Tropical Afelandra kunyumba. Zithunzi za zomera ndi malamulo osamalira

Pakati pa maluwa ambiri amkati, chomera chotentha chotchedwa Afelandra chimakhala chowala bwino ndi masamba owala mosiyanasiyana.

Dzinalo limapangidwa powonjezera mawu awiri achi Greek: aphelis - simple and andros - man. Chomeracho chimakhala chosavuta pochoka.

Ngati zinthu zina sizinapangidwe, ndiye kuti Afelandra imatha kufota ndi kufa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa momwe mungasamalire bwino chomeracho.

Ndizokhudza kusamalira chomera kunyumba, za matenda ndi tizirombo zomwe zingachitike, polimbana nawo ndipo tikambirana m'nkhaniyi.

Kufotokozera kwa maluwa

Afelandra ndi malo otentha, okonda chinyezi komanso otentha a banja la acanthus. Amakula m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha a mayiko aku North ndi South America, omwe amadziwika ndi chinyezi chambiri. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira 50 mpaka 195 mitundu ndi mitundu. Amakula ngati chokongoletsera chothamanga komanso chokongoletsera-maluwa m'nyumba shrub.

Mitundu yotsika kwambiri ikufunika pamalowo. Kunyumba yamaluwa, zimawoneka ngati zovuta kukula, zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndi chisamaliro. Ngati sikutheka kupanga zofunikira, ndiye kuti duwa litha kufa.

Chithunzi

Pansipa pali zithunzi za duwa ili:

Kukula

Afelandra ndimakhalidwe obiriwira obiriwira nthawi zonse... Mukakulira m'nyumba, maluwawo amafika kutalika masentimita 30-90. M'chilengedwe, aphelandra scuarrosa imapezeka, yomwe imatha kufika mamita awiri.

ZOKHUDZA: Mitundu yofala kwambiri yomwe imatha kumera ndi kuphulika panyumba ndi aphelandra yotupa ndi aphelandra ya lalanje.

Chitsamba chanyumba chimakhala ndi masamba akulu okhala ndi mawonekedwe owala, osalala. Masamba analoza mozungulira. Mtunduwo ndi wobiliwira mdima wokhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yachikaso.

Afelandra imamasula kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira kapena kumapeto kwa masika... Ma bracts ataliatali amtundu wamakona wamba amapentedwa ndi utoto wachikaso, lalanje kapena utoto wofiira. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa osakanikirana amakhala ndi ma stamens anayi ndi pistil imodzi. Ma inflorescence ndi lilac, lalanje, wofiirira, wachikasu. Afelandra imamasula kwa miyezi iwiri, koma yopitilira 3.

Kumapeto kwa nyengo yamaluwa, bokosi la mbewu limapangidwa, lomwe limagawika magawo awiri. Phando lililonse limakhala ndi mbewu ziwiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumera duwa latsopano.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kunyumba?

Kukula afelandra ndi ntchito yovuta, munthu amene waigula ayenera kukhala wokonzeka kumvetsera kwambiri. Chomera chotentha ichi chimazolowera kutentha, kutentha kwambiri komanso kuwala. Ndizoletsedwa konse kuti nthaka iume ndi kutentha... Ngati chomeracho sichipatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera, ndiye kuti duwa lidzaleka kufalikira, kufota kapena kufa.

Kutentha

Mpweya wamkati uyenera kukhala wofunda nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Kutentha kotentha kwambiri mchilimwe ndi 20-27 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, zokhutira zimaloledwa pamadigiri 15-20. Afelandru iyenera kukhala kunja kwa mthunzi kuchokera padzuwa. Amapezeka pazenera kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa chipinda.

M'nyengo yotentha, duwa limatha kutengedwa kupita khonde, koma kutetezedwa ku ma drafti ndi mvula. M'nyengo yozizira, malo omwe ali ndi duwa ayenera kuunikiridwa momwe angathere, nyali za fulorosenti zimayikidwa, ngati izi sizichitika, chomeracho chimasiya kufalikira.

Kuthirira

Thirirani chomeracho, koma osalola kuti chinyontho chizime pansi. Mukapeza madzi ochulukirapo pachitini, ayenera kuthiridwa nthawi yomweyo. Analimbikitsa pafupipafupi kuthirira 1 nthawi m'masiku 3-4.

Kupopera mbewu mu chilimwe kumakhala kofunika kangapo patsiku. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yakukula imachedwetsa, chifukwa chake kumwa madzi kumakhala kotsika.

Ndibwino kuti muzikhala chinyezi mchipinda osachepera 60%, popeza mwachilengedwe Afelandra amakula m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso mvula yambiri. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso kutentha.

Kuthirira mbewu kumayenera kuchitidwa mosamala, kupewa madontho pamasamba.

Kudulira

Kusamalira afelandra kunyumba ndizosatheka popanda kudulira. Njirayi imachitika kuti maluwawo apange mitundu yokongola kwambiri. Dulani chomeracho kumapeto kwa dzinja, kukula kwamphamvu kusanayambe.... Mphukira zonse zimachotsedwa, kusiya masentimita 20-25. Kuti ayambe kuchira msanga, afelandras amaikidwa pa kapu yapulasitiki pamphika, pambuyo pake amapopera ndi kupumira mpweya.

Mu chomera chaching'ono, tsinani nsonga zokha, ndikupatsa mphukira mawonekedwe okongola. Ngati izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti duwa, pakatha zaka zingapo, litambasula mwamphamvu, ndipo masamba otsika ayamba kugwa. Munthawi imeneyi, chomeracho chitha kuziika, munthu wamkulu aphelandra amasunthira mumphika watsopano kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu, ndikubzala kamodzi pachaka. Ndiponso kuti mukonzenso dothi la izi, chotsani gawo lakale ndikuwonjezera nthaka yatsopano.

Nthaka ndi mavalidwe apamwamba

Kulima bwino kwa Afelandra kumadalira kwambiri mtundu wa nthaka ndikudyetsa ndi feteleza zosiyanasiyana. Ndi nthaka yanji yogulidwa yomwe ili yoyenera? Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti dziko lapansi ndi lotayirira komanso lopuma. Feteleza amathiridwa milungu iwiri iliyonse chilimwe; m'nyengo yozizira, kamodzi pamwezi ndikwanira.

Kapangidwe ka mavalidwe ayenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa za Afelandra:

• Ngati sichiphulika kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi bwino kuwonjezera phosphorous ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni.
• Masamba akugwa akuwonetsa kusowa kwa potaziyamu.
• Manyowa a nayitrogeni amawonjezeredwa pakuphwanya masamba.

Ngati dothi louma, musanagwiritse ntchito feteleza, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa bwino, apo ayi mwina litha kuyaka.

Feteleza otsatirawa ndi oyenera kudyetsa Afelandra:

1. Energen, kapisozi 1 pa madzi okwanira 1 litre.
2. Agricole, 1 tbsp. supuni ya 3 malita a madzi. Palinso feteleza ngati nkhuni, zomwe zimangolowetsedwa mumphika wamaluwa. Imasungunuka mkati mwa miyezi 1-2.
3. Feteleza ochokera ku Bona Forte kapena KOY REASIL.
4. Baikal EM-1 yazomera zamkati.
5. M'nyengo yozizira, supuni 1 pa lita imodzi ya mphika ndiyabwino kuthira feteleza GUMI-OMI "Wokongoletsa-wopepuka".

Kanema kakanema kosamalira zinyama:

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Afelandra, monga chomera china chilichonse, ili ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Amakhala ndi matendawa:

• Masamba akugwa... Choyamba, izi zimachitika ngati duwa sililandira kuchuluka kwa madzi kenako mizu imayamba kuuma. Mwina chifukwa chake chinali kutentha kotsika kwa mpweya kapena ma drafts mchipinda chomwe chomeracho chilipo. Komanso kuchuluka kwa dzuwa lomwe limagwa pa aphelandra.
• Afelandra sichiphuka... Nthawi zambiri, mutagula chomera maluwa m'sitolo, chimasiya kuphulika kunyumba. Pofuna kupewa izi kuti zisachitike m'nyengo yozizira, shrub iyenera kupatsidwa nthawi yogona mchipinda chozizira komanso chowala, ndipo ndibwino kuti muzule kudula kwatsopano. Achichepere Afelandra amasangalala ndi kukongola kwa inflorescence wachikasu-lalanje pafupipafupi.
• Mphepete mwachitsulo chachitsulo chofiirira... Pali zifukwa ziwiri za matendawa:
  1. Nkhungu ya Leaf, ikawonekera, m'pofunika kuchotsa masamba owonongeka ndikupopera maluwa onse ndi yankho la fungicide.
  2. Chinyezi chokwanira cha mpweya. Pofuna kuthetseratu, mutha kuyika chomeracho mu thireyi ndi utuchi wonyowa.
• Brown amawonekera tsamba lonse... Amawonekera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa chomeracho mumthunzi ndikusowa kwa mpweya, ndipo kuwulutsa kofunikirako kofunikirako kumafunika.
• Chomeracho chimafota, chifukwa chakupezeka kosalembedwa. Muyenera kusunthira maluwa kuchipinda china.

Afelandru imakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo totsatira:

1. Malangizo a mbewu zazing'ono ndi ochititsa chidwi nsabwe... Kuti athetse, mankhwala monga "Akarin", "Iskra Bio" ndioyenera.
2. Malo otsika a pepala amakonda chishango... Ikhoza kudziwika pamene pachimake chofiirira chikuwonekera ndikusiya mwadzidzidzi kugwa. Ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira zikuwonekera, ndiye kuti chithandizo ndikwanira kupukuta masambawo ndikupukuta konyowa. Pazovuta kwambiri, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi Fitoverm kapena Actellik solution kungathandize.
3. Mealybug... Imadziwika ndi utoto woyera pamasamba. Pankhondoyi, njira zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chishango.

Mapeto

Ngakhale kuti Afelandra ndi chomera chotentha, chopatsa mphamvu kwambiri ndipo chimafuna kusamalira chinyezi cha dothi ndi mpweya, ndizotheka kuthana nacho. Zokwanira kupereka chomera chamkati mosamala, kenako afelandra izikhala bwino chaka chonse.

Onerani kanemayo: Mwana wamwalila chifukwa chomangisa kumutu, Nkhani za mMalawi (Mulole 2024).