Njira zoberekera za tuberous begonia kunyumba

Begonia ndi chomera chowala, chokoma komanso chodabwitsa chomwe sichisiya aliyense alibe chidwi. Anthu ambiri oyamba kumene kumangokhalira kufunsa momwe akumusamalirira. Maluwawo ndi opanda pake, chifukwa chilengedwe choyenera ndi kotentha ndi kotentha.

Ndipo m'malo otentha, begonias amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Koma monga akunenera, palibe chosatheka. Mukungoyenera kudzidziwitsa nokha malamulo oyendetsera chisamaliro ndi kubereka, ndipo begonia imakula mkati kapena pafupi ndi nyumba yanu komanso nkhalango zamvula ku South America.

Kodi duwa limeneli ndi chiyani?

Pali ma begonias ambiri, koma Mitundu yamtundu wa tuber imadziwika kuti ndi yokondedwa kwambiri ndiomwe amakhala m'nyengo yachilimwe komanso wamaluwa okonda masewera. Imakongoletsa mabedi am'madera akumatawuni ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana, ndipo imakondweretsa diso kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Ndipo m'malo obiriwira kapena minda yachisanu, zomera zimatha pachimake chaka chonse.

Tuberous begonia ndi shrub yosatha yamtundu wosakanizidwa. Tsinde lake ndi lolimba komanso lamatupi. Pali mitundu yayikulu-yayikulu mpaka 25 masentimita, yomwe imasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence. Iwo ali pa peduncles yaitali. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi osiyanasiyana, kutengera mitundu. Maonekedwe a inflorescence ndi terry, theka-double komanso yosalala. Mtundu wa maluwa umafanana ndi inflorescence yaying'ono yamaluwa, peonies. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, owoneka ngati mtima. Mtundu wawo ndi wobiliwira mdima wonyezimira, ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira pansipa.

Pamakalata. Mitundu ya Ampel yokhala ndi mphukira yayitali yayitali imawoneka yokongola komanso yokongola. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba zakunja ndi zowoneka bwino.

Kodi mbewu zimafalikira bwanji kunyumba?

Mitunduyi imaberekana bwino m'njira iliyonse:

• kubzala mbewu;
• tsamba kapena zodula;
• kugawa tuber.

Njira yambewu nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa imafunika kuwunika pafupipafupi. Komabe, njira yosangalatsa kuchokera pakuwona kwa kuphatikiza kophatikizana kwazikhalidwe za amayi. Njira ziwirizi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakufunika kutsitsimutsa chomeracho, sizovuta kwenikweni, koma zimakhala ndi zofunikira zawo.

Kuchokera mbewu

Kukula begonias pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu kumabweretsa zovuta, komanso kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe angapo. Kubzala mbewu kumayambira kumapeto kwa February, tsiku lomalizira ndi pakati pa Marichi, ndiye maluwa oyamba adzawonekera koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Mukadzabzala pambuyo pake, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zochepa zobzala, tubers kukula kwake kwa masentimita 1-3, ndipo maluwa amangokhala patadutsa chaka.

Nthawi yonse yobzala mbande, mbande zimafuna kuyatsa kwina, pafupifupi maola 5 patsiku. Ndi bwino kubzala mbewu zomwe mwangokolola kumene, ngakhale kuti zimamera mpaka zaka zitatu.

Mabokosi amchere amasankhidwa ngati chidebe. Ndi bwino kugula nthaka yokonzeka, yopanda acid. Pansi pa mphika wamaluwa amaphimbidwa ndi ngalande yoyenera. Tsiku lisanadzalemo mbewu, nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa. Kutentha kwa dothi kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa + 26-27 ° С. Mbeu zimabzalidwa mosamala pansi, ndizochepa mokwanira. Kenako amaphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena zinthu zina zosintha.

Mabokosi amchere amayikidwa mchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa + 22-24 ° C ndi zina zowonjezera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupukuta galasi tsiku lililonse, kuchotsa madzi amadzimadzi, ndikuwongolera mbewu. Nthawi yakumera imasiyanasiyana masiku 10 mpaka 21. Pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mphukira zoyamba, chidebecho chimakonzedwanso pazenera lowala, ndi kutentha kwa 15 ° C. Izi zimachitika kuti mbande sizitambasula, koma mofananira zimakula ndikulimbitsa.

Mutha kumiza mbande ndi masamba 2-3. Ndikofunikanso kudyetsa mphukira zazing'ono ndi feteleza zamchere ndi kutsina akamakula.

Kutchulidwa. Ngati m'tsogolomu akukonzekera kukongoletsa malo a begonia ndi begonia, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimakhazikika kwa mwezi umodzi.

Mwa kumezanitsa

Florists ntchito vegetative njira kawiri pa chaka, ndicho masika ndi yophukira. M'nyengo yozizira, nyengo yogona imayamba chifukwa cha mitundu yovuta kwambiri., gawo lonse lapansi la chomeracho limatha kufa, koma osayiwala za chinyezi. M'chaka, mphukira yatsopano idzachokera muzu. Kuti mumve zambiri za kufalikira kwa tuberous begonias pogwiritsa ntchito cuttings, werengani nkhani yathu.

Tubers

Kwa cuttings a kasupe, ma tubers a uterine amafunikira, omwe apumula kugwa kwa miyezi itatu. Kumayambiriro kwa Januware, ma tubers amachotsedwa nthawi yachisanu. Amayikidwa m'gawo la nthaka ndikusiya malo otentha, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya + 20-22 ° C. Mutha kuphunzira zambiri zamomwe mungasungire chomera m'nyengo yozizira pano.

Nthawi ndi nthawi, ma tubers amathiridwa kotero kuti asamaume, komanso mawonekedwe a mphukira zatsopano. Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 30, timabamphu tija tathyoledwa. Odulidwa amatetezedwa ndi mankhwala ndi makala ophwanyika. Kenako imayikidwa mu chisakanizo chowuma cha "Kornevin", kenako muchidebe chokhala ndi dothi. Kutuluka kwa mizu kumachitika kwinakwake masiku 20-30.

Tsinde

M'dzinja, musanakumbe nyemba pansi, zidutswa zimasankhidwa ngati magawo apamwamba a tsinde, athanzi komanso olimba, kutalika kwa masentimita 8-10. Ayenera kukhala ndi masamba osachepera atatu. Masamba ayenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya osapitirira awiri, kuti asatenge mphamvu pa mphukira. Magawo akuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala kuti apange mizu "Kornevin", "Zircon".

Komanso, mphukira zimayikidwa m'mitsuko yamaluwa ndi nthaka. Kubzala kuya masentimita 4-5. Kutentha kusanayambe, ali m'chipinda chothirira madzi okwanira nthawi zonse.

Kumera kwa masamba

Poberekanso, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba ya begonia, yomwe imayikidwa m'madzi kuti imere. Mukamazika madzi m'madzi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe zotengera zopangidwa ndi mandala okhala ndi kagawo kakang'ono. Izi zimachitika kuti njirayi sikukula kokha, komanso imapeza mphamvu.

Chenjezo! Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera, opanda zodetsa komanso mchere. Piritsi lokhazikitsidwa ndi kaboni liyenera kuwonjezeredwa pachidebecho ndi chogwirira ngati njira yodzitetezera pakukula kwa matenda a fungus.

Kwa masiku pafupifupi 30, mphukira imayikidwa pamalo owala, ndi kutentha kwa + 22-24 ° C. Musaiwale za chinyezi - osachepera 60%. Zowonekera zimakupatsani mwayi kuti muwone pomwe mizu yoswedwa. Patatha mwezi umodzi, mizu idzapangidwa.

Komabe, zokongola zomwe zakula msanga nthawi yophukira zilibe ma tubers ofunikira posungira nthawi yachisanu. Chifukwa chake, amakula pokhapokha ngati chaka.

Kufalitsa Tuber

Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mphukira zobiriwira za mumsewu begonia zimatha. Mbali youma ya chomeracho yadulidwa, ndipo zingwe zimakumba pansi. Choyamba, dothi lowonjezera limachotsedwa kwa iwo, kenako limathandizidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Ma tubers owuma adzaikidwa m'bokosi lokhala ndi utuchi, mchenga wonyowa, peat kapena gawo lina lachilengedwe. Ma tubers amasungidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa + 7-9 ° C komanso chinyezi cha 80%. Zipinda zapansi, zipinda zapansi pa nyumba, nyumba zosungira zobiriwira zimayenererana bwino posungira. Kusakaniza komwe ma tubers amapezeka nthawi zonse kumakhala konyowa.

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, ma tubers ayenera kuchotsedwa ndikusiyidwa kwakanthawi m'chipinda chofunda kuti afundire. Musanadzalemo pabedi lamaluwa, ndibwino kuti zimere m'nthaka yachonde. Mitengo yayikulu kapena yaying'ono, imatha kugawidwa m'magulu angapo. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti gawo lililonse limakhala ndi impso zosachepera ziwiri. Sanjani magawo ndi phulusa, ikani malo otentha ndipo perekani madzi okwanira pang'ono. Pamene kasupe usiku kasupe salinso wowopsa, begonia wam'mimba amabzalidwa panja.

Werengani za momwe mungabzalidwe begonias kunyumba munkhaniyi.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi momwe angawathetsere

• Odulidwawo adayamba kuvunda m'madzi. Chomeracho chikhoza kukhala kuti chatenga matenda a fungal. Ndikofunika kuchotsa phesi m'madzi, kudula gawo lowola, kuliyika mu chidebe chokhala ndi madzi abwino, pomwe mapiritsi of a kaboni wololedwa amawonjezeredwa.
• Mphukira zimayamba kuda. Mwina chifukwa cha imvi nkhungu mafangasi matenda. Amayamba m'chipinda chozizira komanso chinyezi. Kuti mupulumutse mphukira zazing'ono, muyenera kuwathira mankhwala obowa, ndikuwotcha mpweya ndikuwotha chipinda.
• Mbeu za Begonia sizimaswa kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwina chifukwa cha izi ndi nthaka youma, kapena kutentha kotsika. Njira ziyenera kutengedwa: moisten nthaka, ndikuwonjezera kutentha kwa 22-24 ° C.
• Mbande zimatambasula, kukhala zazitali komanso zoonda. Zomera zikuwonekeratu kuti sizikhala ndi dzuwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikofunikira kusuntha zidebe ndi mbande pafupi ndi gwero lowunikira.
• Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndi kupiringa. Zomera zimatha kusowa chinyezi, kapena chipinda chimatha kutentha. Pofuna kukhazikitsa njira yakukula, boma lothirira liyenera kukonzedwanso, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kutsitsidwa.
• Kukula pang'onopang'ono. Mwina chomera chaching'ono sichikhala ndi michere yokwanira m'nthaka, chifukwa chake muyenera kudyetsa ndi feteleza.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamatenda ndi tizirombo ta tuberous begonia pano.

Kusamalira mukatera

Pamakalata. Kukongola kotentha kumafunikira mikhalidwe yapadera, nthawi zambiri amakhala wopanikizika, ndipo njira yachitukuko imadalira magawo oyandikana nawo.

Zotsatira zabwino pakukula begonias muyenera kumvetsetsa izi:

1. Kutentha kokwanira ndi chinyezi mchipinda chiyenera kukhala pamlingo wa + 18-22 ° С, chinyezi 60%.
2. Tuberous begonia imakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa.
3. Ndikofunikira kunyowetsa chomeracho m'mawa kapena madzulo, makamaka ndi madzi ofunda. Sungani malowa. Kuthirira ndikofunikanso pamene dothi lapamwamba liuma bwino. Osapopera mbewuyo mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, apo ayi zitha kuyambitsa matenda am'fungasi.
4. Nthawi yamaluwa, ndikofunikira kudyetsa duwa ndi feteleza wokhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Mu gawo lakukula mwachangu, manyowa ndi mchere wa nayitrogeni, koma pang'ono.
5. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kusungidwa pamlingo wosatsika kuposa + 16 ° С, ndikuthirira kochepa.
6. Ngati mukufunika, muyenera kudula maluwa owuma, kumasula nthaka, kutsitsi, kuchotsa fumbi m'masamba, ndikuyang'ana chomeracho kuti tipeze tizirombo.

Kutengera ndi zomwe tafotokozazi, mutha kuyamba kulima bwino begonias wambiri. Ndikulimbikira pang'ono, nthawi, mutha kukhala ndi chomera chokongola komanso chokongola.

Kubereka kwa tubonious begonias:

Onerani kanemayo: BEGONIA PLANTS: Begonia Types Begonia Rex, Wax Begonia, Begonia Maculata (Mulole 2024).