Malangizo atsatanetsatane amomwe mungayambire fuchsia
Ballerina - dzina lotchulidwira pakati pa anthu lidalandira fuchsia chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a duwa, ngati ballet tutus.
Dzinalo la sayansi limaperekedwa polemekeza wolemba ziweto wa ku Germany L. Fuchs.
Wobadwira ku New Zealand, Brazil, South America, fuchsia alibe malingaliro, kotero amalima oyambira amasankha.
Komabe, chomera chilichonse chimafunikira njira yake, ndipo fuchsia ndizosiyana.
Malangizo mwatsatanetsatane
Kusamalira duwa sikuli kovuta; pansi pazoyenera, fuchsia imakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola kwanthawi yayitali. Chomeracho chimafuna kukonzanso nthaka chaka chilichonse.
Chenjezo! Atha kukhala mumphika umodzi osaposa zaka zisanu.
Kodi mungabzala bwanji maluwa kunyumba?
- Musanadzalemo, m'pofunika kuti mutsimikizire komwe maluwawo amakhala. Kupatula apo, chomeracho sichimalola kuyenda, makamaka nthawi yamaluwa.
Izi zitha ndi fuchsia kugwetsa masamba. Zomera zimakonda kuwala kosiyanasiyana. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi malo pazenera kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa. Ndikusowa kwa dzuwa, ndibwino kuyatsa kwanzeru. Maonekedwe a duwa nthawi yomweyo amawonekera bwino pamene kuyatsa sikokwanira. Fuchsia imasiya kufalikira, ndipo mphukira zimatambasulidwa mwamphamvu.
Kukula ndi zofunikira za mphika zimathandizira kwambiri pakukula. Pamitundu iliyonse, imasankhidwa payekhapayekha. Kwa maluwa amkati amitundu yofananira, mphika wamaluwa umafunika ndi m'mimba mwake masentimita 18-20.
Ndikofunika kusankha zotchinga osati zakuya. Zinthuzo ndi dongo. Ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe sizitentha. Kupatula apo, kutenthedwa kwa mizu ndi chinthu choipa kwambiri.
Fuchsia sichisankha posankha nthaka. Kukonzekera kwapadziko lonse kokonzeka kudzachita. Njira yachiwiri ndi kuphika wokha.
Kuti muchite izi, tengani nthaka yofanana ya masamba, peat kapena kompositi humus, mchenga. Perlite kapena vermiculite amasankhidwa ngati ufa wophika. Zomera zimaphukira kwambiri ngati chakudya cha mafupa chimawonjezeredwa m'nthaka. Ikani supuni imodzi ya ufa pa nthaka imodzi.
Maluwa amkati amafunikira kusinthasintha kwa mpweya, koma osasiya maluwawo osakonzekera. Kusintha kwa kutentha kumatha kusokoneza chikhalidwe chake.
Fuchsia salola mpweya wowuma m'nyumba. Chinyezi chamkati chimakhala pakati pa 60 mpaka 70%. Mutha kusunga magawo awa ndi mfuti yopopera, kupopera madzi pamasamba, komanso pafupi ndi chomeracho. Njira yofananayo imachitika mchaka ndi chilimwe 1-2 nthawi patsiku.
Kutentha kotonthoza kuyenera kukhala pa + 18-24 ° С. Kutentha kwamlengalenga, duwa limayamba kutulutsa masamba ndi masamba, ndipo limathanso kuuma.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwapakati kumakhalabe pa + 5-8 ° C, chifukwa cha ichi chomeracho chimasamutsira khonde lotentha kapena malo oyenerera izi
Chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa kwambiri chilimwe komanso pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira. Kuthira madzi kumakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa maluwa.
Kusefukira kumatha kupewedwa mothandizidwa ndi ngalande zabwino, izi zimayenera kusamalidwa ngakhale pakubzala. Madzi agwiritsidwe ntchito mofewa, kukhazikika kapena kusefedwa.
Njira
Pambuyo pa "zigawo" zonse zofunika kuti zikule bwino zikakonzeka, mutha kuyamba kubzala fuchsia pansi.
- Timatenga mphika, timayika ngalande yotalika masentimita awiri pansi.
- Thirani nthaka yosanjikiza pamwamba.
- Timabzala chomeracho pamodzi ndi mtanda wa dothi lakale mumphika wamaluwa.
- Fukani mizu kuzungulira ndi pamwamba ndi nthaka yosakaniza.
- Sungunulani ndi madzi oyera ofunda.
- Dulani masambawo ndi yankho la chopatsa chidwi, monga Epin.
Feteleza
Monga mitengo ina yamaluwa, fuchsia imafunikira mchere m'nthaka.
Zofunika! Gulu lina lazinthu zofufuzira limafanana ndi gawo lililonse lokula. Pa nyengo yokula, kukula kwakukulu, N-nitrogeni ndikofunikira. Pakati pa maluwa, mankhwala omwe ali ndi K-potaziyamu ambiri ndi P-phosphorus amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Fuchsia idzazilala ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupume kaye ndi nyambo. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri ndi atatu, bwezerani njirayi mwa kutsina koyamba. Fuchsia ali ndi malingaliro abwino pamchere wokhala ndi boron, magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron... Manyowa opangira mavitamini amakulitsa nyengo yamaluwa, imathandizira kukula, ndikuwonjezera kukaniza kwa mbewu ku matenda. Manyowa sabata iliyonse. Fuchsia imadyetsedwanso ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira yocheperako yama feteleza amchere. Chifukwa chake, zinthuzo zimayamwa bwino.
Kukonzekera "Master for maluwa", "Epin", "Peters" sizoyipa kwa fuchsias. Sungunulani kapu imodzi mu lita imodzi ya madzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito makapu 1/3 pa lita imodzi. Ndikofunikira kulabadira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza.
Mavalidwe a mizu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokha panthaka yonyowa, apo ayi pali chiwopsezo chowotcha mizu.
- Osagwiritsa ntchito mavalidwe atangobzala duwa; zimatenga nthawi kuti musinthe.
- Simungathe kudyetsa maluwa odwala.
- Kupopera kwina ndi kudyetsa mizu.
- Kupatula kwa feteleza ndi nthawi yachisanu.
Momwe mungasinthire kugwa kunyumba?
Pakufika masika, chomeracho chimadzuka, chimadzikonzanso, gawo lokula mwachangu limayamba. M'nyengo yonse yotentha, duwa limakutidwa ndi zokongola, zowala bwino. Ndipo kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, fuchsia imawoneka yotopa, masamba achikasu, gawo lina lakuthwa, maluwa ayima. Kukonzekera tchuthi chachisanu kumayamba (werengani apa momwe mungasungire fuchsia m'chipinda chapansi komanso m'nyumba m'nyengo yozizira). Pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuthirira, siyani kuthirira nthaka.
M'dzinja, chomeracho chimadulidwa, kuchotsa mphukira zowuma, zofookawonetsetsa korona. Izi zidzalola masamba atsopano kupanga. Munthawi imeneyi, sikulimbikitsidwa kukhala pampando. Zowonadi, mutasintha, duwa lidzayamba kukula, ndipo maola ochepa masana, kusowa kwa kuyatsa kumatha kusewera nthabwala yankhanza. Mphukira idzatambasula, kufooka ndi kutalika.
Mutha kuyatsa magetsi, koma izi mwina sizokwanira. Chomeracho chatopa nyengo yonse, kupumula ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa icho.
Upangiri! Njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwa fuchsia mpaka masika atafika, ndikuyiyika pamalo ozizira m'nyengo yozizira.
Kubereka
Fuchsias amapangidwa m'njira ziwiri: zamasamba kapena mbewu.
Njira yambewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi mafamu wowonjezera kutentha. Koma njira ya vegetative nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito kunyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, zimatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kuti mumere chomera chaching'ono, chimangophuka mchaka chachiwiri chamoyo. Ndipo mutha kuzula mphukira pakatha mwezi umodzi (werengani apa momwe mungayambire fuchsia ndi cuttings). Komanso, njira yochepetsera imasungabe zonse zomwe zimabzala mayi. Ndibwino kuti mutenge mphukira yaying'ono ngati poyambira. Fuchsia imatha kufalikira chaka chonse; ndizovuta kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira.
Kuti mumve zambiri pazabwino kulima fuchsia nokha kapena kugula maluwa akulu m'sitolo, komanso momwe mungamere maluwa - ndi mbewu kapena zodulira, werengani nkhaniyi.
Matenda omwe angakhalepo
Fuchsias si mitengo yopanda tanthauzo. Komabe, vuto ndi duwa limachitika chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera (werengani za malamulo amasamaliro ndi zovuta za kukula kwa fuchsia kunyumba pano). Kuvunda kwakuda ndi dzimbiri zimaonedwa kuti ndizowopsa pa chomeracho. Mutha kulimbana nawo ndi mayankho apadera a fungicides, kukonzekera komwe kumakhala ndi mkuwa, komanso 1% Bordeaux madzi.
Mavuto omwe angayambitsidwe ndi tizirombo monga nsabwe za m'masamba, ntchentche zoyera, nthata za kangaude za maluwa amnyumba. Amapezeka kumapeto kwa tsamba, ndikudya tsabola wa chomeracho. Poterepa, masambawo amatembenukira chikasu, amauma, amagwa. Njira zothandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi izi ndizokonzekera tizilombo.
Fuchsia ndi woimira wowoneka bwino wazaka zana pakati pa maluwa. Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde lofanana ndi mtengo chikhala molimba mtima zaka 20, pomwe chimakula ndikukula bwino. Munthawi imeneyi, fuchsia idzakhala yoyandikana nayo, bwenzi komanso wachibale. Chinthu chachikulu ndikulinganiza chisamaliro chofunikira, kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri, kuziika nthawi zonse ndikukhalitsa duwa.