Chidule cha Matenda a Gloxinia okhala ndi Zithunzi ndi Chithandizo

Gloxinia ndi chomera chosakhwima chodzikongoletsa chokhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso ataliatali. Koma matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toononga titha kuwononga mawonekedwe a maluwawo kapena kufa.

Izi zitha kupewedwa ngati mukudziwa matenda ofala kwambiri ndikuyesetsa kwambiri kupewa.

M'nkhaniyi, tiona chifukwa chake gloxinia imafota ndikuuma, komanso matenda ena komanso momwe mungabwezeretsere moyo. Onaninso kanema wothandiza komanso wophunzitsa pamutuwu.

Zomera

Gloxinia - chikhalidwe chochititsa chidwi chofalikira m'nyumba... Chodziwika bwino chake chiri pachimake chobiriwira, ndipo mosamala mosamala komanso mikhalidwe yabwino, mpaka maluwa 15-20 amatha kupanga maluwa amodzi. Gloxinia ndi mbeu yosatha yomwe imapezeka ku Brazil. Makulidwe ake ndi ochepa: kutalika kwa chomera chachikulu ndi 15-30 cm.

Pamakalata. Gloxinia tubers amakhala zaka 3-4, koma akamakalamba, maluwawo amakhala ocheperako.

Masamba amafika kutalika kwa 15-25 cm, chowulungika, chodzaza ndi fluff, ndi m'mbali mwa scalloped, rosette. Gloxinia imamasula kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti. Pazitali zazitali, maluwa akuluakulu, "galamafoni" amapangidwa. Mzere wawo ndi masentimita 10. Mtunduwo ukhoza kukhala pinki, wofiirira, woyera.

Matenda a fungal ndi njira zawo zochiritsira

Pansipa tikambirana za matenda akulu a fungal omwe amakhudza pelargonium, komanso zomwe ndi momwe tingachitire kuti tithandizire.

Choipitsa cham'mbuyo

Ichi ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri, chifukwa sichitha. Choipitsa cham'mbuyo chimayamba chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri komanso kudumpha kutentha kwa madigiri 9-20. Kwa vuto lakumapeto, zizindikiro zotsatirazi ndizodziwika:

• kufota kwachomera konse;
• mapangidwe a mawanga abulauni pamasamba;
• pachimake choyera mkati mwa pepala.

Kukula kwa matenda kumapezeka paliponse ndipo kumafalikira mwachangu. Chitsamba chomwe chakhudzidwa sichitha kuchiritsidwa; chimachotsedwa pamodzi ndi nthaka. Kwa prophylaxis, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwalawa kumachitika: Kuprozan ndi Teneb (40 g pa 10 malita a madzi).

Powdery mildew

Chenjezo! Matendawa amapangidwa motsutsana ndi chinyezi komanso kutentha.

Kwa iye, mapangidwe a kangaude woyera ndichikhalidwe. Kutenga kumatha kuchitika kudzera m'nthaka kapena kusanja. Chotsani zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi mbeu, ndikuchiza duwa lokha ndi fungicides:

1. Bayleton.
2. Koma.
3. Quadris.
4. Rajok.
5. Kuthamanga
6. Kupendekeka.

Downy mildew

izo matenda a fungal amakhudza kumtunda kwa chomeracho. Masamba odwala makwinya, ayamba kupiringa mu chubu (mutha kuwerenga za matenda ena a masamba a gloxinia apa). Tsamba la petiole likawonongeka, limauma ndi kutha. Mawanga osadziwika amapanga kunja kwa masamba. Zitha kukhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• wachikasu;
• bulauni bulauni;
• zofiirira.

Kukula kwa matendawa kumatengera zifukwa izi:

• kutentha kwapansi usiku;
• nthaka yolemera kwambiri;
• chinyezi chachikulu.

Pali njira zingapo zochizira maluwa.:

1. Chithandizo ndi mankhwala okhala ndi mkuwa:
   • Thanos;
   • Topazi;
   • Vectra.
2. Poyamba zipatso, perekani mbewu ndi Gamair (pakadutsa masiku 15).
3. Kukonza ndi mkaka wa ayodini. Phatikizani lita imodzi ya mkaka wopanda mafuta ndi 9-10 malita amadzi, onjezerani madontho 10-14 a ayodini 5%.
4. Kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa. Thirani phulusa 200 g ndi 3 malita a madzi otentha. Bweretsani kuchuluka kwa madzi mpaka malita 10, kusefa ndikusintha mbewuzo.

Mpweya

Kutchulidwa. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupanga mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono a bulauni. Choyamba, amapatsira masamba, ndikusunthira ku zimayambira ndi masamba.

Matendawa amadziwika ndi kufalikira mwachangu, chotsani chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa.

Pofuna kupewa, tengani maluwa ndi mankhwala awa:

• mkuwa oxychloride;
• Chikho;
• Oxyhom.

Ascochitosis

Matendawa amaphatikizidwa ndi mawanga ofiira kapena ofiira pamasamba, ndipo m'mphepete mwake amakhala ndi edging yakuda. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mchipinda. Ascochitis ndi matenda owopsa... Masamba onse okhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa.

Kuti mupulumutse chomeracho, chitani ndi mkuwa sulphate kapena mankhwala monga Vectra, Adiga-peak. Bwerezani mankhwala pambuyo pa masiku 7-10.

Matendawa

Matenda a fungal amapezeka motsutsana ndi chinyezi chambiri, kuyatsa kosakwanira komanso kulumikizana kwakutali ndi madzi. Madontho amapanga masamba omwe amawoneka ngati dzimbiri. Tsinde, masamba ndi masamba amafota ndi kuuma msanga. Chithandizo chimachokera pakugwiritsa ntchito fungicides: Maneb, Benomil.

Phylostictosis

Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha chinyezi chachikulu. Mawanga akuda amapangidwa pamasamba, ofiira pakati.

Matendawa akamakula, misozi imawonjezeredwa pamadontho. Zizindikiro zoyamba zikapezeka, muyenera kuyanika.

Kenako chitani mankhwalawa ndi mankhwalawa:

• Madzi a Bordeaux;
• Mpweya wabwino;
• Sulphate yamkuwa.

Fusarium

Zimachitika chifukwa cha kuthirira kosayenera ndi nthaka yonyansa. Masamba a chomera amafota ndi kupiringa, amakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira. Ming'alu ndi mikwingwirima yakuda imawonekera pa mphukira.

Chithandizo chili ndi izi:

1. Kusintha kwa nthaka.
2. Muzimutsuka tubers ndi mizu yothetsera potaziyamu permanganate (5 g wa potaziyamu permanganate pa madzi okwanira 1 litre).
3. Sakani maluwawo mu gawo latsopano. Iyenera kukhala yopepuka komanso yopatsa thanzi (werengani za momwe mungasinthire bwino maluwa pano)
4. Chitani ndi fungicide.

Wowola wofiirira

Kutchulidwa. Zimachitika ndi mpweya wosakwanira komanso kutentha kwambiri.

Masamba ndi zimayambira zimakhudzidwa ndi pachimake chakuda. Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo izi:

1. Kuchepetsa chinyezi m'nyumba.
2. Onjezerani mchenga kapena vermiculite panthaka. Izi zipereka mpweya wabwino kumizu.
3. Chepetsani kuthirira.
4. Chotsani masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndi zowola.
5. Chitani ndi fungicides.

Zoyenera kuchita ndi matenda ena?

Mwa matenda ena, chomeracho nthawi zambiri chimakhala pachiwopsezo ndi ma virus ndi bacteriosis. Tiyeni tiwone ngati titha kuthandiza mwanjira izi.

Mavairasi

Matendawa amayamba motsutsana ndi ma virus omwe amalowa kudzera m'zirombo kapena tizilombo ta fungal. Mawanga, mikwingwirima ndi mipiringidzo imapanga masamba ndi maluwa. Palibe mankhwala a matendawa. Chotsani chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa mumphika ndikuwotcha.

Bacteriosis

Titha kubweretsa mabakiteriya ndi zida zosalandiridwa mankhwala, mphika, kapena nthaka yopanda mankhwala. Amagonjetsa:

• chotengera;
• masamba;
• impso;
• masamba;
• zimayambira.

Bacteriosis siyingachiritsidwe. Ngati muli ndi matenda, muyenera kuchotsa duwa. Kupewa kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito Zircon ndi Epin nthawi zonse. Mankhwalawa amalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mbeuyo.

Tizilombo ndi momwe tingathetsere

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsanso zomera poyerekeza ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Taganizirani oimira nyama zomwezo.

Kangaude

Tiziromboto timapezeka chifukwa chinyezi komanso mpweya wouma. Pokhala maluwa amodzi, amapanga gulu la anthu pafupifupi 100. Amadyetsa zitsamba, ndichifukwa chake mabala owala amapangira masamba. Popita nthawi, zimawala ndikumauma.

Pamakalata. Kupewa mawonekedwe a kangaude kumachepetsa kuyendera kwakanthawi kwa chomeracho.

Wonjezerani chinyezi mchipinda momwe duwa limakhalapo. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo, njira zotsatirazi zimaperekedwa:

1. Chomera chomera ndi Fitoverm, kukonzekera kwa Intovir.
2. Chithandizo cha dothi ndi mankhwala omwe amawononga chipolopolo cha mphutsi - Aldikabr, Temik.
3. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, perekani chomeracho ndikuyiyika wowonjezera kutentha.

Bwerezani zochitika ngati izi pakadutsa masiku 10 kuti muchotse anthu olimba. Cyclamen mite Tizirombo tating'onoting'onoting'onoting'onoting'ono kamenoka m'munsi mwa masamba. Ukawonongeka, chomeracho chimasiya kukula, ndipo ziwalo zake zonse zimakhala zopunduka. M'mphepete, tsamba limapindika, ndipo tsinde limapindika. Masamba amafota ndi kutha, ndipo maluwawo amatuluka mosakhazikika.

Gawo lakumtunda la mphukira limauma, limakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira. Pakakhala anthu angapo, zigawo zawo zimawoneka ngati kudzaza fumbi. Kulimbana ndi nkhupakupa za cyclamen:

1. Chomera chomera ndi Fitoverm, kukonzekera kwa Intovir.
2. Chithandizo cha dothi ndi mankhwala omwe amawononga chipolopolo cha mphutsi - Aldicabr, Temik

Thrips

Ma thrips amasiyana ndi tizirombo tina tating'onoting'ono tawo. Anthu ena amakhala masamba amphesa ndikukhala momwemo moyo wawo wonse, ena amakonda masamba. Amadyetsa msuzi kapena timadzi tokoma. Pamaso pa thrips, mawanga opepuka amapangidwa pamasamba a maluwa - mikwingwirima kapena zikwapu. Zimaphatikizana pakapita nthawi.

Izi zimabweretsa kufota kwamaluwa ndi masamba. Amawuma ndikugwa. Chithandizo chimachepetsedwa ndi izi:

1. Kuyendera maluwa. Ngati njuchi zapezeka pachomera chilichonse, chotsani ku zinazo.
2. Thirani mankhwala maluwa pomwe pali maluwawo.
3. Sanjani mankhwala onse omwe anali pafupi ndi izi:
   • Fitoverm;
   • Akletik;
   • Vermitic;
   • Kuyanjana.

   Sakani iwo molingana ndi malangizo. Patatha masiku 10, kubwereza mankhwala.

Chishango

Mutha kuzindikira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mwa kukhalapo kwa uchi wokhathamira pamasamba. Tizilomboto timafalikira pachomera chonsecho, zomwe zimakhudza tsinde, masamba ndi masamba. Amadyetsa msuzi wachikhalidwe, ndikuwachotsa zinthu zina. Masamba amatembenukira chikasu, adzauma, kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono kumasiya.

Chenjezo! Ngati simumayamba chithandizo nthawi, gloxinia idzafa.

Chithandizo chili ndi zinthu izi:

1. Kukonza chomera ku tizilombo. Tengani pedi thonje ndi moisten izo mu phala njira (1 lita imodzi ya madzi ndi 20 g wa sopo). Gwiritsani ntchito yankho pamagawo onse azomera, kuchotsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
2. Utsi maluwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo - Bankol kapena Aktar. Phimbani ndi zojambulazo kwa ola limodzi. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, bwerezani mankhwalawa pakatha masiku 3-4.
3. Ikani mbewu zanu ndikutsuka ndi madzi a sopo.

Whitefly

Tizilombo toyera timakhala toyera, choncho ndikosavuta kuti tiwone. Anthu akukula ndi owopsa kwambiri. Tizirombo timadyetsa masamba ndi zimayambira.

Akuluakulu amasiya zonyansa zawo pamasamba. Izi zimayambitsa zovuta za photosynthesis. Masamba amayamba kuvunda, tsinde limasintha, masambawo samangidwa.

Tizirombo titha kuyambitsa kudzera m'nthaka, mbewu zina, kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera maluwa ena odwala. Ngati matendawa achitika, ndiye mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa tizilombo:

• Vertimek CE;
• Actellik KE;
• Kazembe;
• Kinmix;
• Oberon.

Amagwira ntchito m'matumbo a tiziromboti, ndikupha.

Mealybug

Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timasiya masamba osakanikirana. Chifukwa cha izi, amasanduka achikaso ndikugwa. Kukula kwa mphukira kumasiya. Mealybug ndi kachilombo komwe kamawoneka ngati nsabwe, yekha ali ndi thupi loyera. Tizilombo timadyetsa masamba ndi maluwa. Anthu ali ndi chonde.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda akuluakulu timangokhala masamba okha, komanso mizu ndi maluwa.

Kutchulidwa. Mealybugs amakonda malo ouma ndi ofunda, chinyezi chochepa kwambiri mchipinda chimakhalabe chifukwa chachikulu chowonekera.

Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo zinthu izi:

1. Pukutani ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi swab ya thonje yoviikidwa mu njira yothetsera mowa ndipo dikirani mphindi 30, zidzakhala zosavuta kuchotsa tizirombo.
2. Chitani mankhwala ndi izi:
   • Karbofos;
   • Tsvetofos;
   • Kuyanjana;
   • Chisankho;
   • Phosbecid;
   • Zolemba.

   Pofuna kuthandizira mankhwala kuti azitsatira zigoba zoteteza, onjezerani 20 ml yamadzimadzi otsuka mbale.

Mavuto ambiri ndi njira zotsitsimutsira duwa

Olima minda nthawi zambiri amadzifunsa za zamatsenga zamatenda am'munda ndi njira zothanirana nawo. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto osiyanasiyana ndi momwe angathetsere mavutowa.

Ma peduncles amasintha kukhala akuda

Chifukwa chiyani ma peduncles amatha kukhala akuda:

• kuthira madzi kwambiri;
• acidic kwambiri nthaka pH;
• kuchuluka kwa feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni.

Mutha kuthetsa vutoli motere:

1. Sinthani nthaka, sinthani kuthirira.
2. Pofuna kuti musadzaze nthaka ndi nayitrogeni, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ovuta omwe alinso ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu.
3. Chitani chithandizo ndi Fitosporin, Maxim. Izi zipulumutsa gloxinia peduncle pakuwonongeka.

Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuwerenga za chifukwa chake masamba a gloxinia amasintha kukhala akuda pano.

Nchifukwa chiyani tsinde likutambasula?

Alimi ambiri sadziwa chifukwa chake izi zimachitika komanso zoyenera kuchita pakagwa tsinde la gloxinia. Kuti tithetse vutoli, choyambirira, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti izi zimachitika pazifukwa ziwiri:

1. Kuwala koyipa. Gloxinia ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kuwala ndipo, pang'onopang'ono, imayamba kutalikitsa tsinde. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyosavuta - ikani mphika wamaluwa pamalo owala kwambiri.
2. Tsinde limatulutsidwa kuchokera kuzomera zomwe sizinatumizedwe "kupumula". Ndikofunikira kutengulira, apo ayi mphukira zazitali sizingapereke maluwa akutali komanso okongola.
3. Mbali ya zosiyanasiyana. Palibe chomwe chingachitike pa izi, muyenera kuwunika bwino kuyatsa. Pansi pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, pangakhale kuchepa kwa kuwala, komwe kumawonekera mu kukongola kwa maluwa.

Maluwa a Crochet

Zofunika! Ngati maluwa a gloxinia adayamba kupiringa, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsa kuti nyengo yachisanu yachikhalidwe inali yozizira kwambiri kapena imathiriridwa nthawi zambiri.

Kukula kwa vutoli kumatha kutengera:

• kutentha kwambiri;
• zojambula;
• nthaka yosauka, osapindulitsa mchere.

Manyowa ovuta okhala ndi phosphorous, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni athandizira kuthana ndi vutoli. Ikani mphika wamaluwa kumwera, sinthani kuthirira.

Chithunzi

Pansipa mutha kuwona zithunzi za matenda wamba ndi mavuto a gloxinia.

Kusamalira kunyumba

Nthawi zambiri, gloxinia imawola chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi malamulo a agrotechnical. Ganizirani zomwe chomerachi chimafunikira paumoyo.

Kuyatsa

Gloxinia imakonda kuwala kowala, koma kosakanikira. Dzuwa silimalandiridwa kwa iye. Mawindo omwe amayang'ana kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa amakhalabe malo oyenera kuyikapo miphika.

Zomera zomwe zimakula pamawindo akummwera zimafunikira shading yowonjezerapo, chifukwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumapangitsa kutentha pamasamba.

Kutentha

Zindikirani! Popeza chomeracho chatchula nthawi yakukula ndikukula, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe kutentha kumakhalira.

M'chilimwe, mchipinda momwe gloxinia imakula, sungani kutentha kwa madigiri 20-22. Usiku, ndizololedwa kutsitsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 18. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yayitali ya gloxinia, zizindikilo za madigiri 10-14 zimawoneka ngati zabwino.

Chinyezi

Chinyezi chamlengalenga chizikhala mkati mwa 70-80%. Ngati madzi afika pamasamba ndi maluwa a gloxinia, amayamba kuvunda. Pofuna kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino, ikani mphikawo pabedi lodzaza ndi dongo kapena miyala.

Nthaka

Gloxinia ikufuna panthaka. Muyenera kubzala chomera mu chisakanizo chapadera cha nthaka:

• Violet;
• Begonia;
• Saintpaulia.

Pokonzekera gawo lanu, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zotsatirazi:

• nthaka yamasamba - magawo awiri;
• nthaka ya peat - gawo limodzi;
• mchenga wamtsinje - gawo limodzi.

Ngalande imafunika maluwa. Oyenera iye:

• dothi lokulitsa;
• adasambitsa chigamba cha mazira;
• Styrofoam.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri zakufunika kwa nthaka ku gloxinia munkhaniyi.

Njira zina zofunika kupewa

Ndikofunika kunyowetsa nthaka ikamauma. Poterepa, madzi amayenera kutsanuliridwa poto kapena m'mphepete mwa mphika.Pa nyengo yokula, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kochuluka. Poterepa, madzi owonjezera amatha kuwononga maluwawo, ndipo adzaola. Mukathirira, ikani mphikawo pa gauze wonyowa pokonza. Ndiye chinyezi chowonjezera chimayamwa. Ponyetsani nthaka, gwiritsani ntchito madzi otentha kutentha.

Gloxinia imafuna kuthira feteleza nthawi ndi nthawi kwa maluwa amnyumba. Tumizani kuyambira Epulo mpaka Ogasiti sabata iliyonse. Ikani ½ wa mlingo womwe ukuwonetsedwa mu malangizo (Giant, Gumi). Pakati pa kugona, palibe chovala chofunikira chofunikira. Werengani za momwe mungathirire ndi kudyetsa gloxinia apa.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zakusamalira gloxinia apa, ndipo apa tidakambirana za kulima kwake kunyumba.

Chifukwa chake, gloxinia ndi nyumba yosalimba komanso yosakhwima, yomwe, ngati malamulo aulimi satsatiridwa, amatha kupatsira tizirombo ndi matenda. Ntchito ya florist ndikuwona kugonjetsedwa munthawi yake ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu.

Onerani kanemayo: Gloxinia Timelapse (September 2024).