Zokongoletsa cactus prickly peyala. Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe azisamaliro, chithunzi cha chomeracho

Peyala yokongoletsera imawoneka bwino popangidwa ndi ma cacti ena ndi otsekemera. Amawonedwa ngati maluwa olimba komanso osagwira chilala. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu iyi ndi yoyera yoyera ya glochidia ndi kukula kwakanthawi kamagawo (masentimita 3-5 m'litali, masentimita 2-4 m'lifupi), chifukwa chake, kukula kwake kwa chitsamba chamtengo wapatali. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona momwe tingasiyanitsire ndi mitundu ina yamapeyala osakhwima, momwe mungasamalire chomera kunyumba, komanso kuphunzira za njira zoswana ndikuwonera chithunzi cha peyala wonyezimira.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi geography yachilengedwe

Peyala yamtengo wapatali, Dzina la sayansi Opuntia microdasis (Opuntia microdasys) ndi la banja la nkhadze... Succulent amatchedwanso chabwino-singano prickly peyala chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera okutira ma lobes - magawo. Mtunduwo ndi wochuluka, pali mitundu yoposa 150.

Zofunika! Mitunduyi imakula bwino m'nyumba.

Dziko lakwawo lakukula ndi Mexico, America, chilumba cha Galapagos. Mitunduyi ikufalikira kumwera kwa Russia. Zomera zokoma zimamera mwachilengedwe m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha, zipululu, zigwa. Chomeracho chinapezeka m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi I. Lehmann. Mitunduyi ndi ya nkhono zapakati. Amakula ndi chitsamba. Tsinde limakhala ndi nthambi zazikulu, mpaka 50 cm kutalika. Pa zimayambira mu ma axils, masamba amakhala kwambiri - mabwalo. Mabwalo oyera ali ndi glochidia yaying'ono, wachikaso chagolide.

Njira - magawo amakhala ozungulira, oblong. Kukula kwa njirazi ndi kwapakatikati - mpaka 5 - 7 cm m'litali, mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Maluwawo ndi achikasu ndi utoto wagolide. The stamens ndi yaing'ono, filiform. Maluwa amapezeka m'chilimwe. Zipatsozi zili ngati mabulosi ofiira (dziwani zambiri za zipatso za nkhadze munkhaniyi).

Tidakambirana zakusiyana pakati pa peyala yoyipa ndi agave pano.

Chithunzi

Mudzawona chithunzi cha chomeracho:

Zokonza ndi chisamaliro cha kukula kwa nyumba

Kuyatsa

Pakukula mwachangu, mitundu iyi ya cactus imakonda kuwala, koma kuwunika molunjika padzuwa kuyenera kupewedwa. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwa mawindo kumafunika. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limagwiritsanso ntchito kuwala kambiri. Kuunikira kowonjezera kumafunikira maola 2 - 3 patsiku.

Kuthirira

Thirirani chomeracho pang'ono, monga onse okoma. Tsinde likamakula, mlingo umakulanso. M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, madzi amayenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata. M'dzinja, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mpaka 1 nthawi m'masiku 10-14. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumaima. Zosiyanasiyana sizifuna kupopera kwina.

Chenjezo! Shawa yofunda imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa fumbi m'masamba. Pambuyo pochita izi, chomeracho chimakonzedweratu pamalo amdima mpaka chikauma kwathunthu.

Tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi oyera okha othiriraacidified ndi granules angapo citric acid. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsanulira madzi mu sump mukamwetsa kuti musaphatikize gawo lapansi.

Kutentha

Kutentha kwa zomwe zili mchilimwe mpaka 20 - 27 ° C. M'chaka, duwa limayenda bwino kutentha. Kutentha kotentha kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira ndi 6 - 10 ° C.

Kuyambitsa

Gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi pang'ono, lotayirira, acidified, lowala. Mutha kugula chosakaniza chopangidwa ndi cacti. Kunyumba, mutha kukonzekera gawo lanu.

Kapangidwe ka dothi:

• Dziko la Sod - ola limodzi
• Malo obiriwira - 2 tsp
• Dongo -1 tsp
• Mchenga-1 tsp
• Peat - 1 tsp
• Makala - 1 tsp
• Humus - 1 lomweli

Mphika

Kukula bwino, mapeyala oyenda bwino amayenera kubzalidwa muzitsulo zazikulu. Mabowo okwera ngalande amafunika pansi.

Zofunika! Pofuna kukhazikika kwa mphika, ngalande yoyikapo pansi iyenera kuyikidwa pansi, masentimita 5 - 6.

Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito miphika ya ceramic. Ceramic amasunga kutentha bwino, amateteza mizu ku hypothermia ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Kudulira

Mukamabzala, kudulira kumafunika:

1. Mphukira zowuma zimadulidwa.
2. Magawo olimba a tsinde, masamba omwe akhudzidwa ndi matenda amadulidwa.
3. Muzu umachotsedwa ndi mphukira zakale, zowuma komanso zowola.
4. Mabalawo amawaza ndi makala ophwanyika.
5. Mphukira zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimaphwanya mawonekedwe a korona ziyenera kudulidwa.
6. Zidutswa zazing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumtengowo.

Kutsamira, nthambi zazitali ziyenera kumangidwa kuti zikhale tchire lokongola.

Tumizani

Chomeracho chimabzalidwa pakatha zaka ziwiri - 3. Kuika kumachitika mchaka. Njirayi ndiyosavuta, imafunika kukonzekera chisakanizo cha dothi pasadakhale ndikuchotsa chidebe chobzala.

Ndondomeko yoyikira:

1. Chomeracho chimakumbidwa mosamala mumphika wakale.
2. Mizu imayeretsedwa ndi dothi lakale.
3. Kudulira bwino kwa chitsamba chonse kumachitika.
4. Poto amalandira mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndipo amauma.
5. Gawo lomalizidwa lauma.
6. Pansi pa mphikawo pali zidutswa zakadothi zokulitsidwa, zadothi.
7. Kusakaniza kumatsanulidwa, gawo lapansi silimangika.
8. Maluwa amakula m'mbali mwa muzu.
9. Miphika imayikidwa pamalo okhala ndi kuyatsa kosiyanasiyana.

Mkati mwa sabata mutabzala, zowuma za mmera ziyenera kuwonedwa.

Zovala zapamwamba

Zosiyanasiyana sizifuna kudya pafupipafupi. M'nyengo yachilimwe - nthawi yotentha, feteleza zovuta zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi.

Dziwani zambiri zakusamalira cacti munkhaniyi, zamitundu ya cacti ndi zabwino zake ndi zoopsa zake pakukula m'nyumba, dziwani apa.

Kukonza nyengo yachisanu

M'nyengo yozizira, duwa limafuna chisamaliro chapadera. Feteleza ndi kuthirira zimaleka - chomeracho chimayamba gawo lopuma.

Chenjezo! M'nyengo yozizira, sungani chomeracho kukhala chozizira.

Mbali za kubzala panja

M'madera akumwera ndi otentha, chomeracho chitha kubzalidwa pamtunda.

Olemba zamaluwa amalimbikitsa kuyika duwa pamalo owala bwino, koma kutsekedwa pazosanja. Ngalande chofunika.

Iyenera kubzalidwa pamwamba pa mabedi amitundu yambiri komanso zithunzi kuti madzi asadzere m'nthaka. Maluwawo amafa chifukwa chonyowa kwambiri.

Kubereka

Mbewu

Kufesa mbewu kumachitika mkati mwa Marichi. Choyamba, nyembazo ziyenera kupukutidwa ndi sandpaper chifukwa cha chipolopolo chawo chachikulu. Mbeu zimathiridwa munjira yofooka ya manganese kwa maola 2 - 3.

Kapangidwe ka gawo lapansi: mchenga, mpweya wotsegulidwa, pepala pansi, pakuwerengera kwa 2: 1: 2. Musanafese, gawoli limayikidwa mu uvuni.

Chitsanzo cha Seeding:

1. Makontena ang'onoang'ono, otakata ali ndi gawo lokhala ndi ngalande komanso gawo lokonzekera.
2. Mbeu zimagawidwa mofanana panthaka.
3. Mbeu imayikidwa 1 mpaka 2 cm.
4. Kufesa kumakonzedwa.
5. Makontena ali ndi zojambulazo.
6. Kutulutsa mpweya wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku kumafunika.
7. Gawoli limapopera ndi madzi pamene limauma.
8. Mbeu zimasungidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa milungu itatu kapena inayi.
9. Zimamera ndi masamba 2 - 3 amalowetsedwa m'miphika yaying'ono kuti ikule.

Mphukira zazing'ono zakula kwa zaka 2. Izi zimatsatiridwa ndikubzala m'miphika yokhazikika.

Zodula

Cuttings amachitika makamaka mchaka.

Zofunika! Tsinde laling'ono lopanda maluwa limagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka.

The cuttings ndi chisanadze kukonkhedwa ndi makala, zouma pa malo owongoka kwa masiku 5 - 8 mpaka wandiweyani filimu aumbike pa odulidwa mfundo.

Njira yobzala mbande:

1. Gawo lapansi limakonzedwa pang'ono.
2. Zodula zimayikidwa pang'ono mchidebecho.
3. Mbeu zimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo.
4. Zida zimayikidwa pamalo owala.
5. Kutentha kwa mpweya kwa kuzika mizu - osachepera 20 ° C.
6. Kuyika mizu kumachitika mwachangu, pambuyo pa masabata 2-3.
7. Mphukira zazing'ono zimabzalidwa m'makontena osiyana.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za kuberekanso kwa cacti Pano.

Pachimake

Peyala yamtengo wapatali imamasula mkati mwa chilimwe. Maluwa ndi ochuluka, mpaka maluwa 10 amapangidwa nthawi imodzi. Maluwawo ndi achikasu okhala ndi mandimu, maluwawo amafika masentimita 4 - 5. Kutalika kwa maluwa kumadalira momwe amasungidwira, kuyambira 1 mpaka 3 masabata. Kunyumba, zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa maluwa, chomeracho chimafuna kutentha.

Kuti zipse masamba, duwa limafunikira mpweya wabwino, mphika wawukulu, wowala, kuwala kokwanira, chomera chouma m'nyengo yozizira, kudyetsa kocheperako, malo osasunthika, osasunthira. Maluwa atatha maluwa amachotsedwa pokhapokha maluwawo atakhala ouma.

Werengani zambiri za maluwa a cacti apa.

Mwachidule za matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

• Kukula kumachedwa chifukwa chosowa kuwala, masamba ndi opunduka.
• Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwamlengalenga nthawi yogona sikumatha maluwa, zimayambira.
• Kuchokera ku dampness ya nthaka, ma drafts ndi kuzizira, gawo lapansi lowawa, masamba owuma, amagwa.
• Matenda a fungal ndiwoopsa kwambiri maluwawa. Tsinde limakhala lofiirira, chitsamba chonsecho chimakutidwa ndi nkhungu. Chifukwa chake ndi chinyezi chambiri. Chomeracho chatsekedwa. Chithandizo cha maluwa athanzi ndi gawo lapansi ndi fungicide chimafunika popewa.
• Kukhazikitsa mbeu mwachangu kumathandiza kuthana ndi mizu ya nematode. Mizu yomwe yakhudzidwa idulidwa, muzu umamizidwa m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi 5 - 10. Gawo lapansi ndi mphika ndizosawilitsidwa.
• Kuchiza msanga kwa mbewu ndi nthaka ndi mankhwala aliwonse ophera tizilombo kudzakuthandizani kulimbana ndi tizilombo, nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude ndi tizilombo tina.

Mutha kudziwa za matenda ndi tizirombo ta cacti m'zinthu izi.

Zomera zofanana

1. Opuntia Sheri ili ndi zigawo zobiriwira zobiriwira zomwezo monga peyala zazing'ono zazing'ono. Maluwawo ndi achikasu otumbululuka.
2. Tsitsi loyera ndi tsitsi loyera Amamasula ndi maluwa akuluakulu achikasu. Magawo ake amakhala okutidwa ndi ma bristles ndi glochidia.
3. Peyala yamiyala yayitali. Tsinde lake limakhalanso ndi ma lobes ang'onoang'ono obiriwira okutidwa ndi singano zowirira, zazifupi, zowonda.
4. Alba zosiyanasiyana - mtundu wa peyala wonyezimira wobiriwira, umamera mchitsamba chokwanira. Singano zazifupi zimabzalidwa pamalo onse azomera.
5. Sulfa-wachikasu prickly peyala Lilinso ndi ma lobes ang'onoang'ono okutidwa ndi mitsempha yayitali yakuwala (werengani za momwe mungapusitsidwe ndi nkhadze ndi zoyenera kuchita ngati izi zichitika, werengani apa). Chomeracho ndi chaching'ono, mpaka 40 cm kutalika.

Ngakhale kuti peyala yamtengo wapatali ndi duwa lakuchipululu, imafunikira kusamala ndi chidwi. Kuwala pang'ono, kuthirira pang'ono, kudyetsa mosamala ndizofunikira pakukula ndi kukula kwa duwa.

Onerani kanemayo: Grafting Cactus on Opuntia in 4 steps. Demos and 100% Results. After-care guidelines (Mulole 2024).