Timachita kumuika kolondola kwa gloxinia

Gloxinia ndikubzala m'nyumba ya Gesneriev. Malo omwe anachokera - nkhalango zamvula zakumwera kwa Brazil. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18, wachibale wa gloxinia, wokongola ku synnigeria, adabweretsedwa ku Europe. Chomera chaching'ono chodabwitsachi chimapangitsa kuti padziko lapansi pakhale gloxinia.

Kwa zaka zopitilira 200, ntchito yoswana yakhala ikuchitika kuti apange mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gloxinia, mawonekedwe awo tsopano ali kutali ndi synnigeria, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mitundu ndi chisokonezo chautoto sizingasiye otsatsa chidwi osakonda. Kuti chomeracho chikondweretse diso kwanthawi yayitali, muyenera kudziwa zovuta zonse zosamalira kunyumba komanso kuziika munthawi yake.

Kufotokozera

Gloxinia ndi chomera chosatha chopanda kanthu kapena chopanda zingwe yokhala ndi minofu mpaka 25 sentimita kutalika. Masambawo ndi akulu, obiriwira mdima wonyezimira, velvety kwa kukhudza, amawonekera kunja pa pubescence pang'ono, chifukwa cha izi amawoneka ofooka komanso osasangalatsa.

Masamba amakhala ovoid nthawi zonse ndipo amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Maluwawo ndi akulu, masambawo ali ngati mabelu. Maluwa, monga masamba, ndi velvety. Mphepete mwa masambawo ndi makola. Maluwa amatha kukhala masentimita 8-12 m'mimba mwake. Mitundu yamabelu otere imatha kukhala yosiyanasiyana, ndipo maluwawo amabweranso ndi malire m'mphepete mwa masambawo kapena zamawangamawanga. Zimayambira ndi zazifupi, zimasunthira mu ambulera ya inflorescence, duwa lililonse pamtundu wina.

Pamakalata. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kuyambira Marichi mpaka Juni, mpaka maluwa 40 atha kuphuka pachomera chimodzi nthawi yomweyo.

Ndi liti pamene amafunikira?

Kuika kwa Gloxinia kumafunika kangapo:

• atagona, chomeracho chinadzuka ndipo kamera kakang'ono kanatulukira, koma masamba sanapange;
• Mukamagula ziphuphu zing'onozing'ono mu chidebe chosayenera pa moyo wa chomeracho;
• pogula ma tubers omwe sanabzalidwe m'nthaka;
• Zikachitika mwadzidzidzi, pomwe chomeracho chimatha kugwidwa ndi tizirombo (akangaude, mealybugs) omwe amakhala m'nthaka - pamenepa, muyenera kuchotsa tubers m'nthaka yowonongeka ndikuyeretsanso pazotsalira zake, perekani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda poviika mu potassium permanganate kapena njira - Epin ndi Zircon , chotsani mbali zowononga za tuber ndi mpeni ndikuuma ndi phulusa lamatabwa;
• pokhudzana ndi kukula kwa matenda am'mimba.

Kodi muyenera kusiya maluwa mumphika womwewo?

Ngati koyambirira kwa February timera tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi masamba zimawoneka mumphika momwe ma tubers amagona, ndiye kuti ma tubers, atatha kugona, amamva bwino m'nthaka yawo ndipo safuna kumuika. Poterepa, simuyenera kudyetsa gloxinia ndi feteleza nthawi yomweyo, kapena m'malo mwake, pangani zikhalidwe za Spartan pazomera. Ikani mphikawo pazenera pafupi ndi galasi, kuti mupewe hypothermia, ikani thovu pansi pamphika.

Kodi izi zingatheke panthawi yamaluwa?

Pakati pa maluwa a gloxinia, chitsamba chake chikuwoneka kuti ndi chowala kwambiri ndikufalikira. Zitha kuwoneka ngati kwa alimi ena osadziwa zambiri kuti chomeracho ndi chopanikizika mumphika, koma ichi ndi lingaliro lolakwika.

Zofunika! Palibe chifukwa chomwe chimafalikira gloxinia, kusunthika kumatha kuchitika patatha nthawi yamaluwa.

Amataya maluwa ndi masamba ake onse, ndipo kusokoneza mwadzidzidzi pakudyetsa chomeracho kumatha kubweretsa kufa kwathunthu kwa ma tubers.

Nthawi yabwino

Zikachitika mwadzidzidzi, ngati chomeracho chikuopsezedwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda, mutha kubzala nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Ngati chomeracho sichiri pachiwopsezo, chikuyenera kuikidwa pambuyo paulamuliro, ndipo kumapeto kwa Okutobala - koyambirira kwa Marichi.

Maluwa omaliza atatuluka, gawo lonse lapansi la gloxinia limazimiririka pang'onopang'ono ndikufa. Mbali zonse zakufa za chomeracho, zikafa, ziyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala. Mphika wokhala ndi tubers pansi uyenera kuyikidwa m'malo amdima, ozizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kwa 10-15 ° C. Chifukwa chake muyenera kusunga chomeracho mpaka koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Ngati mphukira zazing'ono za mbewuzo sizinawonekere kumapeto kwa February, ndiye nthawi yodzala.

Kuyambitsa

Podzala gloxinia, nthaka yomwe imamera ma violets ndiyabwino. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera ufa wophika panthaka - vermiculite, perlite, sphagnum moss. Kunyumba, mutha kukonzekera nokha zosakaniza.

Izi zidzafunika kusakaniza:

• Zidutswa zitatu za nthaka pamtengo uliwonse wosakhazikika, kupatula thundu;
• Magawo atatu a peat;
• 2 mchenga.

Kuti nthaka ikhale yothandiza momwe mungathere, ndi bwino kuwonjezera magalamu 200 a humus pa malita 5 aliwonse a dothi. Kuwongolera kumeneku kumathandizira wolima kuchita popanda chowonjezera cha gloxinia subcortex kwa nthawi yayitali. Komanso gawo lofunikira ndikuteteza nthaka, izi zitha kuchitika ndi Maxim yemwe wagulidwa (1 ampoule wamadzi 2 malita).

Ngalande yabwino imagwira gawo lofunikira pakubzala gloxinia. Oyenera izi - polystyrene, dongo lokulitsa, miyala yosweka. Kutalika kwa mphika, kumakweza mulingo wa ngalande, mpaka 1/3 ya voliyumu yonse yanthaka.

Kusankha zotengera

Mphika wokula bwino ndikukula kwa gloxinia uyenera kukhala mainchesi 4-6 wokulirapo kuposa tuber yobzalidwa.

Kutchulidwa. Kutalika kwa mphika kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo masentimita 2-3 a ngalande ndi dothi lomwe nthaka yake idzaikidwenso ndipo sayenera kuyang'ana kunja.

Mukamasintha kuchokera mumphika umodzi kupita kwina, kumbukirani kuti payenera kukhala nthaka yokwanira pakati pa ngalande ndi tuber kuti kukula ndi chitukuko cha mizu yazomera. Maonekedwe a mphika wokula gloxinia zilibe kanthu. Ndikofunika kutsatira zomwe zikufunika kutalika kwake kuti masamba a chomera asagwe ndipo asakhudze pomwe mphika wayikidwapo. Ndi bwino kupangitsa ngalandeyo kuti ikhale yayitali kuposa yomwe chomera chachifwamba chingayambe kufa chifukwa chosakhudzana ndi zinthu zozungulira.

Malangizo Akunyumba

Malangizo atsatanetsatane abzala ndikubzala ma gloxinia tubers:

1. Mukamaika tuber, yang'anani kukhulupirika kwake ndi mtundu wake. Tuber yabwino iyenera kukhala yolimba, osati yolimba, m'mimba mwake osachepera 4 masentimita. Pasapezeke nkhungu kapena zowola pa tuber.
2. Chotsani tsitsi lonse ndi zotsalira za dothi kuchokera ku tuber, chifukwa tuber iyenera kukhala yopanda kanthu musanadzalemo (monga mbatata).
3. Ikani ngalande pansi pamphika.
4. Dzazani nthaka pamtunda.
5. Pangani dothi kukhala lotayirira momwe mungathere, mutha kuwonjezera ma capsule a hydrogel kuti musunge chinyezi.
6. Pangani mphako pakati pa nthaka ndikuyika tuber mmenemo.
7. Phimbani tuber ndi nthaka, osakanikiza kapena kupondaponda.
8. Ngati pali mphukira pang'ono pa tuber, ndizotheka kuti musaphimbe ndi nthaka, koma mukamwetsa, mtsogolo, pewani madzi.

Kodi kukhala?

Gloxinia imatha kufalikira ndikubzala m'njira zisanu:

Petiole

1. Kuti mumere maluwa kuchokera pa tsamba, muyenera kutenga tsamba limodzi kuchokera pansi pa chomeracho mu Juni-Julayi.
2. Ikani phesi la tsamba mu chidebe chamadzi kuti limizidwe m'madzi ndi 1.5-2 sentimita.
3. Osasintha madzi, koma pamwamba pake nthawi ndi nthawi.
4. Sungani tsambalo m'madzi mpaka mizu yaying'ono ipangidwe pachiwongolero.
5. Pambuyo pa mapangidwe awa, pitani mphukira yaying'ono panthaka mpaka masentimita 2-3. Kuti muzimitse bwino mizu, pezani kudula ndi botolo lagalasi kapena thumba la pulasitiki.

Onerani kanema wonena za kubzala kwa gloxinia ndi masamba odulira:

Tsinde cuttings

Dulani mphukira yotsika yoyambira ndi masamba angapo mu gloxinia wamkulu. Ikani mu chidebe chamadzi mpaka mizu ipange, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi tsamba. Pambuyo pa mizu, pitani mbewu ndi mizu, Pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi galasi kapena thumba.

Mapepala

1. Dulani pepalali m'munsi mwamalo ogulitsira.
2. Dulani tsamba la masamba kuchokera kumbuyo kudutsa mitsempha yotuluka m'malo olimba.
3. Ikani pepalali panthaka yothira ndikusindikiza mabalawo panthaka.
4. Pangani wowonjezera kutentha ndi kanema.
5. M'malo odulidwa, mizu idzawoneka posachedwa, ndipo pambuyo pake timagulu tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timayenera kubzalidwa molingana ndi chiwembu.

Werengani zambiri za kufalikira kwa tsamba la gloxinia Pano.

Kugawa tubers

1. Ma tubers akulu okha omwe ali ndi njira ziwiri kapena zingapo ndi omwe amagawika. Amadulidwa ndi mpeni kuti mbali iliyonse mukhale mphukira.
2. Magawo ayenera kuwazidwa ndi makala ndikuuma masiku 3-5.
3. Bzalani panthaka yonyowa, monga ma tubers athunthu.

Mbewu

Mbeu za chomera zimapangidwa ndi mungu wochita kupanga. Pa tsiku lachiwiri pambuyo pa duwa, muyenera kusamitsa mungu kumaluwa pogwiritsa ntchito burashi yaying'ono. Mbewu zipsa m'mabokosi mkati mwa miyezi iwiri. Mbeu za Gloxinia zimathiridwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi galasi mpaka mphukira zazing'ono zitayamba. Patatha milungu iwiri kumera, galasi imachotsedwa ndipo mbande zimayikidwa pounikira.

Pamakalata. Gloxinia imatha kumira pambuyo poti tsamba ladzaza paliponse.

Tidakambirana mwatsatanetsatane za momwe tingamere maluwa kuchokera m'nkhokwe m'nkhaniyi.

Chisamaliro

Pali malamulo angapo osamalira gloxinia pazigawo zonse za kukula ndi chitukuko.

Kukula kutentha

Chizindikiro ichi chimatha kusiyanasiyana m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana:

• panthawi ya kumera kwa tuber, kutentha kuyenera kukhala - + 25 ° C;
• mutazika mizu - + 18оС - + 22оС;
• kumayambiriro kwa zomera - osachepera + 18 ° C;
• m'nthawi yakukula - kuyambira + 22 ° C mpaka + 25 ° C.

Chinyezi chamlengalenga

Gloxinia imamva bwino ndikutentha kwa mpweya wa 50%, osatsika. Ngati sizingatheke kukonzekera zinthu ngati izi, ndiye kuti malire ololedwa a chizindikiro ichi ndi 70-80%. Kuonjezera kuwerenga kwa chinyezi, ndikofunikira kuyika mphika ndi chomera pogona:

• ndi dongo lokulitsa lonyowa;
• ndi madzi;
• ndi moss.

Osapopera nthaka gawo la chomeracho, chifukwa gloxinia imadwala, mawanga owuma adzaoneka pamasamba ndipo adzafa.

Kuthirira

Mukamwetsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa (mvula, thawed, yophika, yosefedwa). Madzi ochokera m'phasa kapena m'mphepete mwa mphika kuti musathamangire pachomera. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala otentha madigiri 2-3 kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya. Mphindi 30 mutathirira, madzi otsala ayenera kukhetsedwa kuchokera pamphasa.

Zovala zapamwamba

Palibe fetereza yomwe imafunika miyezi iwiri yoyamba mutabzala. Kudyetsa kwina kumayenera kuchitika kamodzi pa masiku khumi. Asanatuluke masamba, feteleza amasintha ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni.

Zindikirani! Pambuyo popanga masamba, feteleza feteleza amasintha ndi phosphorous. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti kukula kwa chomera kumatha kuyima akadali masamba a masamba osakhalitsa.

Momwe mungasinthire Gloxinia:

Mapeto

Chomera chilichonse chimafuna chisamaliro chabwino, kusanjika kwakanthawi ndi kudyetsa. Palibe zovuta pakukula bwino maluwa a gloxinia. Wina ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe angathere kutuluka ndi kutuluka kwa chomerachi ndipo nyumba yanu yotenthetsera nyumba idzakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, yamitundu yambiri komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya gloxinia.