Akhaltsikhe - mzinda wa Georgia pafupi ndi linga lakale

Pakati pa mapiri ataliatali, m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Potskhovi, pali tawuni yaying'ono ya Akhaltsikhe (Georgia).

Mzindawu wokongola, womwe mbiri yawo idayamba zaka masauzande ambiri, idagwira ntchito yayikulu kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa, kuyambira pomwe inali kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Georgia, pafupi ndi malire ndi Turkey, pamphambano za misewu yayikulu.

Zikuwonekeranso za mbiri yake yakale kuchokera pa dzinali: "Akhaltsikhe" ndiye "New Fortress". Ngakhale kale, pokhala cholowa cha banja labwino kwambiri lachifumu Jakeli (900 g), mzindawu unkatchedwa mosiyana - Lomisia. Dzinalo lomwe lilipo tsopano lidatchulidwa koyamba m'mbiri ya 1204, yoperekedwa kwa oyang'anira Ivan ndi Shalva a Akhaltsikhe.

Tsopano Akhaltsikhe, omwe nzika zake zimafika 15,000, ndiye likulu loyang'anira dera la Samtskhe-Javakheti. Akhaltsikhe ali ndi mzinda wakale, wofalikira paphiri, ndi madera omwe ali ndi nyumba zatsopano zomangidwa m'chigwa.

Ndizosatheka kunena kuti anthu pano ndi ochereza, nthawi zonse amalumikizana ndi zosangalatsa.

Zozizwitsa za mzindawo

Ngati pali chidwi chofuna kuphunzira mbiri yakale ya dera lakale la Samtskhe-Javakheti ndikukhala ndi malingaliro abwino, ndiye yankho labwino kwambiri ndikuwona zochitika ku Akhaltsikhe. Masamba ambiri osangalatsa apa akhoza kuwonedwa kwaulere, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wopeza ndalama zambiri patchuthi. M'masiku 2-3, ndizotheka kuwona chilichonse: mzinda womwewo, malo ozungulira.

Mzinda wakale wa Rabat

Linga losagonjetseka Rabat lasandulika mzinda weniweni, wokhala pafupifupi mahekitala 7. Ndikotheka kuyenda kuchokera pakati pa Akhaltsikhe kukafika - zimatenga mphindi 30.

Gawo lachitetezo champhamvuchi ndiulendo wopita kumitundu yosiyanasiyana, apa mutha kuyenda kwa maola ambiri, mukuyiwaliratu za moyo kunja kwa makoma ake. Ndipo ngati mungabwere kuno madzulo, mutha kumva ngati nthano: gawo lachitetezo limawunikiridwa ndi zowunikira zolimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwoneke ngati nyumba zonse zikuyandama mlengalenga!

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa Rabat kunayamba m'zaka za zana la 9, koma kapangidwe kameneka sikanali kokongola kwambiri. M'zaka za zana la 12, nthumwi za banja la Dzhakeli zidamanga nyumba yachifumu pano, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale malo osagonjetseka kum'mwera kwa Georgia. Kutetezedwa kwa Rabat kudutsa kwambiri nthawi yonse yomwe idakhalako: m'zaka za zana la 14 idawonongedwa ndi ankhondo a Tamerlane, m'zaka za zana la 15 adagonjetsedwa ndi Mongol Khan Yakub, ndipo m'zaka za zana la 16 adagwidwa ndi gulu lankhondo la Ottoman pamodzi ndi mzindawu.

Popita nthawi, nyumbayi idataya cholinga chake. Kusamvana pakati pa USSR ndi Turkey komwe kudachitika m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri kudapangitsa kuti malowa atsekedwe kuti azitha kuyendera, malo achitetezo a Rabat sanalandire chisamaliro choyenera ndipo pang'onopang'ono adawonongedwa.

Chidwi ku Akhaltsikhe ndi Rabat chinayambanso pokhapokha USSR itagwa, ndipo mu 2011 adayamba kubwezeretsanso linga lakale. Boma la Georgia lidawononga ndalama zoposa 34 miliyoni miliyoni pantchito yobwezeretsa (ndiye inali pafupifupi $ 15 miliyoni). Pomangidwanso, ntchito zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zithandizire kusunga zowona za nyumba zomwe zidalipo; zidasankhidwanso zida zomwe zidapangitsa "kubwereza" maluso amisiri akale. Pakutha kwa chilimwe 2012, kumangidwako kunamalizidwa, ndipo "New Fortress" ya Akhaltsikhe idatsegulidwa kuti ayendere ndikuyendera pafupipafupi.

Tsopano gawo la Rabat lagawidwa m'munsi ndi kumtunda, mbiri, magawo.

Choyamba oh mmunsi mwa linga la Akhaltsikhe, zomwe mutha kuchezera nthawi iliyonse, komanso kwaulere. Makoma akuluwo ali ndi zipata zazikulu zopita kudera lachifumu, zomwe amayenera kuyenda: njira zosalala, malo oyera, osangalatsa, maiwe okongola. Palinso munda wamphesa wachichepere, wobzalidwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Kumunsi kwa alendo hotelo "Rabat" ikuyembekezera, motsutsana ndi maziko amiyala yamiyala yamphamvu, zipinda zopangidwa ndi matabwa osema zimawoneka mopanda tanthauzo. Zipinda zabwino zimayambira 50 GEL ($ 18.5). Zakudya zokoma zakomweko zimaperekedwa ndi malo odyera omwe dzina lake limakhala pafupi.

Malo ogulitsira vinyo a KTW, amodzi mwa malo abwino kwambiri ogulitsa vinyo ku Samtskhe-Javakheti, ali ndi zakumwa zabwino kwambiri. Apa amapereka chacha, cognacs, mitundu yambiri ya vinyo, kuphatikiza yosowa kwambiri yopangidwa ndi maluwa amaluwa. Sitoloyo imadabwitsanso ndi mkati mwake: pali zowonetsera zambiri, mipando yamatabwa yabwino ya alendo, ndi nyumba zokongola zopangidwa ndi magalasi pansi pake.

Mu shopu kachikumbutso mugule mafano, zodzikongoletsera zasiliva zokhala ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, komanso mbale za vinyo ndi mabotolo opangidwa ndi sera yoyera kwambiri.

Pakhomo lolowera ku Rabat ku Akhaltsikhe, kumunsi kwake, kuli malo okopa alendo, komwe mungagule nthawi yomweyo matikiti kuti mukayendere gawo lazakale ku nyumbayi.

Chotsatira, tidzakambirana za kumtunda kwa nyumba yachifumu ya Rabat - ili ndi dera, khomo lolowera ku 6 GEL, kuyendera nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kuyenera kulipidwa padera - 3 GEL. Mutagula tikiti, mutha kuyenda mozungulira mpandawo kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 19:00, kujambula ndi kujambula.

Gawo lakumtunda lakhomalo limasiyanitsidwa ndi gawo lakumunsi ndi khoma lamphamvu lamiyala, ndipo nyumba pano ndizopangidwa, kotero muyenera kukwera masitepe ambiri nthawi zonse. Gawo la Museum lili ndi zokopa zazikulu:

1. Maofesi okwera kwambiri (alipo 4 apa), omwe amatha kukwera masitepe ozungulira. Ma nsanja owonera kwambiri amapereka malingaliro abwino a mapiri ndi malingaliro odabwitsa amzindawu ndi madera ozungulira. Malo amkati mwamakoma a nsanjayo akukongoletsedwa ndi miyala yamitundu yambiri; mutha kuwona malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira zida.
2. Mzikiti wa Akhmediye unamangidwa m'zaka za zana la 18 ndipo adatchedwa Akhmed Pasha (Kimshiashvili). Mu 1828, Rabat atagwidwa ndi asitikali aku Russia, Orthodox Church of the Assumption of the Virgin idapangidwa kuchokera mzikiti. Pakukonzanso, mzikiti wa mzikiti udakutidwa ndi golide, womwe umadzetsa mayanjano ndi Mzikiti wa Omar likulu la State of Israel, Jerusalem.

3. Pali gazebo yokhala ndi kasupe ku Rabat, komwe mumatha kumasuka ndikumwa madzi oyera.
4. Historical Museum (kutsegulira kuyambira 10:00 mpaka 18:00) imapatsa alendo chiwonetsero chofotokoza mbiri yakale yakumwera kwa Georgia. Ndizoletsedwa kujambula zithunzi m'nyumbayi ya Akhaltsikhe.

Nyumba ya amonke ku Sapara

M'mapiri, makilomita 10 okha kuchokera pakatikati pa Akhaltsikhe, pali chokopa china chambiri - nyumba ya amonke ya Sapara (Safara). Munthawi ya Soviet Union, idathetsedwa, ndipo kuyambira zaka za m'ma 1980 wakhala mchitidwe wokopa amphongo achimuna - amonke 20 amakhala kumeneko.

Kudera la amonke kuli:

1. Kapangidwe kakale kwambiri kovuta ndi Church of the Assumption, yomangidwa m'zaka za zana la X. Ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha iconostasis yake, yomwe ili ndi zisoti zokongola zopumulira.
2. Pafupi pali tchalitchi cholimba cholamulidwa, nthawi yomanga yomwe imayambira m'zaka za zana la 13, ndi belu tower. Bell tower ili ndi dome yopangidwa ndi miyala yolimba yamwala.
3. Patsogolo pang'ono ndikukwera m'malo otsetsereka pali nyumba zamalinga, zomwe zilipo nsanja zitatu zosungidwa bwino, khoma lamiyala lalitali, komanso maselo (amazokotedwa thanthwe ndikumalizidwa ndi miyala).
4. Cathedral yayikulu ya amonke - kachisi wa St. Saba, adamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XIII. Ili ndiye dongosolo lamphamvu kwambiri loyang'anizana ndi miyala yosema m'dera la amonke. Zomangamanga zake zimayang'aniridwa ndi malo athyathyathya komanso otsika kwambiri. Pali 2 yaying'ono kwambiri pafupi ndi kachisi wamkulu. Nyumba zonsezi zimakhala ndi madenga opangidwa ndi miyala.
5. Khomo lakumwera kwa malowa latsekedwa. Pali malo amonke ndi zipinda zothandiza.

Sapara ndi malo apadera komanso osangalatsa ku Georgia pafupi ndi mzinda wa Akhaltsikhe, koma kufika kumeneko sikophweka. Palibe ndege zachindunji kuchokera kokwerera mabasi amzindawu, koma nthawi zina alendo kuno amavomereza ndi woyendetsa minibus za ulendowu - zitha pafupifupi 3 GEL pa munthu aliyense. Mutha kutenga taxi, yomwe idzawononga pafupifupi 25 GEL.

Itha kufikiridwanso wapansi. Kuchokera pakatikati pa Akhaltsikhe, muyenera kupita kummawa mumsewu wa Rustaveli pafupifupi 2 km, kenako mutembenuke mumsewu wopita kumudzi wa Khreli - zovuta ndikuti kutembenuka kumeneku sikudziwika mwanjira iliyonse. Mudziwo umayamba pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, ndipo msewu wafumbi umakwera kwambiri. Pambuyo pa 2.4 km kuchokera kunja kwa mudziwo, mseuwo upita kukadutsa kakhonde kakang'ono, komwe kumatsegulira mawonekedwe a Akhaltsikhe. Pasanapite pasipoti, kumanzere, kuli nyumba yaying'ono ndi mabwinja ambiri - uwu ndi mudzi wa Verkhnie Khreli. Kudzanja lamanja padzakhala nkhalango ya paini yoyera, yomwe imawonedwa ngati malo abwino kwambiri oti usiku uliwonse mukhale Akhaltsikhe. Nyumba ya amonke ili pafupi makilomita atatu kuchokera kumudzi wa Verkhniye Khreli pamseu wabwino womwe mzinda umawonekera, chigwa cha Kura, ndi mudzi wa Minadze.

Pakhomo la nyumba ya amonke ndi yaulere. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kumapeto kwa sabata ku Sapar kumakhala kodzaza, chifukwa maulendo a ana asukulu ochokera ku Georgia konse amabwera.

Kachisi wa Mfumukazi Tamara

M'mbiri yonse ya Georgia, boma lino ndiye mkazi yekhayo amene adakwera pampando wachifumu ndikulamulira dzikolo mosadalira. Uyu ndi Mfumukazi Tamara.

Nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Tamara (XII century) idakhala Golden Age ku Georgia. Zinali chifukwa cha Mfumukazi Tamara kuti Chikhristu chidafalikira mdziko muno ndikukhala chipembedzo chawo. Kuyambira 1917, ndichizolowezi kukondwerera tchuthi cha Tamaroba ku Georgia pa Meyi 14.

Tchuthi chadzikoli chimachitika ndi chikondwerero chapadera komanso chochititsa chidwi ku Akhaltsikhe, komwe mu 2009-2010 kachisi wa Mfumukazi Tamar adamangidwa. Nyumba yosadzikongoletsayi idakongoletsedwa ndi mitundu yowala. Mkati, zokopa zimawoneka ngati zazing'ono, komabe, guwa lansembe lonseli likuwala ndi golide, ndipo makomawo amakongoletsedwa ndi utoto wachikhalidwe, pomwe pali zithunzi zambiri za mfumukazi.

Patsogolo pa kachisiyo pali chipilala chachikulu chosonyeza Tamara, wokhala pampando wachifumu, atanyamula chizindikiro cha mphamvu. Chipilala ndi kachisi wa Mfumukazi Tamar zili pakatikati pa Akhaltsikhe, mumsewu wa Kostava, ndikosavuta kupita kulikonse kuchokera mzindawo.

Chidziwitso kwa apaulendo! Kuchokera ku Akhaltsikhe ndikofunikira kupita kumphanga ku Vardzia. Mutha kudziwa momwe zimawonekera komanso mawonekedwe ake pankhaniyi.

Momwe mungafikire ku Akhaltsikhe?

Kuchokera ku Tbilisi

Kudziwa momwe mungayendere kuchokera ku Tbilisi kupita ku Akhaltsikhe, zikuwonekeratu kuti ngakhale pali malo okwerera njanji m'mizinda iyi, palibe ndege zachindunji, komabe, komanso ndi kusintha kamodzi. M'malo mosamutsa 2-3, ndibwino kuiwala za sitimayo palimodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito basi.

Mabasi opita ku Akhaltsikhe amachoka pa siteshoni yamabasi likulu la Didube. Ku Akhaltsikhe, amabwera mumsewu wa Tamarashvili, komwe kuli masiteshoni mabasi. Pali maulendo apaulendo mphindi 40-60 zilizonse, kuyambira 7:00 mpaka 19:00, ndipo tikiti imawononga 12 GEL. Kuchokera ku Akhaltsikhe kupita ku Tbilisi, mtunda uli pafupifupi 206 km, nthawi yoyenda ndi maola 3-3.5.

Momwe mungachokere ku Batumi

Mutha kupezanso kuchokera ku Batumi kupita ku Akhaltsikhe pabasi yoyenda, yomwe imanyamuka kuchokera kokwerera mabasi akale, yomwe ili pamsewu. Mayakovsky, 1. Pali ndege ziwiri zokha patsiku: 8:00 ndi 10:30. Ulendowu umatenga 20-25 GEL, ulendowu umakhala pafupifupi maola 5.5-6. Mwa njira, mabasi awa amapita kudera lathanzi la Borjomi, ndiye pali mwayi wokaona malo otchuka padziko lonse lapansi a balneological komanso nyengo.

Muthanso kuchokera ku Batumi kupita ku Akhaltsikhe ndi taxi, koma kodi pali chifukwa chilichonse paulendowu? Taxi, monga zimamvekera bwino, siili pano - pali ma cabbi apadera omwe amapereka ntchito zawo pamalipiro apamwamba kwambiri. Ulendo wa minibus yofanana ndi wamba, kupatula okwera ochepa, udzawononga $ 80-100.

Posankha momwe mungapitire ku Batumi ku Akhaltsikhe, zimawonekeratu kuti njira yabwino kwambiri yolumikizirana ndi mayendedwe ofookawa ndiulendo wapagalimoto yanu. Ndikofunika kuti ikhale galimoto yopanda msewu, popeza ngakhale misewu idakonzedwa kalekale, pali madera ambiri osakonzedwa.

Yerekezerani mitengo ya malo ogwiritsira ntchito Fomu iyi

Nthawi yabwino yobwera ku Akhaltsikhe ndi iti

Mutha kubwera mumzinda wa Akhaltsikhe kuti mukasangalale ndi zochititsa chidwi zake nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Koma nthawi yabwino yoyenda idzakhala Julayi-Seputembala: mu Meyi kutentha kwayamba kale kufika + 17 ° C, koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala mvula yachidule.

M'nyengo yotentha, nthawi zambiri pamakhala kutentha kwakukulu: kutentha kumatha kufikira + 30 ° C, koma pafupifupi, thermometer imakhala pa + 23 .. + 25 ° C. Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, nyengo ikadali yabwino, kutentha kumatsikira ku + 18 ... + 19 ° C. Nyengo yotere ndi yosangalatsa kuyenda kuzungulira mzindawo, koma sikukuzizira komabe kukwera mapiri.

M'dzinja ku Akhaltsikhe (Georgia) zithunzi zokongola zimatseguka! Chifukwa cha mitengoyo, mapiri amatenga mitundu yachikasu ndi yofiirira, yothandizidwa ndi ma spruces obiriwira. Mikwingwirima imakutidwa ndi chiwembu chowala, mlengalenga mumadzaza ndi fungo la nkhalango.

Zabwino kudziwa! Malo ogwiritsira ntchito azaumoyo ku Georgia Abastumani ali 28 km kuchokera ku Akhaltsikhe. Mutha kuwerenga za chithandizo, zosangalatsa komanso zowoneka m'mudzimo patsamba lino.

Zosangalatsa

1. 26% ya nzika za Akhaltsikhe ndi Armenia.
2. Chifukwa cha kumangidwanso kwa nyumbayi, misewu mu mzindawu idakonzedwanso, mashopu atsopano ndi mahotela adatsegulidwa, komanso nyumba zina zidakonzedwanso.
3. Tchalitchi cha Armenian Catholic of the Holy Sign ku Akhaltsikhe munthawi ya Soviet chinali ngati bwalo lamasewera.

Mitengo patsamba ili ndi ya Marichi 2020.

Njira yopita ku Akhaltsikhe pagalimoto, mwachidule mzindawo komanso malo achitetezo a Rabat - mu kanemayu.

Onerani kanemayo: MAPEMPHERO PA MIBAWA NDI MPINGO WA FOUNTAIN OF VICTORY (September 2024).