Momwe mungakulire mtengo wa bonsai kuchokera ku mandimu kunyumba? Malamulo osamalira ndi zovuta zomwe zingachitike

Mtengo wa mandimu wa bonsai watchuka ku China nthawi zonse. M'magawo ambiri inali gawo lokongoletsa mkati.

Ku America, chomerachi nthawi zonse chimathandizidwa mopitilira muyeso, kumachikulitsa ngati chakudya. Koma, mosakayikira, mandimu bonsai ndi mtengo wokongola womwe umakongoletsa nyumba iliyonse.

Ndi zofunikira ziti zapakhomo zomwe zikufunika?

Musanayambe kukula, muyenera kuwunika momwe nyumba yanu ilili. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mawindo mnyumbamo ali kumpoto kokha, ndiye kuti sikoyenera kuyamba kukula chomera chovuta chonchi. Ndimu ndi chomera cha thermophilic ndipo imafunikira kuyatsa kowonjezera ndi nyali m'nyengo yozizira, ngakhale kuchokera m'mawindo akumwera.

Mitundu yoyenera ya zipatso

Mitundu ya mandimu yotsika kwambiri ndi yoyenera bonsai... Ndi:

• Mayer;
• Kievsky;
• Pavlovsky;
• Zowonjezera;
• Genoa Wobwerera;
• Mzinda wa Lisbon.

Wotchuka kwambiri - ndimu ya Mayer, ikamakula msanga ndipo imatha kutambasuka. Ndimu ya Pavlovsky ndiyotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa ndiyabwino kukulira m'nyumba.

Zipatso zake ndi zowawa, khungu limakhala lowonda. Mitundu ya Kiev imabereka zipatso zazikulu, ndipo mitundu ya Novogruzinsky imawonetsa kununkhira kodziwika. Mtengo wa Genoa ukhala wamfupi msinkhu, koma wobala zipatso kwambiri. Libson amatha kutalika kwa 2 mita ndipo amakhala ndi mphukira yolimba ndi thunthu lolimba.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji mbewu za mandimu? Chilichonse ndichosavuta. Muyenera kupita kumalo komwe zipatso za mandimu zimagulitsidwa. Gulani mitundu ingapo, kenako sankhani mbewu za zipatso zomwe mumakonda. Ambiri angaganize kuti ngati mutapeza njirazo motere, "zakutchire" zokha zimatuluka.

Kwenikweni, Mitundu yamtchire ya zipatso sizinakhaleko padziko lapansi kwanthawi yayitali... Ndi mbewu zobzalidwa kwathunthu ndipo sizimachita mofanana ndi maapulo, maula, mapeyala, ndi zina zambiri.

Kukula ndi chisamaliro

Ndiyenera kubzala mbewu mu Januware. Ndikofunika kuyamba kuthirira nthaka yambiri, ndiyeno mufotokozereni mbeu kuya kwa masentimita 1. Kuti mupange gawo labwino pakukula kwa mizu, ndikofunikira kusakaniza mofanana:

1. munda wamaluwa;
2. peat;
3. mchenga wolimba.

Mutha kuwona mbande pasanathe masiku 30, ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa. Masamba awiri oyamba akatuluka, ayenera kukhala m'm magalasi osiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tisamakule kolala muzu. M'chaka choyamba, mtengowo ukhoza kusungidwa popanda kuunikira kwina, kudyetsa ndi kupopera mankhwala pafupipafupi. Chifukwa chake, mutha kupeza mphukira yabwino kwambiri.

Samalani kwa iwo omwe adayamba nthambi, akadali masentimita 10 mpaka 15. Mwachidziwikire, iyi ndi mitengo yomwe ingabweretse zokolola zambiri. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mandimu amafunika kupitirira nyengo yachisanu kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa maluwa pa mphukira zokhwima.

Ndibwino kuti muzisunga kutentha kuyambira + 5 from mpaka -10º... Vutoli limathetsedwa ndikukulitsa zenera. Apa muyenera kudziwa momwe mungapatutsire mphika wa nkhuni ndi kutentha m'chipindacho. Pachifukwa ichi, kukulunga pulasitiki nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ndimu ndi chomera chokonda dzuwa, chifukwa chake chimabala zokolola zambiri mukachiyika pamalo owala kwambiri mnyumbamo. M'chaka, mutha kusunga kunja, chifukwa zipatso za citrus zimakonda kutentha. Koma, ngati kutentha usiku kutsikira ku 5 ° C, ndiye kuti muyenera kutenga chomeracho m'nyumba ndikuchiyika pazenera.

Kuthirira

Zipatso za citrus zimakonda kwambiri madzi, popeza madzi awa amanyamula zinthu zonse zothandiza komanso zovulaza. Choncho, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa madzi othirira. Ngati sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amvula ndi chipale chofewa, ndiye kuti mtundu wa madzi apampopi uyenera kukonzedwa.

Chotsatirachi ndi chovulaza kwambiri zipatso za citrus, chifukwa zimakhala ndi mandimu ndi chlorine. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi nthawi zonse kumapangitsa kuti pakhale mchere komanso mchere wina womwe umayambitsa matenda. Chifukwa chake, musanagwiritse ntchito, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa madzi apampopi.

1. Kutenthetsa chidebe ndi madzi ndikusiya mumlengalenga kwa tsiku limodzi.
2. Siyani madzi padzuwa mu chidebe cha khosi lalikulu kwa maola 24.
3. Wiritsani madzi ndikuzizira.
4. Kuumirira madzi yaiwisi. Kenako onjezerani citric acid munthawi ya 1 g / 6 l, komanso viniga wosiyanasiyana wa madontho asanu / 1 l.
5. Onjezerani peat wapamwamba kwambiri m'madzi ndikuchoka kwa maola 24. 200 gr. peat kwa malita 3. zamadzimadzi.

Mukasankha imodzi mwanjira zakuchiritsira madzi, mutha kuthirira mbewu yanu ndi madzi apampopi mopanda mantha. Zachidziwikire, madzi apampopi sadzalowa m'malo mwa kasupe kapena madzi amvula, koma njira zoperekera kuyeretsa zidzasunga thanzi la mbeu.

Msinkhu wa mbeu ndi mulingo wa chinyezi ndizomwe zimayambitsa kuthirira pafupipafupi.... Koma palibe nthawi yokhazikika yothirira mitengo ya mandimu. Kodi mtengo umafunika kuthirira liti?

• Nthaka inakhala imvi.
• Phokoso laphokoso lidawonekera podina pamakoma amphika.
• Mphikawo umalemera pang'ono.
• Nthaka imasanduka fumbi.
• Akuwombera ndipo masamba amafota.

Malamulo kuthirira mandimu:

1. Mitengo iyenera kuthiriridwa magawo awiri. Yoyamba ndi yothirira, ndipo yachiwiri ndikunyowetsa nthaka.
2. Musathamangire mukamwetsa. Madzi ayenera kulowa m'nthaka mumtsinje wochepa.
3. Pa nyengo yokula, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kutentha pang'ono kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya.
4. Tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa madzi madzulo, popeza nthunzi imachepetsedwa panthawiyi.

Ndikofunikanso kuthirira korona, chifukwa izi zimathandiza pakukula.

Chinyezi

Chinyezi chapamwamba chikuyenera kuwonedwa... Pachifukwa ichi, zida zapadera za humidification zitha kugulidwa. Amadzaza ndi madzi ndipo amalumikiza ndi mabatire. Nthawi zovuta, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbale wamba. Muyeneranso kugwiritsa ntchito botolo la utsi pafupipafupi.

Feteleza

Muyenera kudyetsa mandimu ngati mukufuna kuti bonsai wanu akhale wathanzi komanso wokongola. Popeza bonsai imalimidwa m'malo ochepa, muyenera kudzaza nthaka ndi zinthu zofunikira nthawi ndi nthawi. Pazifukwa izi, feteleza aliyense wamadzi yemwe angagulidwe m'masitolo oyenera ndioyenera.

Momwe mungasinthire mumphika waukulu molondola?

Kuika mandimu kunyumba sikovuta. Mizu imazolowera ndipo imayamba mizu mwachangu kwambiri. Ndondomeko yoika ndikuchita m'magawo angapo:

1. Pansi pake mumaphimbidwa ndi ngalande yosanjikiza. Iyenera kutenga pafupifupi 20% yamphamvuzo. Dongo lokulitsidwa ndiloyenera pazinthu izi. Tsambali limakutidwa ndi mchenga.
2. Mtengo wokhala ndi mizu yochulukirapo umachotsedwa pachidebe chakale. Njirayi iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ngati ili ndi mizu yovunda ndikudulira. Kuonjezera kukula kwa mizu, mutha kuyisamalira ndi chopatsa chidwi chogulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera.
3. Mchenga mumphika umakutidwa ndi nthaka ndipo mizu ya mtengo wa mandimu imayambitsidwamo. Samalani kolala yazu. Iyenera kukhala pansi pamphepete mwa mphika.
4. Dziko lapansi ndi lolumikizana komanso kuthiriridwa. Komanso, dothi limatha kumasulidwa kuti liwonetsetse mpweya wokwanira.

Ngati simunadzipange nokha, koma mudagula m'sitolo, musiye kugula kwa masiku angapo mutadzipatula, pogwiritsa ntchito yankho popewa matenda.

Kupanga ndi mandimu mtengo wa mandimu

Mitundu ina ya mandimu imamveka bwino ikapangidwa ndi waya... Mu kasupe, muyenera kupanga nthambi zazing'onozo ndi waya ndi mapepala okuata.

Ndikulimbikitsanso kukulitsa nthambi zolimba kuti kuwala kudutse kudzera mwa iwo. Mtengo wokhala ndi nthambi 3-4 pansi ndioyenera mapangidwe. Nthambizi zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maziko.

• Ngodya pakati pa mitengo ikuluikulu ndi nthambi zammbali zimasinthidwa mothandizidwa ndi nthiti kapena mapanga. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zolemera zopangira. Momwemonso, mutha kusintha momwe nthambi zimayendera pobweretsa pamodzi ndi bulaketi ya waya kapena kuzikankha ndi spacer yamatabwa.
• Kuchotsa zinthu zoyipa zomwe zimapangidwa kumathandiza kwambiri pakupanga.
• Korona amakula mosiyanasiyana ngati mtengo umazungulira dzuwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Mutha kusintha malo omwe mbewuyo idalirako pakadutsa milungu iwiri.

Tsinde la mandimu limadulidwa pamwamba pa nthambi yakumtunda, ndipo nthambi ziyenera kufupikitsidwa mpaka masentimita 20. Chifukwa chake, nthambi zomwe zimakula pamatumba zidzakhala mphukira zachiwiri. Pambuyo pake, mphukira za dongosolo lachitatu zidzawonekera pa iwo, ndi zina zotero.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

1. Kangaude... Itha kubweretsedwa mnyumba limodzi ndi mbewu yomwe idagulidwa. Atafika pawindo pa maluwa ena, azikhala ndi liwiro la mphezi. Kuzichotsa ndizovuta kwambiri.
2. Aphid... Amawukira masamba ndikuyamwa moyo pachomera. Itha kuukiranso mbewu zina.
3. Chishango Ndi tizilombo tomwe timadyetsa madzi a mandimu. Amakhala pamasamba, kuchokera kumunsi.

Zovuta pakukula

1. Kulephera kutsatira malamulo osunga zipatso za citrus kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa kapena kufa kwa chomeracho.
2. Kupanga mandimu bonsai sivuta. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuthandizira kukonza zolakwikazo munthawi. Kupanda kutero, mutha kukhala ndi mtengo wonyansa komanso wopindika.
3. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngakhale mandimu yaying'ono imatha kukhala mpaka 2 mita yamderalo. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti mandimu bonsai ndi chomera chachikulu, chifukwa chake muyenera kupereka malo oti mudzayikemo mtsogolo.
4. Zipatso za citrus nthawi zambiri zimapweteka motero zimafunikira chidwi chapadera.

Ndimu bonsai ndizokongola zoyambirira, Zomwe zidzakongoletsa mkatimo. Nthawi yomweyo, imabala zipatso zokoma komanso zonunkhira. Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo osamalira ndi mapangidwe kuti mtengo wanu ukhale wolimba, wathanzi komanso wokongola.