Wokhala bwino pamabedi amaluwa, petunia amatsindikitsidwa: mitundu, mawonekedwe obzala ndi chisamaliro

Kutsika kwa petunia ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsera, chomwe lero chafalikira pakukongoletsa munda, mabedi amaluwa. Chomeracho chimasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa akulu komanso owala.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana ndikubzala pabedi lamaluwa, mutha kukhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso okongola, omwe, mosamala, angakusangalatseni ndi maluwa ataliatali komanso ochuluka. Momwe mungakulire ndi kusamalira mtundu uwu wa petunia - werengani m'nkhani yathu. Timalimbikitsanso kuwonera kanema wothandiza pamutuwu.

Mwachidule za chomeracho ndi mbiri yake

CHENJEZO: South America idakali kwawo kwa petunia wotsika. Chomeracho ndi cha herbaceous perennials, koma ku Russia chimakula chaka chilichonse. Petunia sioyenera kukula m'nyumba. Amakongoletsa mawindo ndi makonde kuchokera kunja.

Dzinalo limachokera ku mawu oti petun, kutanthauza fodya... Ndipo izi sizangochitika mwangozi, chifukwa masamba a chomeracho amafanana ndi fodya. Ndi mtundu wolimba, womwe umapezeka pama petioles achidule. Kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe amasiyanasiyana. Paziphuphu, makonzedwewo ndi ena. Zimayambira zokha ndizobiriwira, nthambi. Popeza mitundu ingapo yama petunias, imatha kukhala yopachika kapena yowongoka.

Maluwa a petunia otsika pansi amapangidwa ngati faneli. Zitha kukhala zazikulu komanso zazing'ono, ziwiri komanso zosavuta. Mtundu wawo ndi wokulirapo:

• zoyera;
• chofiira;
• buluu;
• wofiirira;
• Violet.

Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona masamba omwe amaphatikiza mithunzi iwiri nthawi imodzi ndikukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mphepete mwa masamba a petunia ndi osalala komanso opota..

Chithunzi ndi kufotokozera zamitundu

Petunia yaying'ono-yayikulu ndi gulu lonse la petunias, lomwe limadziwika ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana. Zimaphatikizapo zomera zazikulu komanso zokongola modabwitsa, momwe kukula kwa inflorescence ndi masentimita 10-12. Zimaphatikizaponso mawonekedwe amaluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana: mitundu ya monochromatic yamtundu woyenera, iwiri ndi iwiri. Chifukwa chake mbewu zotere zimafunikira kutsatira malamulo onse aukadaulo waulimi.

Dothi F1 Series

Ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa womwe umaphatikizapo maluwa amitundu 6.... Amasiyana m'mitsempha yamdima komanso m'mbali mwake. Maluwa awa amawoneka osangalatsa kwambiri.

Mndandanda wa Pikoti F1

Mitunduyi imakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu komanso okongola. Ali ndi malire oyera m'mphepete mwa masambawo.

Prism F1 Dzuwa

Chomeracho ndi champhamvu, kutalika kwake kumafikira 35 cm... Kukula kwa maluwa kulinso kwakukulu, mpaka 10 cm m'mimba mwake.

Mkuntho F1 Series

Mitunduyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kokwanira. Maluwawo ndi aakulu m'mimba mwake, amatha kukhala ndi mitundu 8 yosiyanasiyana.

Anastasia F1

Petunia yaying'ono... Amasiyanasiyana ndi maluwa ofiira komanso velvety okhala ndi utoto woyera mozungulira m'mbali.

Zopeka F1

Ndikuphatikiza kwamaluwa amitundu yambiri okhala ndi masamba amiyala, omwe amadziwika ndi kukongola kosaneneka komanso nyengo yayitali yamaluwa.

Kufikira

Ntchito zodzala ndichinthu chofunikira, pakulondola komwe kukula ndi kukula kwa petunia kumadalira. Zochita zonse ziyenera kuchitika poganizira dongosolo lotsatirali:

1. Choyamba muyenera kusankha pazosiyanasiyana. Popeza zobzala ndizochepa, kufesa kosowa kumafunika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zokutira. Kugwira naye ntchito ndizosavuta.
2. Kufesa mbewu kwa mbande kumachitika mu February kapena March. Kutha kwa dzinja kuli koyenera kwa iwo omwe adzagwiritse ntchito kuyatsa kwina.
3. Kufesa kumachitika popanda kuphatikizira zinthu zomwe mwabzala, ingofalitsani pamwamba pa nthaka. Kuphimba mbewu ndi nthaka osanjikiza sikufunikanso.
4. Mukabzala, nthaka imapopera madzi nthawi zonse.
5. Phimbani chidebecho ndi mbande ndi zojambulazo.
6. Ngati malingaliro onse atsatiridwa, mphukira zoyambirira zitha kuyembekezeredwa m'masabata 1-1.5.

Onerani kanema wonena za kukula kwa mbande za petunia kuchokera ku mbewu:

Zofunika panthaka

Kutsika kwa petunia kumakonda nthaka yolimba, yopepuka komanso yopatsa thanzi... Mutha kudzikonzekera nokha mukaphatikiza peat, nthaka ndi mchenga motere: 2: 2: 1.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Malo obzala ayenera kukhala owala bwino ndi dzuwa. Mukabzala duwa mumthunzi, idzatambasula, ndikupanga masamba akulu ndi maluwa ochepa. Izi zidzakhudza mawonekedwe okongoletsa a petunia. Idzafuna malo otetezedwa ku mphepo momwe zingathere, chifukwa imavulaza maluwa osakhwima.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Kuthirira ndi feteleza

Kwa kanthawi, petunias otsika amatha kuchita popanda madzi.... Koma kuti akule bwino, kuthirira ndikofunikira. Mukakhuthala, tsitsani madzi pamizu, osafikira maluwa, apo ayi zitha kuwonongeka. M'nyengo yotentha, kuthirira kumachitika kawiri patsiku: m'mawa ndi madzulo, komanso kupopera. Madontho okha amadzi ayenera kukhala ochepa momwe angathere. Kupopera mbewu kumatha kuletsa mawonekedwe a kangaude kuthengo.

Kuti maluwa akule bwino komanso maluwa akutalika, amafunika kudyetsedwa. Onjezerani zopangira michere masiku 7-10 aliwonse. Pitilizani kuyambira pomwe munakafika mpaka Ogasiti. Manyowa ovuta omwe ali ndi potaziyamu yambiri ndi oyenera. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito humus kapena kompositi, koma osati mwatsopano. Apo ayi, zidzatsogolera ku chitukuko cha matenda a fungal.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, petunia wocheperako amatha kupirira matenda ndi tiziromboti... Chitetezo chake chimafooka chifukwa chowonjezera kapena kusowa kwa madzi, kukulitsa kubzala, kusowa kwa dzuwa, nthaka acidification. Pakati pa matenda a ma virus ndi bakiteriya, petunias ndiowopsa kwambiri:

• nkhaka ndi zojambula za fodya;
• mabala a masamba;
• mavairasi a mbatata ndi phwetekere;
• necrosis ya fodya.

CHOFUNIKA: Amadziwika ndi mawanga a necrotic ndi chlorotic, mawonekedwe azithunzi pamasamba, ndi mapangidwe azinthu zosiyanasiyana zamaluwa. Chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa chikuyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Pofuna kupewa, kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, popeza ndizonyamula matendawa.

Matenda wamba amtunduwu ndi awa:

• powdery mildew;
• choipitsa mochedwa;
• mwendo wakuda;
• bulauni malo.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda a fungal, kukonzekera komwe kuli ndi mkuwa kuli koyenera... Kukonzekera kwachilengedwe ndi mankhwala monga Fitosporin ndi Trichodermin kumathandizanso.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a petunias ndi awa:

• nsabwe;
• ziphuphu;
• nkhupakupa;
• whitefly.

Pofuna kuthana nawo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza Confidor, Aktara. Kukonzekera kwapadera kuli koyenera kulimbana ndi nthata za kangaude: Demitan, Actellik. Bzalani zitsulo zamadzimadzi kuti ziwopsyeze ma slugs pansi.

Kubereka

Mwa kudula

Kudula petunias ndiyo njira yovuta kwambiri yoberekera... Ndi yabwino kubzala mitundu yosavuta ya petunias. Kuti mumvetse bwino izi, muyenera chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso.

Cuttings amachitika koyambirira kwa Marichi, ndipo nthawi yonse yachilimwe ndi chilimwe, petunia idzaphulika kutchire. Koma zomera zabwinobwino zimayamba kokha kumapeto kwa dzinja. Poterepa, kuunikira ndi kuthirira kwapamwamba ndikofunikira. Zomera ziyenera kuunikidwa kwa maola 16.

Mutangotenga chitsamba chobiriwira, mutha kudula cuttings ndikuziyika pansi pazoyika mizu. Chifukwa cha kusakaniza kopatsa thanzi, kuyatsa kwapamwamba komanso kutentha koyenera, petunia adzamva bwino ndikukondwera ndi diso. Mizu imabweranso pakadutsa masiku 7, choncho chomeracho chitha kuikidwa m'miphika yosiyana kapena panja.

Onerani kanema wonena za petunia cuttings:

Mbewu

Pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu, sizotheka nthawi zonse kukula mbande zomwe mumafuna... Izi ndichifukwa choti mbewu zabwino sizimapezeka phukusi lokhala ndi zinthu zobzala. Kuphatikiza apo, mbande zimafuna chisamaliro chosamalitsa, chomwe sichimachitidwa nthawi zonse ndi alimi osadziwa zambiri.

MFUNDO: Ngati mukubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa dzinja, mbandezo zidzafunika kuyatsa kwina. Komanso, mbewu nthawi zambiri zimavutika ndi bowa. Kuti muwateteze ku izi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chinyezi m'nthaka.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Pakukula kwa petunia, mavuto ena akhoza kubwera:

1. Kupanda maluwa ndi mawonekedwe osasamalika a chomeracho... Izi zimachitika nthaka ikagwa madzi kwambiri kapena kugwa mvula yambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndibwino kusunthira miphika ndi maluwa kubisala ndikukhazikika kuthirira.
2. Kupanda maluwa ambiri... Vutoli limatha kuchitika mukamadyetsa moperewera, komanso nthawi yomwe masamba omwe achoka samachotsedwa. Siziwonjezera kukongoletsa kuthengo, koma chomeracho chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri pakupanga zipatso, osati inflorescence yatsopano.
3. Kupanga mbewu kumafunika, pakuwoneka kwake kokongola, kokongola komanso kowoneka bwino. Pazifukwazi, tsinani mphukira pamasamba atatu. Izi zidzakhala zolimbikitsa kwambiri pakupanga masamba a maluwa.

Mapeto

Petunia yayifupi ndi chomera chokongoletsera chokhala ndi maluwa owala, akulu. Petunia amatha kusangalatsa ndi maluwa ake ataliatali ngati amasamalidwa bwino. Sizovuta, koma ziyenera kuchitika momveka bwino komanso popanda kupatuka panjira. Kenako chomeracho chizikhala chathanzi nthawi zonse, sichidzataya zokongoletsa zake ndipo chimakondweretsa aliyense ndi maluwa ake.

Onerani kanemayo: PetuniaLily-I lost a sister. (June 2024).