Kodi ndi khungwa lamtundu wanji lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ma orchid ndipo mungakonzekere bwanji?
Maluwa a maluwa ndi okhazikika, ndipo malamulo angapo amayenera kutsatidwa posamalira. Ndikofunika kukula duwa pa gawo lapadera, gawo lalikulu lomwe ndi khungwa. Mutha kugula zokonzeka kuchokera kwa wopanga kapena kuyamba kuphika nokha.
Munkhaniyi tikambirana zomwe khungwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito, phindu lomwe limabweretsa maluwa, omwe amafunikira komanso oyenera banja ili lazomera, momwe mungadzipangire nokha ndi manja anu, komanso zina zofunikira.
Ndi chiyani icho?
Makungwawo ndi dzina lodziwika bwino lakusonkhanitsa minofu yomwe ili kunja kwa cambium. Amapezeka muziphuphu komanso mizu. Makungwawo amakhala ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana komanso magwero osiyanasiyana.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yanji?
Kumtchire, ma orchid amakula m'nkhalango zamvula, atakhazikika pamitengo yokhala ndi mizu yabwino. Chifukwa chake, pakukula duwa kunyumba, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito makungwa ngati dothi. Ndiyamika kwa iye, chomeracho chimalandira zinthu zonse zofunika pakukula kwathunthu ndi chitukuko.
Pindulani
Malangizo! Makungwa a Orchid amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza gawo lokhala ndi thanzi.
Chifukwa cha iye, dothi ndi lotayirira, mpweya ndi madzi opumira. Chifukwa cha zigawo zikuluzikulu, makungwawo ndi feteleza wabwino. Izi zimathandizira pakukula, kukula kwa orchid, komanso kumalimbikitsa maluwa obiriwira komanso okhalitsa.
Ndi iti yomwe ikufunika komanso yoyenera banja labzomera?
Kodi ndi khungwa liti la mtengo lomwe lili loyenera kwambiri ndipo ndi liti lomwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ma orchid? Pofuna kukulitsa ma orchid, makungwa a paini ndi spruce amafunikira makamaka. Koma makungwa a cypress, mkungudza ndi thuja sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, chifukwa amawonongeka pang'onopang'ono. Komanso, khungwa loyenera ndiloyenera kubzala maluwa, koma siwapafupi kupeza: m'chilengedwe, sizovuta kupeza mitengo yaziphuphu yomwe ili ndi khungwa losenda.
Mukamakolola makungwa, simuyenera kutenga mitengo yovunda, chifukwa zoterezi zimakhala zosiyana pang'ono. Imaphwanyidwa mwachangu ndipo pakhoza kukhala tizirombo tambiri mmenemo. Ndi gulu liti lomwe limafunikira khungwa? Mukamakula ma orchids m'nyumba, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito khungwa losalala.
DIY kapena sitolo kugula?
Sizingatheke kuyankha funsoli mosasunthika. Kumbali imodzi, ndi bwino kugula zinthu zopangidwa kale. Monga lamulo, gawo lokonzeka kale likugulitsidwa, lomwe lili ndi makungwa ndi zinthu zina zothandiza. Chifukwa chake, mutha kusunga nthawi yokonza, kukonzekera ndikukonzekera gawo lapansi.
Mbali inayi, ndi bwino kuyamba kuphika khungwa wekha. Ndiye florist adzakhala otsimikiza kwathunthu za mtundu wake. Ndi njira yachiwiri yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupatula apo, ndi bwino kukhala ndi kanthawi pang'ono kuti musangalale ndi kukongola kwa duwa.
Ngati pali nkhalango kapena paki pafupi ndi nyumbayo, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chogulira makungwa, chifukwa pali mwayi wosakolola nokha. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kulumikizana ndi ogwira ntchito zamatabwa amzindawu kuti mudziwe ngati ali ndi zotayira ngati makungwa a paini. Chovuta kwambiri ndi ulendo wopita kunja kwa tawuni, komwe mutha kuphatikiza bizinesi ndi chisangalalo - kupumula ndikukonzekera zopangira.
Opanga otchuka
Seramis
Zovutazi zilibe makungwa okha, komanso dothi, feteleza ndi chinyezi... Chifukwa cha zinthu zosankhidwa mosamala, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizocho pobzala ma orchid m'malo omwe ndizovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mbewu. Seramis amakhala ndi moyo wautali (pafupifupi zaka 10). Sichiyenera kusinthidwa, kuchepetsedwa kapena manyowa.
Zolembedwazo sizimatha kupindika komanso zimakhala zosasunthika, mosasamala kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mikhalidwe. Phindu la khungwa ndiloti limadzaza ndi madzi ndikuwasamutsira maluwa. Izi zimathandiza kukhalabe ndi malire omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa ma orchids.
Bio zotsatira
Gawo lapansi lokonzekera ndi limodzi mwazofala kwambiri. Pakukula kwake, zidapangidwa zokha zokha. Chofunika kwambiri chimakhalabe khungwa la Angara pine. Izi zimalola kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la orchid lomwe limapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wokwanira.
Zopangira zimakonzedweratu ndikuumitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Chifukwa cha dolomite yomwe ikubwera, kuchuluka kwa asidi m'nthaka kumakhala kwachilendo. Kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumapangitsa kuti maluwawo apulumuke, kumawonjezera chitetezo chake.
Kusakaniza Kwachifumu
Kusakaniza kumeneku kumachokera ku khungwa losalala lomwe lakhala likuyambiranso kutentha. Zipangizo za kokonati, makala ndi peat wonyezimira amawonjezerapo.
Komanso, zinthuzi zimadzaza ndi magnesium, iron ndi zinc. Chifukwa cha zida za zinthu zonse, ma microclimate a orchid azikhala abwinobwino nthawi zonse.
Chifukwa cha kusakhazikika, ndikotheka kupewa madzi, komanso Kutchinjiriza kwa matenthedwe kumakhala ndi bata lokhazikika... Kukhalapo kwa malasha kumathandiza kuteteza duwa ku matenda ndi bowa.
Kodi zimakonzedwa bwanji popanga?
Popanga, kukonza khungwa kumaphatikizaponso njira monga kuphweta. Iyi ndi njira yomwe mchenga ndi ma inclusions osiyanasiyana amachotsedwa pakhunguyo. Debarking imachitika pamakina a OK-66M ndi OK63-1. Makungwa omwe amapezeka atathyoledwa amawerengedwa kuti ndi abwino, odulidwa komanso abwino.
Momwe mungakonzekerere?
Zida zofunikira
Momwe mungaphike Mwachitsanzo, makungwa a paini kunyumba? Kuti mukonze khungwa la paini nokha, mufunika kufufuza izi:
- jamb mpeni - ndibwino kutenga mipeni iwiri: imodzi yokhala ndi chogwirira chachifupi, ndipo yachiwiri ndi yayitali;
- matabwa spatula ndi m'mbali sanali lakuthwa;
- twine kuti umange khungwa.
Momwe mungakonzekerere zakuthupi?
Poterepa, pali malamulo ena osonkhanitsira:
- Zidutswa za makungwa siziyenera kukhala ndi malo amdima komanso amakala.
- Makungwawo ayenera kukhala owuma momwe angathere.
- Mukamasonkhanitsa zinthu ku mbiya yaikulu, ndi bwino kuichotsa pamwamba.
- Musanatengere khungwa kupita nalo kunyumba, ligwetseni pansi. Izi zichotsa tizilombo tamoyo.
Chenjezo! Makungwawo ayenera kukhala opanda tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Ngati alipo, ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Kudula zidutswa
Pokonzekera khungwa la gawo lapansi, pamafunika kupera koyambirira.... Ndondomeko:
Tengani chidutswa chachikulu cha khungwa, chomwe chidatsukidwa kale ndi fumbi.
- Chotsani kachigawo kakang'ono kuchokera mkati mwa khungwalo.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito secateurs, dulani nkhanizo mzidutswa za kukula kofunikira ndi ukadaulo.
- Chotsani chosanjikiza chomwe chimasenda mosavuta. Dulani makungwa owola ndi secateurs.
- Onetsetsani khungwa mosamala ndikuyeretsa malo onse okhudzidwa ndi tizilombo.
- Dulani zopangidwazo mu cubes mpaka masentimita 2. Mukamachepetsa khungwa, ngakhale cubes zoyera sizipezeka nthawi zonse, koma izi sizimakhudza kukula ndi chitukuko cha orchid.
- Slicing imatha ndikusanja.
Konzani kuwira
Kukula kwa khungwa kumachitika ndikuwotcha kuti athane nayo. Mwanjira imeneyi, sizachilombo zokhazokha zomwe zingathe kuchotsedwa, komanso zotsalira za utomoni. Chidebe chokulirapo chimafunika pazochitikazi. Ndondomeko:
- Ikani zidutswa pansi pa ndowa ndikutsanulira madzi ozizira (10 l).
- Pakutentha, khungwalo limayandama. Pofuna kupewa izi, kanikizani pansi ndi mwala kapena njerwa.
- Kodi mufunika kuphika zochuluka motani pakhungu la paini kapena la spruce chonchi? Kuwira kumatenga ola limodzi.
- Nthawi ikadutsa, chotsani ndowa pamoto ndipo dikirani mpaka madzi atakhazikika.
- Tsanulirani madzi kudzera mu colander ndikudikirira mpaka khungwalo lituluke bwino.
Kuyanika kwamphamvu
Kuyanika makungwa kuyenera kuchitika mwachilengedwe. Ikani pouma ndikusiya masabata 3-4. Mutha kuwona kuwuma kwa zinthuzo mwa kuziphwanya. Ngati khungwalo lauma mkati, lekani kuti ligone kwa tsiku lina pamalo amphepo.
Kuwonjezera zina zowonjezera
Popanga gawo lapansi la michere, zinthu zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- khungwa la mtengo;
- sphagnum chithaphwi moss;
- peat;
- makala.
Zida zonse zotchulidwa ziyenera kutengedwa mofanana. Sakanizani bwino ndipo fomuyi ndi yokonzeka. Musanayiike mumphika wamaluwa, pamafunika kuyika ngalandeyo pansi. Gawo lotsatirali limakhala ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri, limasunga chinyezi ndipo ndiloyenera kumera maluwa okongola okongola.
Chenjezo! Mutha kusunga dothi lokhala ndi makungwa m'matumba apulasitiki. Osangowaphimba mwamphamvu, apo ayi mpweya ungasokonezeke.
Momwe mungamere?
Ntchito zokonzekera
Kuti mukhale ndi maluwa obzala bwino, ndikofunikira kukonzekera zida ndi zida zotsatirazi:
- Mphika. Iyenera kukhala yowonekera bwino komanso yokwanira. Pewani mankhwala ndi madzi otentha kapena yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
- Mpeni wakuthwa wam'munda.
- Nthaka yokonzeka. Thirani mankhwala ndikuumitsa.
- Dothi lokulitsidwa kapena miyala yoyera yazitsulo.
- Yoyambitsa mpweya wodula mizu.
- Njira yothetsera tizilombo pochiza mizu ya majeremusi.
Kuyendera mizu
Mizu ikachotsedwa mumphika wakale, itsukeni bwino pansi pamadzi. Mukatsuka, yang'anani mizu ya tizilombo, zowola ndi zina. Chotsani mizu youma ndi yovunda ndi secateurs.
Malo onse odulidwa ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mpweya wa carbon asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati zotsalira za majeremusi zidapezeka pamizu, ndiye zilowerereni mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo kwa theka la ola, kenako ziume ndi thaulo lofewa. Zotsatira za zomwe zachitidwa zidzakhala zotanuka zobiriwira kapena mizu yobiriwira.
Kudzala chomera mumphika
Ntchito zofikira zimachitika malinga ndi dongosolo ili:
- Ikani ngalande mu mphika wopanda mankhwala. Kutalika kwake ndi 2-2.5 cm.
- Onjezani gawo latsopano pamwamba pa kuda.
- Ikani maluwa orchid m'chidebe, konzani mizu yake wogawana voliyumu yonse. Pansi pa orchid ayenera kupezeka masentimita 1-1.5 pansi pamphepete mwa mphika.
- Ikani chithandizo cha peduncle panthawiyi, gawo lapansi lisanadzaze. Izi zidzateteza kupwetekedwa kwa mizu. Ikani chithandizo pafupi ndi tsinde la duwa.
- Onjezani nthaka pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono mugwedeze mphikawo. Ndiye makungwawo amadzaza malo pakati pa mizu.
Mavuto ndi zovuta pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi
Mukamabzala ma orchids mu khungwa, mavuto samabwera kawirikawiri. Nthawi zambiri, amawoneka atabzala zochitika komanso chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino.
Mwachitsanzo, kuwola kwa mizu ndi limodzi mwamavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake chachikulu ndi chinyezi chowonjezera. Olima maluwa amayenera kuteteza kuthirira ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi okhazikika.
Nthawi zambiri, mawanga achikasu amapangidwa pamasamba a orchid. Chifukwa chachikulu cha chitukuko chawo ndi kulowa kwa dzuwa. Chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuyika maluwawo pazenera, pomwe mawindo awo amayang'ana kum'mawa. Ngati simuthira mankhwala mumphika ndi gawo lapansi, ndiye kuti posachedwa kukula, maluwa ake amasiya, ndipo orchid imazimiririka pang'onopang'ono.
Makungwa akamera maluwa a orchid ndizofunikira. Gawo lapansi lokonzekera pamaziko ake limakhala ndi michere, limasunga madzi bwino ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa duwa. Ntchito ya wamaluwa imabweretsa kusankha bwino khungwa la paini kapena spruce ndikukonzekera bwino kwambiri asanabzale maluwa.