Timapulumutsa chomeracho kuti chisafe: chochita ngati cyclamen yauma?
Okonda kubzala nyumba nthawi zina amakumana ndi zovuta pomwe cyclamen yauma. Chodabwitsachi chimapangitsa akatswiri opanga ma florist, makamaka oyamba kumene, kukhala odabwitsa.
Funso lalikulu lomwe limawazunza ndi momwe mungabwezeretsere chomeracho kumoyo ndi zoyenera kuchita ngati chauma.
Chifukwa chake, tilingalira zifukwa zazikuluzikuluzikuluzi, kupereka upangiri wa momwe mungalimbane nazo, momwe mungatsitsire duwa.
Kufotokozera
Cyclamen (alpine violet, dryak) ndi maluwa ofala kwambiri pakati pa okonda maluwa. Ma inflorescence ake amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma mtima komanso koyambira, amatha kukongoletsa nyumba iliyonse popanda kusiyanitsa. Ubwino winanso ndikuti cyclamen imamasula m'nyengo yophukira-nthawi yachisanu, pomwe mbewu zina "zimapuma". Komabe, ndizovuta kwambiri kusamalira maluwa osathawa..
Malangizo! Alpine violet ndi chomera chamtchire. Ili ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira ozungulira kapena owoneka ngati mtima. Amadziwika ndi mvula yowutsa mudyo komanso yolemera (lalanje, pinki, lilac), ndipo amapezeka pamiyala yofiyira.
Chifukwa chiyani kufota kumachitika?
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuphunzira momwe mungasankhire maluwa oyenera pogula kuti mupewe mavuto mtsogolo. Choyamba, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa ku chikhalidwe cha ma tubers. Ndi bwino kukana kugula ngati zawonongeka. Komabe, kupezeka kwa kuvunda pamizu sikuvomerezeka. Mitengo ya tubers iyenera kukhala yosalala ndipo masamba a chomeracho sayenera kudwala chifukwa chowoneka.
Pankhani ya matenda obzala m'nyumba, amagawidwa m'magulu azinyama komanso osakhala parasitic. Pachiyambi choyamba, tikukamba za kuwonongeka kwa majeremusi, wachiwiri - za kusamalidwa bwino kwa duwa.
Zinthu pakukula kwa matenda osapatsirana ndi:
- chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka (phunzirani momwe mungapulumutsire cyclamen yemwe anasefukira pano);
- kusowa kwa chinyezi cha mpweya m'chipinda chomwe chomeracho chili;
- kusankha nthaka molakwika;
- kukula kwa mphika wosayenera;
- kusankha kolakwika kwamalo obzalapo mbewu.
Ponena za matenda achilengedwe, m'pofunika kutchula tizirombo monga nsabwe za m'masamba, cyclamen nkhupakupa ndi thrips:
- Aphid ndi chimodzi mwa majeremusi ofala kwambiri. Zimabweretsa kusokoneza kwathunthu kwa masamba ndi zomera, kumathandizira kutha kwake, kuchotsa timadziti tonse. Zizindikiro zakupezeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndizoyera, imvi, zakuda, zobiriwira kapena lalanje pamasamba a duwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, muyenera kupopera cyclamen ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndiyeno muzimutsuka ndi madzi a jeti.
- Thrips ndi achangu kwambiri. Ndi owala kwambiri ndipo sivuta kuzindikira. Amasiya malo okhala, omwe ali ndi utoto wonyezimira, womwe umalepheretsa kukula kwamasamba am'maluwa, chifukwa chake amatha kugwa. Pofuna kuthana ndi ma thrips, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito matepi kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
- Mphepo ya cyclamen imasiyana mumitundu yaying'ono kwambiri, motero zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira pamaluwa. Imawuma mkati mwa tsamba. Kuchokera kumbali zikuwoneka kuti masambawo ali ndi fumbi. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikuti ndizovuta kugwedeza fumbi loterolo, pomwe m'mbali mwa masamba mumayamba kupindika. Mutha kuchotsa tizilomboto kudzera mu mankhwala opha tizilombo.
Kodi tichite chiyani pamenepa?
Choyamba muyenera kutsina masamba achikaso ndi zouma m'munsi, komanso maluwa owuma. Poterepa, simungagwiritse ntchito mpeni kapena lumo, izi zimatha kuyambitsa kupita patsogolo kwa matenda a cyclamen.
Upangiri! Pofuna kusunga chomeracho, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri kwa iyo.
Ngati zida zotenthetsera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mchipindacho, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunthire chomeracho. Tiyeneranso kupewa kupezeka mwachindunji padzuwa lotentha.... Masiku otentha, mutha kuyika ayezi pamaluwa a maluwa. M'nyengo yotentha, alpine violet imamveka bwino pakona yamithunzi. Ngati zidachitika kuti cyclamen idakhala padzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mutha kuyika mphikawo mu beseni lokhala ndi madzi ozizira ozizira kwa maola 1-1.5. Chifukwa chake, duwa limatha kutsitsimutsidwa.
Nthawi zina cyclamen imayamba kukhala yachikaso ndi youma chifukwa cha matenda (werengani pazomwe zimayambitsa ndi chithandizo cha cyclamen ndimasamba achikasu pano). Kuti muchotse bowa la Fuzarium, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira nthaka ndi yankho la 0,1% ya foundationol, kapena utsire chomeracho ndi yankho la 0,1% la mankhwala monga Topsin-M.
Kuvunda kwamadzi kumayambitsanso kufota, ndipo chomeracho chimanunkha. Mabakiteriya amalowa kudzera m'ming'alu ya tubers... Nthawi zambiri, matenda amapezeka kudzera m'malo opatukana kwa masamba. Nthawi zina matenda amatha kupezeka kudzera m'madzi kapena nthaka. Duwa lowonongeka limatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, malasha osweka. Kuphatikiza apo, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika. Pomwe matendawa amafalikira kuchokera ku chomera china chodwala, cyclamen sichingathe kupulumutsidwa. Chomwe chatsalira ndikuwononga duwa.
Zoyambitsa zachilengedwe
Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti cyclamen imafota pazifukwa zachilengedwe, ndiye kuti imakhala ndi nthawi yopuma, yomwe imayamba ndikuti duwa limangosiya kufalikira. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, masamba a alpine violet amasanduka achikasu, kenako gawo lonse la chomeracho linauma ndi kufota. Munthawi imeneyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse pang'ono mphamvu yakuthirira maluwa.
Pambuyo pouma kwathunthu, duwa liyenera kusamutsidwa kupita kumalo ozizira komanso otetemera. Chomeracho chidzakhalabe m'dziko lino kwa miyezi ingapo. Bakha atayamba kupereka masamba achichepere, amayenera kukonzedwanso pamalo owala ndikumwa madzi nthawi zonse.
Izi zimachitika kuti chomeracho chikuwoneka chouma kale ndikufa, pomwepo mungayesere kuchitsitsimutsa. Muyenera kuchotsa rhizome pansi ndikuyang'ana momwe ilili. Ngakhale mizu yaying'ono yakufa, muyenera kufufuza tuber - iyenera kukhala yotanuka, apo ayi chomeracho sichithandizidwanso. Ndikofunika kutsuka rhizome pansi ndikuchiza ndi fungicide, mwachitsanzo, Topazi. Kenako aumitseni (mwachidule) ndikubzala kachiwiri munthaka wosawilitsidwa.
Zofunika! Chachikulu ndikuti musachedwe kenako, mwina, duwa lanu lipeza moyo wachiwiri.
Zambiri pazomwe mungapulumutse cyclamen zikafa zitha kupezeka Pano.
Malamulo osamalira
Okonda maluwa ambiri molakwika amakhulupirira kuti ndizovuta kusamalira cyclamen. Mwachizolowezi, izi sizingakhale choncho ngati mutatsatira malangizo onse.
Nthawi yamaluwa, maluwawo amakhala omasuka kutentha kwa 12-15 ° C, koma osachepera 10 ° C. Cyclamen imafuna kuwala kokwanira momwe zingathere... Komabe, ndikofunikira kuteteza chomeracho ku dzuwa.
Kuthirira ndikofunikanso kwambiri, pomwe madzi sayenera kufika pamasamba ndi maluwa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira chomeracho mu thireyi kapena m'mphepete mwa mphika. Chinyezi chambiri chitha kubweretsa kuvunda kwa bakha. Potsatira malangizo awa osavuta ndikuwunika momwe duwa limakhalira, mutha kusangalala ndi kupezeka kwake mnyumbayo kwazaka zambiri.