Gawo lirilonse malangizo othandizira kuswana begonias ndi tsamba kunyumba. Malangizo odziwa ntchito zamaluwa

Kuchita maluwa, nthawi zambiri timaganizira za kupitiliza kwa banja lathu lokondedwa. Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kuswana.

Yakwana nthawi yoti mulankhule za kuswana kwa begonias, kapena kani, za njira yosangalatsa kwambiri yoswana, pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba.

Tijambula malangizo mwatsatanetsatane ndikubwereza malamulo akusamalira begonia. Mupezanso upangiri wonse woyenera kuchokera kwa omwe adziwa ntchito zamaluwa. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mumvetsere, ndiye chomeracho chidzakusangalatsani ndi kukongola kwake kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kufotokozera kwakunja

Begonia ndi mtundu wamtundu wa banja la begonia... Dziko lakwawo - nkhalango zotentha m'mapiri a South America, India, ndi West Africa. Kwa zaka zopitilira 3, begonias adalimidwa m'minda ndi m'nyumba pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. Silikulu, koma chomera chokongoletsa kwambiri chimakhala ndi mitundu yopitilira 1000. Pakati pawo pali mitundu yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwachilendo kwa masamba, ndi mitundu ya maluwa.

Malangizo! Chomeracho ndi chomera, tchire ndilotsika. Zimayambira ndi yowutsa mudyo, mnofu. Masambawo ndi osalongosoka, monga mtima wosakanikirana, kapena blob yosandulika. Pali timapepala ta masamba ozungulira okhala ndi mafunde m'mphepete mwake, ofanana ndi mapulo.

Mumitundu yazokongoletsa masamba, masamba amatha kukhala amithunzi yodabwitsa kwambiri, yokhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola. Mitundu yamaluwa imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, osavuta komanso ovuta okhala ndi utoto woyera, wachikaso, pinki, wofiira, utoto wofiirira. Begonias amamasula kwambiri komanso kwanthawi yayitali, pomwe amakondana ndi omwe amalima maluwa padziko lonse lapansi.

Momwe mungafalikire kunyumba: njira

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomerazi nthawi zina zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti uziwoneka bwino. Komabe, pankhani ya begonia, vutoli limathetsedwa, chifukwa limatha kuberekana m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

1. Mbewu... Mutha kuzigula, kapena kugula nokha. Chifukwa cha ntchito yayitali komanso yosangalatsa, chomera chatsopano chingapezeke. Zowona, zina zamitundu ingakhale zikusowa. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za momwe mungabzalidwe ndikukula begonia kuchokera ku mbewu zapakhomo pano.
2. Pogawa mizu... Muzu wa tuber ungadulidwe ngati pali zochulukirapo zingapo. Izi zimachitika mwina mchaka kapena nthawi yophukira. Muzu wopanda tuberous amathanso kugawidwa bwino nthawi yopatsa.
3. Mwa kudula... Mutha kutenga phesi la tsamba, kapena kudula pamwamba pa mphukira. Njirayi ndi yosavuta komanso yachangu kwambiri. Ikuthandizani kuti mupeze mitundu yosakanikirana yamtundu wosasintha. Zambiri pazakufalitsa kwa begonias ndi cuttings kunyumba zitha kupezeka munkhaniyi.
4. Pepala, kapena chidutswa cha pepala... Ngakhale tsamba lomwe limapezeka pamwambowu limatha kukupatsa begonia wokongola. Tiyeni tikambirane za njirayi mwatsatanetsatane.

Zapadera za kuswana kwa masamba

Njirayi ili ndi mbali zake zosangalatsa.:

• Sikuti begonia iliyonse imatha kubereka kudzera muzu la masamba.
• Pachifukwa ichi, zitsanzo zamasamba wandiweyani, kumbuyo kwake komwe kuli fluff, ndizoyenera.
• Ma begonias ochulukirapo nawonso amafalitsa masamba.
• Ma begonias okwana 10 amatha kulimidwa kuchokera patsamba limodzi lalikulu.
• Ngakhale njira yosavutayi imaphatikizaponso mitundu itatu yosiyana: kupeza mizu m'madzi, kuzika tsamba lonse pansi, kugawa mbale yazidutswa.

Chithunzi

Yang'anani chithunzichi polima pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono m'njira zitatu: kupeza mizu m'madzi, kuzika tsamba lonse pansi, kugawa mbale ya masamba mu zidutswa:

Maphunziro

Pofalitsa begonias, m'pofunika kukonzekera kubzala ndi nthaka yobzala.

Kalata

Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera tsamba lalikulu la begonia... Ayenera kukhala wowoneka bwino, wopanda kuwonongeka kapena matenda. Kenako mutha kuzisiya zili bwino, kapena kuzidula. Chidutswa chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi gawo la mtsempha wapakati.

Upangiri! Ndikofunika kudula ndi chinthu chakuthwa kwambiri. Ngati kulekanitsidwa kwa mbaleyo sikunakonzekeredwe, mutha kuyika tsamba m'madzi mpaka mizu iwonekere. Malo omwe petiole anali. Pre-sungunulani pulogalamu ya kaboni m'madzi.

Nthaka

Pofuna kukhazikitsa tsamba la tsamba, dothi lolowetsa chinyezi lopanda phokoso lomwe silimalowerera ndale komanso lotsika kwambiri limafunikira. Kuti mupeze nthaka yokhala ndi mawonekedwe otere, ndikwanira kusakaniza peat ndi mchenga chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa chiyani mukugwiritsa ntchito chisakanizocho, osati dziko wamba:

1. Mchenga salola kuti chinyezi chizikhala pamtunda, umathandizira kuti ugawidwe.
2. Peat ndimalo opangira m'malo mwa nthaka yachonde, yomwe mwa iyo yokha imalimbikitsa masamba owola kugwera pamenepo.
3. Nthaka yotere imapuma bwino, kotero kuzika mizu kumachitika bwino mmenemo.

Nthaka yoyika mizu iyenera kutentha komanso kutentha... Zambiri sizikufunika, 80-100 ml ndikwanira. Musanadzalemo, m'pofunika kuthira mankhwala osakaniza ndi nthaka potaziyamu permanganate, kapena mwachangu mu uvuni. Mutha kuzizira nthaka kwa masiku angapo. Mutha kudziwa zambiri za nthaka ya begonias ndi malo oyenera kubzala pano.

Kufika

Kutengera njira yomwe yasankhidwa, kubzala kumachitika motere:

1. Kuyika mizu m'madzi... Ngati mphukira zazing'ono zakula bwino pamasamba, ndiye kuti nkofunika kuzisunthira pansi, kukonkha mizu. Ndikofunika kupondereza nthaka kuti mmera usagwe.
2. Kuyika tsamba lonse pansi... Mutha kuyika chinsalucho pansi pomwe panali kulumikizana ndi chogwirira. Kapena ikani chinsalucho pansi. Choyamba muyenera kudula pamitsempha yayikulu yamasamba. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti tsamba likulimba bwino, mwachitsanzo, pofalitsa miyala yaying'ono pafupi ndi mabalawo.
3. Kuyika zidutswa za tsamba... Chidutswa chilichonse cha pepala chimalumikizidwa pansi ndi chidebe chosemedwa. Mutha kungofutukula ndikusindikiza momwemo 2.

Njira zilizonse zomwe zatchulidwazi ziyenera kumalizidwa ndikupanga mawonekedwe owonjezera kutentha. Kuti muchite izi, tsekani chidebecho ndi kanema wowonekera. Ikani mbande zomalizidwa pamalo otentha, padzuwa. Nthaka ikauma, perekani ndi botolo la utsi. Pambuyo pa masamba atsopano, muyenera kuzolowera ma begonias achichepere kwa mpweya wabwino, kuwulutsa wowonjezera kutentha motalikirapo, kufikira mutachichotsa.

Kusankha mphika wa chomera

Zinatenga pafupifupi miyezi 2-3, chomeracho chidazika mizu ndikupatsa mphukira zamphamvu. Mutha kuyamba kuyika mbewu kuti mukakhazikike. Kodi mphika uyenera kukhala uti?:

• Zing'onozing'ono, m'mabanja oyamba, mphamvu ya 500-700 ml ndiyokwanira.
• Zinthu zomwe mphikawo umapangidwa sizofunikira kwenikweni, begonias amamva bwino mumakina wamba apulasitiki.
• Pansi pake pali mabowo olowera ngalande.
• Mphika sayenera kukhala wopapatiza komanso wokwera, koma mosemphanitsa.

Zofunikira zapansi

Pokhala malo okhazikika, begonias amafunikira nthaka yachonde yosalowerera ndale komanso dongosolo labwino. Kuti mupange dothi loterolo panokha, muyenera kusakaniza nthaka yachitsulo, tsamba la masamba, peat ndi mchenga wabwino moyenerera 2: 1: 1: 1. Mutha kugula nthaka mu sitolo ngati mulibe nthaka yapadera, Yoyenera konsekonse kwa maluwa.

Zofunika! Musaiwale zazitsulo zosanjikiza pansi pa mphika.

Kodi kukula?

Chisamaliro

Timapatsa chomeracho zinthu zofunikira:

1. Kutentha mkati kutentha. Chidziwitso pazosintha mwadzidzidzi ndi zojambula.
2. Chinyezi chimakhala pamwamba pang'ono. Ndizosatheka kupopera mbewu pa chomeracho, koma mutha kupukusa mpweya mozungulira, kapena kuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupi nacho.
3. Kuunikira ndikotalika komanso kwokwanira. Pazenera lakumwera, begonias adzamva bwino mchaka, koma nthawi yotentha, nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndibwino kuyika chomeracho m'malo owunikira pang'ono. Ngati izi sizingatheke, muyenera kuganizira zowunikira zowonjezerapo ndi nyali yapadera.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira mbewu zazing'ono ziyenera kuchitika munthawi yake komanso mosamala kwambiri.... Kupanda kutero, mutha kuwawononga. Madzi ayenera kukhala osachepera kutentha kapena kutentha kwa madigiri 2-3. Iyenera kukhala yofewa komanso yolimba. Kuthirira begonias achichepere kumatha kuchitika ndi jakisoni kapena supuni.

Simungafike pa mphukira zazing'ono. Chomera chachikulire chomwe chakula kale mizu chimathiriridwa bwino kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito sump. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa pang'ono, madzi ochulukirapo amawopseza kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana.

Timawona njira zina zosamalirira:

• Masabata angapo mutabzala mumphika, mutha kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamafuta pafupipafupi. Ma Complexes ndioyenera kuyimira maluwa. Izi ziyenera kuchitika 2-3 pamwezi.
• Timapatsa begonias nthawi yopuma m'nyengo yozizira.
• Chaka chilichonse timayika ma begonias mumphika wokulirapo ndikusintha nthaka.

Mapeto

Kupeza begonia kuchokera patsamba laopereka ndikosavuta... Kuphatikiza apo, njirayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwake komanso zotsatira zake mwachangu. Mu kanthawi kochepa, mutha kupeza gulu lankhondo la achinyamata begonias. Ine ndikukhumba inu rooting oyambirira!

Onerani kanemayo: NDAKOMZEKA- Manfred Jede (June 2024).