Momwe mungaperekere ndimu zokolola zambiri komanso momwe mungadyetsere mbewu kunyumba ndi kutchire?
Ndimu si chomera chosaganizira kwambiri, chifukwa chake kulimidwa kwake sikuyambitsa mavuto ambiri, komabe, pakapanda kudyetsedwa moyenera, ngakhale mtengo wosadzichepetsa umatha kufa.
Njira zakuthira nthaka, mitundu ya feteleza ndi zovuta zomwe kunyalanyaza chisamaliro choyenera kumatha kubwerezedwa, tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.
Kufunika kodyetsa
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza munthawi yake kumathandiza pakukula kwa mbeu iliyonse, Kuphatikiza apo, pankhani ya mtengo wa mandimu, kuthira feteleza ndikofunikira osati kungokhalitsa kuwoneka bwino, komanso kukulitsa kuchuluka kwake ndi zipatso zake.
Maonekedwe, kukula, kulawa kwa chipatso - zonsezi zimadaliranso ndi feteleza, kugwiritsa ntchito komwe sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
Madeti ofunsira ndi zizindikiritso zakusowa kwa zinthu
Pakati kuyambira koyambirira kwa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, feteleza amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka kamodzi pamasabata awiri, kugwa - kamodzi pamwezi. Momwe mungadyetse mandimu m'nyengo yozizira?
Chenjezo! M'nyengo yozizira, simuyenera kudyetsa chomeracho, chifukwa nthawi yozizira mtengowu umagwa mu "hibernation", ndikusowa kwazakudya zabwino kumatha.
Nthawi iliyonse Zizindikiro zakunja zimawonetsa kusowa kwa zinthu, zomwe ndi izi:
- Kutaya kwamitundu yowala kapena utoto wachikaso ndi masamba, komanso mitsempha yolimba yamitsempha, itha kukhala zizindikilo zosowa kwachitsulo. Ngati, kuwonjezera pa zonsezi, mawanga a bulauni amawonekeranso pamasamba, zikutanthauza kuti chomeracho chikukumana ndi kusowa kwa manganese.
- Ngati masambawo atenga utoto wobiriwira, ndipo mitsempha imakhala yosaoneka motsutsana ndi mbiri yonse, izi zikuwonetsa kusowa kwa sulfure.
- Kuperewera kwa calcium kumayambanso chifukwa cha mthunzi wouma wa masamba, koma chizindikiro china chosowa cha chinthuchi ndi masamba omwe amapindika pansi. Pafupifupi zizindikilo zomwezi zimawonedwa ndikusowa kwa boron, koma pali chinthu chimodzi chodziwika bwino: ndikusowa kwa boric acid, masamba amapotera panja, osati mkati.
- Kuperewera kwa mkuwa kumadziwika ndi kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a masamba, mtundu wakuda wa mitsempha kapena tsamba lonse la tsamba, ndipo nthawi zina mawonekedwe a kutumphuka kwa utomoni.
Zinthu zofunikira pakukula ndi zokolola zabwino
Kuperewera kwa zinthu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambazi kumakhudza mkhalidwe wamtengowo komanso zipatso zake, koma makamaka mandimu, nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ndizofunikira.
Chilichonse mwazinthuzi chimathandizira kusungunuka kwa michere ya citrus, kumatsimikizira kukula ndi zokolola zabwino, koma kungogwiritsa ntchito kovuta kokha kumabweretsa kusintha kwa mtengo.
Kodi ndi chiyani choti kuthira manyowa pabwalo komanso mtengo wanyumba pakhomo?
Njira yothira zipatso mumtsuko kunyumba ndizofanana ndi kudyetsa mitengo ya mandimu yomwe imamera panja. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndikuti mandimu omwe amadzipangira okha amafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Podyetsa mtengo wa mandimu, onse feteleza amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa zamtundu uliwonse wa zowonjezera zimawonetsedwa patebulo:
| Manyowa achilengedwe | Manyowa amchere | |
| Kuchita bwino | Zinthu zakuthupi zimaola nthawi yayitali m'nthaka, ndipo zimakhala ndi nthawi yayitali, koma chifukwa cha izi, sizoyeneranso kukonzanso mwachangu kusowa kwa chinthu china. | Amasungunuka mwachangu ndikutenga chomera, koma amathanso kuuma, ndichifukwa chake feteleza amchere amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. |
| Zokhudza nthaka | Zimathandizira pakupanga humus ndikusintha kwa nthaka. | Sizimakhudza nthaka. |
| Mtengo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta | Zinthu zakuthupi zimakhala zotsika mtengo, koma zimakhala zovuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chazinthu zokonzekera zopangira. Manyowa opanga mafakitale ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, koma mitengo yake ndiyokwera kwambiri. | Kutsika mtengo kuposa organic komanso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa sikutanthauza kukonzekera kolimbikira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwazo ndizoyenera. |
| Zowopsa | Pakapita kanthawi, kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa zokolola komanso zipatso zake. | Amakhala ndi ndende yayikulu, chifukwa chake, ngati mlingowo wapitilira, amatha kuwononga kwambiri ndikupangitsa kuti mbewuyo ifere. |
Mwa njira iyi, Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamafuta ndi mchere, popeza amathandizana ndipo ali ndi maubwino apadera. Chinthu chachikulu: kusunga muyeso, ndikutha kudziwa mtundu wa zipatso zomwe zipatso zake sizikhala nazo.
Zinthu zonse zofunikira zazing'ono ndi zazikulu ndi mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya feteleza zalembedwa pansipa:
- Mavitamini: sodium ndi calcium nitrate, ammonium sulphate ndi urea.
- Potaziyamu: potaziyamu mankhwala enaake ndi potaziyamu sulphate.
- Phosphorus: single kapena iwiri superphosphates, precipitate, thermophosphates.
- Chitsulo: chitsulo vitriol, pyrite cinders, ferric mankhwala enaake.
- Calcium: miyala yamiyala yokhala ndi dolomitized, choko, laimu wowotcha komanso slaked.
- Mankhwala enaake a: magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulphate, ufa wa dolomite.
- Sulfa: superphosphate yosavuta, ammonium sulphate, gypsum, potaziyamu sulphate.
- Mkuwa: mkuwa sulphate, pyrite cinders.
- Malo: asidi boric, borax.
Manyowa achilengedwe oyenera kudyetsa mandimu ndi awa:
- ndowe za akavalo;
- ndowe za ng'ombe;
- Ndowe za nkhuku.
Alimi ena amagwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala azitsamba popangira zipatso za zipatso. Inde, njira zodyetsera mtengo wa mandimu sizimaphatikizaponso kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mchere kapena feteleza, koma zimatha kukhala gwero lina lazinthu zofunikira. Zitsanzo za feteleza otere ndi awa:
- Phulusa la nkhuni (phosphorous, potaziyamu). Imadzipukutidwa ndi madzi mu 1: 1 ratio (supuni imodzi ya phulusa mpaka supuni yamadzi).
- Kumwera tiyi (magnesium, chitsulo, mkuwa ndi ena). Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa, galasi 1 la masamba owuma ogwiritsidwa ntchito amathiridwa ndi malita atatu a madzi otentha. Asanathirire, kulowetsedwa kumakhazikika ndikusefedwa.
- Nyenyeswazi za mazira osakaniza ndi wowuma (calcium). Nthaka imangothiridwa ndi ufawu, kapena kusakanikako kumatsanulidwa ndi madzi, kulowetsedwa ndipo pokhapokha ndimu imatsanulidwa ndi madziwo.
- Quinoa yaying'ono (nayitrogeni). Masamba osweka a chomerachi amasakanizidwa ndi dothi lokwanira mumphika.
- Nettle (calcium ndi magnesium, kufufuza zinthu). Pofuna kukonzekera kulowetsedwa, tsitsani madzi otentha pamasamba ndi mapesi a nettle ndikutseka chidebecho ndi chivindikiro, ndikusiya izi kwa milungu iwiri. Munthawi imeneyi, kulowetsedwa kuyenera kuyendetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo ikatha kuthira, feteleza amachepetsedwa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10.
Pa zipatso
Pakubala zipatso, komanso nthawi yamaluwa, zipatso zimafunikira zowonjezera zakudya. Muyenera kusankha feteleza ovuta ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse: masiku khumi aliwonse.
Malangizo! Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zidzasinthidwa ndikusintha kwa feteleza amchere ndi organic.
Feteleza bongo
Kuchuluka kwa macro- ndi ma microelements m'nthaka kumatha kubweretsa matenda, kuchepa kwa zokolola, ndipo nthawi zina - mpaka kufa kwa chomeracho. Chifukwa chake, ndikakhala ndi nayitrogeni wochulukirapo, kukula kwa mphukira ndi masamba kumawonjezeka, koma mandimu amasiya kubala zipatso, ndipo chifukwa cha potaziyamu wochuluka, kutentha ndi mawanga a necrotic kumatha kuwonekera pamasamba, ndipo zipatsozo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osasunthika ndi khungu lakuda.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena china, m'pofunika kuthirira mbewuyo kwa masiku angapo, potero kutsuka mchere wambiri m'nthaka.
Ndondomeko yabwino
Zinthu zomwe zimayambitsidwa kudyetsa zimasiyana kutengera miyezi yoyambira:
- mu March ndi April superphosphate ndi mullein kulowetsedwa ntchito;
- mu Meyi, Juni ndi Julayi - superphosphate, urea ndi potaziyamu sulphate;
- ndipo mu Ogasiti - zonse ndizofanana ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, koma ndikuwonjezera kwa slurry ndi manganese.
M'dzinja, feteleza ovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, ngati kuli koyenera, kudyetsa masamba kumatha kuchitika.
Zomwe muyenera kuyang'ana mukamagula?
Chinthu chachikulu mukamagula zovala zapamwamba ndikuphunzira mosamala chizindikiro: feteleza ayenera kulembedwa "zipatso za zipatso".
Imodzi mwa feteleza ovuta kwambiri a mandimu ndi feteleza wamadzi wochokera ku mtundu wa Bona Forte, womwe ungagulidwe m'malo ogulitsira pa intaneti komanso m'malo ogulitsira.
Sitolo yayikulu kwambiri komwe mungagule feterezayi ndi zinthu zina ndi Leroy Merlin. M'misika ya Moscow ndi Moscow, mtengo wa feteleza wa Bona Forte wa zipatso za citrus umasinthasintha mozungulira ma ruble 120, ku St.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati simugwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe ndi mchere?
Chenjezo! Maminolo omwe ali m'nthaka yogulidwayo amangokhala miyezi ingapo yoyambirira, pambuyo pake chomeracho chidzafunikiranso zakudya zowonjezera.
Kunyalanyaza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kumabweretsa:
- kusokonezeka pakukula ndi kukula kwa mtengo wa mandimu;
- kuwonongeka kwa masamba;
- kuwonongeka kwa mbewu.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kulima mtengo wathanzi ndi wowoneka bwino, mukwaniritse maluwa a mandimu ndikukolola bwino, muyenera kudyetsa chomeracho ndikuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri.
Pofika munthawi yake feteleza ovuta m'nthaka, simudzangopereka mchere wokwanira, komanso mudzapulumutsa zoyeserera zanu ndi nthawi yanu, chifukwa mtsogolomu simudzasowa kugula feteleza wokwera mtengo kuti mudzaze kuchepa kwa izi kapena izi.
Timalimbikitsa kuwonera kanema momwe alimi odziwa ntchito amalankhula zazovuta zodyetsa mandimu m'nyumba: