Timapanga nyengo yoyenera yobzala duwa: nthaka ya begonia ndikuisamalira

Begonia imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi komanso nthaka. Kapangidwe kosayenera ka nthaka, zolakwitsa pakuthirira ndi kubzalanso zimawononga chomeracho.

Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe yoyenera ya begonias ndikusamalira bwino duwa ili.

Chifukwa chake mupeza mtundu wa nthaka yomwe muyenera kusankha chomera, momwe mungathirire nthaka mtsogolo ndikusamalira duwa.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Begonia ndi chomera chowala cha banja la Begoniev... Pali udzu wambiri pachaka komanso wosatha, zitsamba zazing'ono ndi zitsamba. Masamba a Begonia amakhala osakanikirana, amadzaza kapena amagawika m'magulu angapo okhala ndi mapiri osokonekera. Inflorescence ndi yovuta, imaphatikizapo maluwa achikazi ndi achimuna. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi wosiyanasiyana: woyera, wachikasu, pinki, wofiira, lalanje. Kusintha kosiyana ndikotheka m'mphepete mwa masamba.

Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lamakona atatu okhala ndi nthanga zazing'ono. Mizu ya begonias ikhoza kukhala tuberous, rhizome ndi nthambi. Tuberous begonia imakula osati kunyumba kokha, komanso m'munda. Mitundu ina yonseyo imalimidwa m'nyumba mokha.

Nthaka

Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zachitukuko chamkati cha begonias wamkati ndi nthaka yolondola. Ndi nthaka yosankhidwa bwino yokha yomwe mizu ingapangidwe bwino. Chakudya cha chomeracho chimadalira nthaka yosakaniza. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi mawonekedwe awo ndipo imafunikira njira yoyandikira nthaka.

Mizu ya chomeracho ndi yofooka, yovuta kwambiri kuzinyontho mopitirira muyeso m'nthaka. Begonias amafuna gawo lotayirira la michere., Oyenera kutulutsa mpweya ndi chinyezi. Zomwe nthaka imagwira ndizocheperako pang'ono, mulingo wa pH uyenera kukhala pakati pa 5.5 mpaka 6.5. Mutha kugula dothi lapadera lokonzekera kapena kupanga mosakanikirana ndi dothi lokhala ndi masamba, peat, mchenga ndi manyowa.

Chenjezo! Nthaka ya masamba siyenera kukhala ndi ma tannins. Zinthu izi zimapezeka m'masamba a msondodzi ndi thundu.

Pakutuluka kwa chinyezi chowonjezera, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande: dothi lokulitsa kapena miyala yoyera.

Kusakaniza bwino

Ndi malo ati omwe amafunikira kubzala? Njira yabwino kwambiri ya begonias ndi chisakanizo chomwe chimaphatikizapo izi:

• nthaka yamasamba - magawo awiri;
• peat - magawo awiri;
• mchenga - gawo limodzi;
• manyowa - gawo limodzi.

Kuti dothi likhale lotayirira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito vermiculite, fiber ya kokonati, perlite ndi zina zotayika. Lime kapena ufa wa dolomite amachepetsa acidity wa nthaka... Musanakonze nthaka kunyumba, yesani dothi, chotsani zikuluzikulu zazikulu.

Nthaka yamasamba yotengedwa paki, nkhalango kapena dimba imatha kukhala ndi tizilombo tomwe timakhala tangozi pamitengo yomwe itha kubweretsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Nthaka iyenera kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: calcined mu uvuni kapena yotenthedwa ndi madzi otentha. Dongo kapena miyala yolandidwa iyenera kuikidwa pansi pa mphika ⅓ kutalika kwake.

Kukonzekera kubzala - kusankha mphika

Podzala, muyenera kukonzekera mphika woyenera wa begonias. Zidutswa zomwe zayamba kale kuzika zimakhala m'mitsuko yokhala ndi masentimita 5-6. Pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mbewuzo zimaikidwa m'miphika yamaluwa 8-10 masentimita kukula kwake. Kukula kwake kumatsimikizika kutengera kukula kwa mizu yomwe ikukula kwambiri. Begonias amakonda zotengera zing'onozing'ono, masentimita 3-4 kukula kwake kuposa mizu.

M'miphika yayikulu kwambiri, pambuyo pake amapanga masamba... Kuphatikiza apo, pali chiopsezo cha mizu yowola kuchokera ku chinyezi chowonjezera. Kukula kwa chidebecho kuyenera kupitirira pang'ono kutalika kwake. Chofunikira ndikupezeka kwa ngalande pansi pamphika.

Zinthu zabwino kwambiri pamphika wamaluwa ndizoumba. Poto wotere amateteza kuti madzi asadutse, amakhala ndi zotenthetsera zabwino, komanso amasinthana ndi mpweya. Kugwiritsa ntchito chidebe cha pulasitiki ndikololedwa. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kupereka gawo loyenera, kukonza ma drainage abwino ndikupewa kutentha thupi kapena kutentha kwambiri.

Poto wamaluwa wa ceramic ayenera kutsukidwa bwino, ndikuviika m'madzi kwa tsiku limodzi ndikuchiritsidwa ndi madzi otentha. Pulasitiki - ingosambani ndi scald.

Momwe mungasinthire?

Nthawi yabwino yokhazikitsira begonia ndikumayambiriro kwa masika, nyengo ya kukula isanayambe. Pakadali pano, chomeracho chimalekerera njirayi mosavuta komanso ndikosavuta kuchira. Kuthira kwa begonia kumachitika mizu ikayamba kupanikizika mumphika ndipo imayamba kuwonekera kuchokera kumabowo osungira madzi.

Kuika kumatha kukhala kokwanira kapena pang'ono. Kuika kwathunthu kumafunika mutapeza chomera chatsopano, komanso pamene begonia imakhudzidwa ndi matenda kapena tizirombo. Kufufuza:

1. Konzani mphika.
2. Ikani dothi lokulirapo pansi pa mphika.
3. Gawani makala ang'onoang'ono kuti muteteze mizu kuti isavunde.
4. Phimbani ngalandeyo ndi masentimita awiri.
5. Madzi bwino begonia.
6. Dikirani ola limodzi. Ndiye mosamala chotsani chomeracho mumphika.
7. Gwedezani pang'onopang'ono mizu kuchokera kudziko lakale, yang'anani.
8. Sungani mizu mu yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, mtundu womwe uyenera kukhala wowala pinki.
9. Tsukani mizu mosamala ndi madzi okhazikika.
10. Yendetsani mizu, dulani malo owonongeka ndi owola.
11. Ikani begonia mumphika watsopano.
12. Phimbani mizu ndi dothi lokonzedwa. Mzu wa mizu sayenera kukhala wakuya kwambiri. Ndikofunika kulola mizu kuti iume, pokhapokha itadzaza ndi dothi.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikize gawo lapansi; mutatha kuthirira, dothi lidzakhazikika lokha lokha. Ngati kumtunda kwa mizu ikuwululidwa, muyenera kuwonjezera nthaka yaying'ono.

Upangiri! M'masiku 30 oyamba mutabzala, begonia imayenera kuthiriridwa komanso kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.

Kuyika begonia wathanzi mumphika wokulirapo kumachitika modekha. Kuika pang'ono kumachitika:

1. Chotsani begonia mumphika wakale wamaluwa.
2. Ikani chomeracho pamodzi ndi dothi laphika mumphika watsopano, ndikudzaza malo opanda kanthu ndi nthaka yatsopano.

Zomera zazing'ono zimavomereza njirayi bwino. Kuyika zitsanzo za akulu kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chakupezeka kwamasamba ambiri osalimba. Zomera zomwe zafika zaka zitatu zagawika magawo angapo.

Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa

Begonia amakonda madzi. Mukamwetsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo awa:

• Pothirira, madzi otentha omwe amakhala masana amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Makina oyendetsa ngalande ayenera kulinganizidwa pansi pa mphika wamaluwa.
• Kutentha kumafunika nthaka ikauma mpaka 1.5 masentimita.
• Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Novembala mpaka Marichi, amafunika kuchepetsa kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata. Mitundu ya Tuberous imalowa mu dormancy ndipo imapezeka mu peat, kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kwathunthu.
• Kuyambira March, mphamvu ya chinyezi ikukula pang'onopang'ono.
• M'chilimwe, ndikofunikira kutsitsa nthaka kuti madzi ochulukirapo atuluke kudzera mu ngalande. Pakapita kanthawi, tulutsani chinyezi chotsalacho. Kuchuluka kwa njirayi kawiri pa sabata.
• Kutentha kwambiri, kuthirira tsiku lililonse kumafunika.
• Kuyambira Okutobala ndikofunikira kuthirira pamene dothi lapamwamba liuma.
• Ndikofunika kupewa chinyezi chomwe chimangoyambitsa mizu.

Zofunika! Mitundu yambiri samalekerera kulowa kwa madzi pa thunthu ndi masamba nthawi yopopera ndi kuthirira.

Kuyambira pomwe masamba oyamba amawonekera pa begonias, ndikofunikira kuyamba kudya. Posankha feteleza, ganizirani mtundu wa chomera... Deconous begonias amakonda ma nitrogeni othandizira monga:

1. Kemir: sungani theka la phukusili mu malita 10 amadzi.
2. Kukula kwa uniflor: Sungunulani mamililita 5 a mankhwala mu 2 malita amadzi.
3. Agricol: Sungani magalamu 5 azogulitsa m'malita awiri amadzi.

Mitundu yamaluwa imafunikira feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorus kuti apititse patsogolo maluwa. Zovala zapamwamba monga Bud, Ovary, mungu, thanzi ndizoyenera. Ndalama zimasungunuka mu 1-2 magalamu pa lita imodzi ya madzi.

Feteleza amawonjezeredwa m'nthaka nthawi yamaluwa kamodzi masiku khumi ndi asanu. Chomera chikangoyamba kuphulika, kudyetsa kuyenera kuyimitsidwa. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chagona, palibe feteleza amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mukamakula begonias, malamulo ena ayenera kutsatiridwa. Ndikofunika kupanga nthaka yopanda thanzi, kupanga ngalande zabwino, kusankha mphika woyenera, ndikukonzekera njira yoyenera yothirira ndi kudyetsa. Njira zonsezi zithandizira kusunga thanzi ndi kukongola kwa begonias.