Maluwa achilendo Echeveria Miranda: zokondweretsa zonse za chomerachi

Echeveria imadziwika pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu ndi kapangidwe ka zokoma. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo, idalandira dzina loti "mwala unanyamuka".

Echeveria imakhazikika bwino m'nyumba zogona komanso m'maofesi, ngakhale kwawo ndi gawo lakumwera kwa United States: Mexico, Peru, California, Texas.

Echeveria wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi masamba owala kwambiri owoneka bwino omwe amapanga rosette yofananira, yomwe imawoneka ngati maluwa otseguka. Chomera chokoma chokoma, chimatha kulekerera dzuwa.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical

Echeveria Miranda (lat. Echeveria Miranda) ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa omwe amalima maluwa. Amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa ma rosettes ang'onoang'ono, oyera bwino pa tsinde lalifupi. Msuzi umapangidwa ngati duwa la lotus.

Mitunduyi idapangidwa ndi obereketsa ndipo ndiyosakanizidwa, chifukwa chake masamba ake amabwera mumitundu ndi mithunzi: lilac, pinkish, chikasu, siliva ndi ena.

Mwala wa duwa ndi chomera chosatha masamba owulungika ataloza kumapeto. Masamba olimba awa amapinda mu rosette ngati duwa la duwa. Avereji ya masamba ndi pafupifupi 25 cm kutalika ndi 15 cm mulifupi. Tsinde lokhala ndi masamba onse palokha nthawi zina limakhala losaoneka ndi maso, ndipo nthawi zina limakula mpaka 70 cm.

Chithunzi

Tikukupemphani kuti muwone chithunzi cha Echeveria.

Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kukonza

Ambiri omwe amasamalidwa bwino amasamalidwa molingana ndi mfundo zoyambirira., zomwe tikambirana pansipa.

Pofuna kusunga kuwala kwa mtundu uwu wa Echeveria, chomeracho chimapatsidwa kuwala kwa dzuwa kosalekeza. Mitsinje yowunikira imaloledwa, popanda dzuwa.

• Kutentha kwamlengalenga bwino mchilimwe ndi 23-25 ​​C. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira pansi pa 6 C.
• Kuthirira kumachitika pang'ono, osapopera masamba, chifukwa izi zimayambitsa kuwola kwawo. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yazomera, kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepa. Wokondayo amathiriridwa ndi madzi okhazikika poto ndipo nthaka imakhuthala mwachindunji. Chinyezi pamasamba ndi tsinde chimabweretsa zotsatira zowola.
• Chomeracho chimamva bwino pakuwala kosafalikira, popanda dzuwa. Mukasamalidwa bwino, masambawo amakhala owopsa, m'mbali mwake pang'onopang'ono azikhala ofiira. Ngati chomeracho chili mnyumba posachedwa, chikuwululidwa kwakanthawi kochepa, ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kuchuluka kwa "sunbathing".
• Kuchepetsa Echeveria sikofunikira. Kumapeto kwa nyengo yamaluwa, mphukira zowoneka bwino ndi rosettes zimadulidwa kuti zifalitse mbewu.
• Madzi am'chipululu amakula bwino mu pH yochepa, nthaka yopanda michere. Gawoli limagulidwa m'sitolo yolembedwa kuti "for succulents (cacti)" kapena yopangidwa mosadalira padziko lapansi, mchenga wolimba ndi miyala yosweka (kapena dongo lokulitsa) mgawo lofanana. Miyala ing'onoing'ono imatsanuliridwa pansi pa mphika kuti apange mphamvu ya miyala komanso kupewa kuyimilira kwamadzi. Komabe, pakukula ndi kukula, chomeracho chimadyetsedwa ndi wothandizila woyenera kudyetsa cacti. Palibe umuna wofunikira m'nyengo yozizira.
• Mphika wa echeveria umatengedwa wosazama, 1-2 cm wokulirapo kuposa m'mimba mwake. Chidebe chokhala ndi mabowo ambiri ngalande. Maluwa amadzazidwa zaka 1-2 zilizonse, osawerengera kubzala mbewu yomwe yangobwera kumene kuchokera ku sitolo kapena nazale.

Kubereka

Pali njira zingapo zokulitsira Echeveria yatsopano: kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu, tsamba, pamwamba kapena rosette. Njira zoberekera:

1. Kufalitsa mbewu ndi njira yowonongera nthawi yambiri. Ndalama zolipirira anthu ntchito zimalipidwa ndi mtengo wotsikirapo wa njere. Njirayo imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwathunthu kwa chitsimikizo chilichonse chazotsatira zabwino.

   Mbewu zimabzalidwa mu chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga koyambirira kwa masika mpaka kuzama kochepa ndikuphimbidwa ndi kanema pamwamba. Kuthirira kumachitika pobzala mbewu kubotolo.

   Kusunga kutentha kwa 23-25 ​​C kumapangitsa kuti pakhale condensation, yomwe imachotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi pazovala. Konzani kuwulutsa nthawi ndi nthawi. Mbande zimere m'masabata awiri. Pambuyo pake, kanemayo amachotsedwa ndipo patatha miyezi ingapo, zipatso zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa zimabzalidwa m'makontena ang'onoang'ono. Kawirikawiri, njirayi siimachitika kunyumba chifukwa cha kutalika kwake komanso kulimbikira.

2. Kufalikira kwa Leaf ndizosavuta, koma sizoyenera mitundu yonse ya echeveria. Tsamba lodulidwa limazika bwino kwa sabata limodzi mumchenga kapena m'nthaka. Tsamba lathanzi lam'munsi limasiyanitsidwa ndi chomeracho ndikusiya kuti liume popewa kupanga zowola. Konzani gawo lapansi: magawo awiri adziko lapansi ndi gawo limodzi lamchenga, owazidwa ndi perlite pamwamba pa chisakanizo.

   Nthaka imakhuthala kuchokera mu botolo la utsi, kenako pepala la mamilimita ochepa limayambitsidwamo pangodya, ndikulikakamiza pang'ono. Chidebechi chimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndipo kutentha kumakhalabe pa 23-25 ​​C. Kubzala kumawulutsa tsiku lililonse, ndipo nthaka imakhuthala ikamauma. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, ana oyamba a rosette adzawonekera. Tsamba la kholo likamauma, mbewu zatsopano zimaikidwa mumiphika imodzi kenako nkuzisamalira ngati kuti ndi mbewu zachikulire.

3. Kubereketsa kwa echeveria pamwamba imachitika tsinde la chomera litalitali kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, pamwamba pake amadulidwa ndi mpeni ndipo masamba apansi amalekanitsidwa ndi gawo ili. Choduliracho chimaumitsidwa kwa maola angapo ndikubzala mu gawo lapansi, lomwe limafotokozedwa m'ndime yapitayi. Mothandizidwa ndi kanemayo, amapanga wowonjezera kutentha, amatulutsa mpweya wabwino ndikuthira chomera pakufunika. Tsinde lotsalira, pomwe gawo lakumwambalo lidasiyanitsidwa, pamapeto pake limaphukira, chifukwa chake limasamaliridwa kale.
4. Kubereka kwa mwala wokwera ndi rosettes Ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri. Rosette yayikulu komanso yathanzi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha mayi. Zigawo zimakonkhedwa ndi mpweya wosweka kapena phulusa lamatabwa. Chotsatira, mmera wamtsogolo umayanika ndikuyikidwa pamalo osaya mumchenga wouma, kale wothira bwino. Kutentha kumasungidwa mkati mwa 22-24 C.

   Kuyika mizu kumachitika pasanathe mwezi umodzi, chaka chamawa chomeracho chimatsalabe muchidebe chomwecho.

   Njira yofalitsira rosette imakupatsani mwayi wopeza ma peduncles oyambilira (kale mchaka chodzala), mosiyana ndi njira zina, pomwe chomeracho chimamasula patatha zaka 2-4 mutabereka.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Ngakhale kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, echeveria miranda imagwidwa ndi tizilombo, kufalikira kwa zowola kapena mavuto ena.

Mwa kuwonetsetsa zodzitchinjiriza komanso maboma othirira, zitha kupewedwa mosavuta.

• Mealybug ndi nsabwe za m'masamba... Zizindikiro zazikulu zimatchedwa pachimake choyera pamasamba, chouma chomeracho, masamba omwe amagwa. Izi zimachitika pomwe phula la masambawo lawonongeka. Amakhalabe osatetezedwa ndipo tizilombo timene timayamwa timakhazikika m'makina a mbeu kuti tidye. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za tizilombo, chomeracho chimatsukidwa ndi madzi sopo pogwiritsa ntchito swab ya thonje ndikuchiritsidwa ndi infusions apadera (fodya kapena adyo) kapena tizirombo.
• Zowola, powdery mildew... Zikuwoneka ngati kuphwanya boma lothirira ndi chinyezi chimalowa pachomera chomwecho. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuyika Echeveria mu nthaka yoyera kwathunthu, chotsani ziwalo zowonongekazo. Nthawi zina amagwiritsira ntchito njira zopitilira muyeso: amadula pamwamba, kenako amabzala pansi, ndikuchotsa zina zonse.
• Kufota... Mavuto ena onse amawoneka chifukwa chophwanya zikhalidwe za mbewuyo ndipo zimathetsedwa mosamala. Mphika wochepa kwambiri kapena kuthirira kosakwanira kumapangitsa kuti zokomazo zileke kukula, kusowa kwa kuyatsa kumapangitsa masamba kukhala otuwa, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu mchipindacho kumapangitsa masamba kukwinya ndi rosette kuchepa.

  Ngati tsinde ndi masamba akuda, ndiye kuti maluwawo ndi ozizira. Pakadali pano, nthawi yothirira imasinthidwa, mphika umasunthidwa kupita kumalo ozizira kapena otentha opanda zojambula, ndipo nthawi zina zimawunika.

Maluwa ofanana ndi mtundu uwu

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe akunja, Miranda Echeveria amasokonezeka ndi mbewu zina, makamaka kuweruza zithunzizo.

Maluwa ena amafanana ndi mwala womwe udawoneka maluwa... Nayi ena mwa "ofanana" ake:

• Chomera chofanananso kwambiri chimachokera kubanja lachiwerewere, chimakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, osongoka omwe amasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette, ndipo amatchedwa sempervivum. Mosiyana ndi echeveria, imalekerera kuzizira, imadziwika ndi tsinde lalifupi kwambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa ma rosettes.
• Maonekedwe ndi mtundu, mawonekedwe a Echeveria Miranda amafanana ndi maluwa a lotus, ndipo zingakhale zolondola kumazitcha miyala yamwala, osati maluwa. Ndipo, ngakhale banja la lotus ndi banja lamafuta sizofanana kwenikweni, kunja kwake kufanana kwake kuli kwakukulu.
• Aeonium, wokoma ngati mtengo, amadziwika ndi rosette ya pinki. Mdima wobiriwira, masamba owala amapanga ma roseti ambiri, omwe amaikidwa pa nthambi ya nthambi. Chomeracho, monga zonse zokoma, chimafuna ngalande, kuunikira koyenera, komanso kuthirira pafupipafupi.
• Haworthia ndi chomera chomera, m'mbali mwake mwa masamba muli ma denticles. Masamba a zokondazo amapanganso duwa mozungulira. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yam'mbuyomu, imayikidwa m'malo amdima ndikuthirira madzi ambiri. Nthaka yoyenera ya chomera choterocho ndi miyala yaying'ono.

Mapeto

Mwalawo unkawoneka ngati chomera chotchuka m'nyumba chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osazolowereka komanso zovuta. Monga chokoma chilichonse, chimalekerera chilala, chimakula pang'onopang'ono ndikukula. Sera losanjikiza pamasamba lidzateteza Echeveria ku tizirombo tating'onoting'ono ndi dzuwa.

Echeveria ili ndi ma subspecies ambiri omwe amasiyana mawonekedwe, kukula, mtundu wa masamba, kotero okonda zokoma amatha kusankha chomera momwe angafunire.

Onerani kanemayo: Echeveria Collection and Tips for Care and Propagation (July 2024).