zonse zimatengedwa mofanana, nthaka yopatsa thanzi komanso yopepuka imapezeka. Palibe zomwe amakonda pamphika, pulasitiki kapena ceramic adzachita. Koma kukula kwake kulibe kanthu, chidebechi chimayenera kukhala masentimita 15-20 m'mimba mwake, mtunda woyenera kuchokera ku tuber mpaka kukhoma kwa mphika ndi 4-5 cm. Mizu yosatha ndiyosaya, siyifuna mphamvu yakuya... Kutalika kwabwino kwa mphika ndi 12-15 cm.

Tuberous begonia imayankha molakwika madzi. Miphika iyenera kukhala ndi ngalande (mpaka 1/3 ya voliyumu) ​​kuti mvula yambiri iwonongeke. Dothi lokulitsa, zinyenyeswazi za thovu, miyala ing'onoing'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ngalande.

Werengani zambiri za kubzala begonias mumphika ndi malo otseguka ndikupitilira kusamalira pano.

Onerani kanema wonena za kubzala tubonia ya begonia:

Kuika liti?

Kuika chomera m'nyumba kumachitika kawiri:

1. mizu inadzaza mphika wochepa;
2. amafunika kusintha nthaka chifukwa cha matenda kapena kusefukira kwa mbeu.

Kukhazikitsa kwa begonia kumachitika mchaka, nthawi zambiri mu Marichi.... Tuber imachotsedwa pansi ndikuyesedwa. Zizindikiro zowola ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndi mpeni, madera owonongeka ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi ufa wa mpweya. Mphika uyenera kukhala wokulirapo masentimita 10 kuposa m'mimba mwake. Nthaka imagwiritsidwanso ntchito chimodzimodzi podzala, kutsanulira ngalande kutsanulira pansi.

MFUNDO: Sakanizani begonia tuber mu njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa mphindi zochepa. Njirayi imalepheretsa kukula kwa matenda a fungal.

Onani kanema wonena za kubzala begonia:

Momwe mungasamalire?

Begonias si maluwa osasamala kwambiri, koma amakhalanso ndi zokonda zawo. Zomera zimakonda mpweya wabwino, posachedwa zimatengeredwa kukhonde kapena pabwalo. Koma zojambula siziloledwa.

Chimodzi mwa ma tuberous begonias ndi nthawi yachisanu yozizira.... Iyenera kukhala osachepera miyezi iwiri kapena itatu. Nthawi yopuma imagwera pa Disembala-February. Pakadali pano, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kwathunthu kapena kuchepetsedwa pang'ono. Tsinde la chomeracho limadulidwa, ndipo mphikawo umaikidwa m'malo amdima ozizira.

Kuthirira

Malamulo othirira madzi ndiosavuta, kuwatsata kwawo kumatsimikizira kuti chomera chanyumba chili ndi thanzi labwino:

1. Chlorine imavulaza maluwa, gwiritsani ntchito madzi okhazikika.
2. Madzi okhala ndi madzi firiji, chomeracho chimadwala chifukwa cha kuzizira.
3. Gawani chinyezi mofanana.
4. Ndondomeko yothirira - 2-3 sabata, amasinthidwa kutengera kuchuluka kwa kuyanika kwa chinyezi.
5. Pewani kupeza chinyezi pamasamba ndi maluwa.

Kusefukira kumawononga mizu ya tuberous begonia, kuyesera kupereka madzi ochepa.

Kodi kudyetsa?

Begonias amafuna michere yambiri kuti chitukuko ndi maluwa mosalekeza.... Mutha kuyidyetsa ndi mchere komanso feteleza. Nthawi yoyamba yomwe achita izi ndi Meyi. Nthawi yamaluwa, asafe, yomwe imaletsa kuphukira, iyenera kupewedwa. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito fetereza wa maluwa kamodzi pamwezi.

Kodi kutsina mphukira?

Kukanikiza pakati ndi kudulira kumakupatsani mwayi wopanga korona womwe mumafuna, ndikupangitsa kuti chitsamba chizikhala chobiriwira. Malingaliro a akatswiri zakufunika kotsina begonias tuberous adagawika. Alimi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mitundu yosakanikirana yosatha sikutanthauza zina zowonjezera kuti zikhale zovuta. Koma nthawi zina, njirayi ndiyofunikira. Kukanikiza pakati kumachitika isanachitike kapena itatha maluwa. Zala zimachotsa kutalika kwa mphukira ndi 1-2 cm.

Makhalidwe okula kutchire

Begonia tubers amabzalidwa pamalo otseguka pasanafike Meyi... Amayamba kumera m'miphika. Musanabzala, zinthu zakuthupi zimayambitsidwa m'nthaka - kompositi kapena humus. Chomeracho chimazolowera pang'onopang'ono nyengo zam'misewu. Nthawi yomwe amakhala mlengalenga imawonjezeka tsiku lililonse. Malo okwerera ayenera kukhala mumthunzi pang'ono komanso otetezedwa ku mphepo. Kapangidwe kamadalira kukula kwa tchire:

• Zotalika zimabzalidwa pambuyo pa 30 cm;
• sing'anga - pambuyo pa 20 cm;
• otsika - pambuyo pa 15 cm.

Thirani phulusa pansi pa dzenje lililonse. Ndi feteleza wachilengedwe wa potaziyamu-phosphorus wa nthaka yosalowerera ndale.

Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala kochuluka, kamodzi pakatha masiku 2-3, ndi bwino kuchita m'mawa. M'nyengo yowuma, kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawonjezeka. Kusamalira panja kumaphatikizapo kupalira ndi kumasula nthaka. Mphukira youma ndi maluwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa. M'dzinja, chomeracho chimayamba kukonzekera kupumula. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Mu Novembala, gawo lakumtunda limadulidwa, kusiya chitsa mpaka 3 cm.

Pambuyo masabata awiri, ma tubers amakumbidwa, kutsukidwa ndikupindidwa kuti aume mchipinda chowuma. Ndi bwino kuziyika pa sphagnum moss, yomwe imakhala ndi bakiteriya. Sungani ma tubers pamalo ozizira (5-8 °). Amayesedwa nthawi ndi nthawi, kutaya zitsanzo zowonongeka. Achinyamata a begonias amakula kuchokera ku zolimba, zotsekemera zotsekemera masika. Moyo wa chomeracho ndi zaka 2-3, koma mitundu yambiri ili ndi zaka zosachepera zisanu.

Onerani kanema wonena za zomwe zimachitika ndikukula kwa begonias wam'munda pabwalo:

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Kupanda chisamaliro choyenera kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe azomera zokongoletsa. Ndi mavuto ati omwe amalima amaluwa amakumana nawo nthawi zambiri:

1. Masamba amasanduka achikasu - chomwe chimayambitsa kufota kwa nthaka, chomeracho chikuyenera kusintha gawo lapansi. Pakhoza kukhala kuchepa kwa chinyezi kapena kuwala.
2. Mawanga a bulauni pamasamba - amayambitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito shading kuchokera padzuwa.
3. Masamba amagwa - vutoli limachitika pakakhala kusowa kwa mchere, madzi, mayendedwe achuluka a maluwa.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

CHENJEZO: Tuberous begonia imatha kutenga matenda a fungal. Maonekedwe awo amakwiyitsidwa ndi chinyezi chochuluka mlengalenga ndi nthaka.

Matenda omwe amapezeka ndi awa:

• Kuvunda imvi - masambawo ali ndi mawanga, omwe pang'onopang'ono amakula m'mimba mwake. Maluwa otuwa amapezeka. Pofuna kupewa ndi kuchiza, njira ya Fundazol imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Powdery mildew - pachimake choyera chimafalikira pamwamba pa masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Kulimbana ndi bowa kumachitika ndi mankhwala ndi fungicides.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikhoza kuwononga chomeracho m'masiku ochepa. Pakati pa adani a begonias: thrips, akangaude, nsabwe za m'masamba, nematodes. Ndi bwino kulimbana ndi tizirombo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo amakono: Aktara, Karbofos, Intavir.

Mukamatsatira malingaliro akuchoka, begonia idzakusangalatsani ndi masamba obiriwira owirira komanso maluwa obwereza. Mitundu ya Ampel imakongoletsa makonde ndi masitepe, tchire lokhala ndi maluwa akulu awiri limapanga kapangidwe ka maluwa kapena miyala.

Onerani kanemayo: Tuberous begonias - grow u0026 care Also as Houseplant (Mulole 2024).