Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha kukwera kwa Polka. Kusamalira mbewu ndi kubereka

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Maluwa okwerawa ndi otchuka kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa makonde ndikugwiritsidwira ntchito kulima mozungulira, kukongoletsa mabango ndi gazebos. Chomerachi chimawoneka bwino chikaphatikizidwa ndi maluwa opotana.

Komanso m'nkhaniyi, tikukuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane za mitundu iyi ndi kusiyana kwake ndi mitundu ina, tidzawonetsa pachithunzicho momwe duwa limawonekera. Tidzakupatsani tsatane-tsatane malangizo akusamalira chomera chokongola ichi, komanso kukuwuzani zamavuto ndi tizirombo tambiri tokwera Polka.

Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane ndi chithunzi

Maluwa okwerawa amatha kukula ngati chikwapu - wokwera kapena mpira wawukulu. Mitengo:

wamphamvu;
wolimba;
lonse;
wandiweyani.

Mphukira zokwera rose Polka:

zolimba;
wandiweyani;
ndi ma spike akuluakulu.

Masamba akulu obiriwira obiriwira. Maluwa a maluwa a Polka amakhala ndi masamba 25-35, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala terry. Amatha kulinganizidwa kamodzi ndi maburashi.

Maluwa ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

pichesi;
miyala yamtengo wapatali;
apurikoti.

Popita nthawi, nsonga za masamba zimazimiririka ndikukoma. Zotsatira zake, maluwawo amawoneka apachiyambi kwambiri.

Mbiri yoyambira

Polka ndi mitundu yaku France. Idapangidwa mu 1991 ku nazale. M'chaka chomwecho, zosiyanasiyana zidayambitsidwa ku United States.

Kukwera kwa Rose Polka kunapezeka podutsa pa 'Meipaisar' × 'Golden Showers' ndi mungu wa 'Lichtkonigin Lucia'. Zimaphatikizira bwino maluwa okwera maluwa komanso mawonekedwe okongola a duwa.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani ndi mitundu ina?

Kukwera kosiyanasiyana Polka kumasiyana ndi mitundu ina yokwera m'maluwa ake akulu. Tsinde lake limakula mofulumira, kufika kutalika kwa mamita 2. Kuti apange korona wolondola, chomeracho chiyenera kudulidwa nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yotentha, duwa limamasula kangapo m'maluwa akulu... M'nyengo yozizira, yopanda pogona, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kupirira kutentha kotsika -29 ° C (werengani zambiri za nyengo zachisanu-zolimba za maluwa okwera pano).

Pachimake

Polka imamasula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso mochuluka. Mphukira mofanana imasinthana. Pali zochuluka kwambiri mwakuti nthambi zimaweramira pansi. Maluwa amayamba mu June ndipo amapitilira ndi zosokoneza zazing'ono mpaka nthawi yophukira. M'malo otentha, pamatha kukhala maluwa atatu, ozizira - awiri. Maluwa amasintha mawonekedwe ndi utoto kutengera:

kutentha;
chinyezi;
nyengo.

Ngati kutentha ndi kowuma, ndiye kuti masamba ake amaphuka msanga. Kupanga kwa grid shading kudzathandiza kupewa izi. Maluwa owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Kukwera Polka nthawi zambiri sikuphuka chifukwa cha nthaka yatha... Maluwawo safunikira kubzalidwa m'nthaka zamchenga ndi zadothi. Mphukira m'dera lazu zimatetezeranso mbewuyo kuti isafalikire. Mphukira zambiri zikamera, duwa limasanduka maluwa akutchire, omwe amatenga michere yambiri. Mphukira zosafunikira ziyenera kudulidwa panthaka.

Komanso, zifukwa zomwe kukwera kwa Polka sikuphulika ndi izi:

nayitrogeni owonjezera;
matenda;
osati malo oyenera.

Kupitilira apo pa vidiyoyi mutha kuwona bwino momwe Polka idadzera maluwa:

Gawo ndi gawo malangizo osamalira

Musanadzale maluwa a polka Ndikofunika kusankha malo oyenera, poganizira za nthaka... Samalola madera otsika, momwe madzi amadzikundikira, kuwononga mizu, chifukwa chake malo athyathyathya ndiabwino kwa iye.

Mitunduyi imakula bwino m'malo omwe kuli dzuwa komanso mthunzi. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pokhapokha pakalandira kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa, chomeracho chimakula kwambiri. Mtundu wa nthaka ya loamy ndioyenera, womwe umadutsa madzi bwino. Malo ena akuyenera kuchitidwa chonde powonjezera:

feteleza wa phosphate;
humus;
chakudya chamfupa.

Pansi pa dzenje, wokonzeka kubzala maluwa okwera, muyenera kuthira humus kapena manyowa.

Chenjezo! Ngalande zobzala maluwa a Polka atha kukulitsidwa ndi dothi, zidutswa za njerwa kapena miphika yadothi.

Mzu wa chomeracho uyenera kukhala wakuya masentimita 12kumene udzazike mizu. Pakuya, duwa silimazizira nthawi yozizira. Mutabzala, imayenera kuthiriridwa bwino - osachepera ndowa imodzi pachitsamba. Nthaka iyenera kupendedwa mosamala kuti pasakhale mizu pamtunda.

Maluwa amapatsidwa mankhwala kapena feteleza okhala ndi peat. Pa nyengo yokula, amafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito kanayi, ndipo nthawi yamaluwa, umuna sofunikira.

Pa kukwera kwa Polka, thandizo lina likufunika... Zitha kukhala:

thunthu;
nkhuni zakale;
matabwa, chitsulo Grill.

Akatswiri a zamaluwa amalangiza kuyika zogwirizira pafupi ndi khoma., pomwe mphukira zimamangirizidwa, maluwa adzawonekera pamwamba pake. Ngati zogwirizira zimayikidwa mopingasa, ndiye kuti maluwawo adzawoneka diso m'dera lonselo.

Tchire la anthu okwera polka Polka amaikidwapo pokhapokha ngati lifunika kupulumutsidwa mwachangu kapena malowa sakhala oyenera kulimapo. Ntchito zimachitika mu Seputembara - koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Ndiye chomeracho chidzakhala ndi nthawi yomera mizu isanafike chisanu. Mutha kuchita izi mchaka, koma masamba asanawuke.

Chitsambacho chimakumbidwa mosamala mozungulira... Kuwonongeka kwa mizu sikuyenera kuloledwa. Atakumba, kutsuka dothi, kudulira ndi kuwombera. Pambuyo pake, amabzalidwa mu dzenje lomwe adakumba kale. Maluwa a Polka sayenera kuthiridwa, koma chilala sichiyenera kuloledwa. Pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse cha maluwa omwe abzalidwa, madzi ofunda amayenera kutsanulidwa katatu pamlungu. Ndikutentha kwenikweni komwe kumafunikira, chifukwa mizuyo sinakhwime, chifukwa chake samachita bwino ndi madzi ozizira.

Zofunika! Kukwera kwadzuka Polka kumafuna kudulira, komwe kumathandiza kupanga korona wobiriwira, kumapangitsa maluwa, motero kukulitsa kukongoletsa kwa duwa. Chifukwa chodulira moyenera, chomeracho chimaphuka mosalekeza nthawi yonse yokula.

Ntchito izi zimachitika mchaka ndi nthawi yophukira. Maluwawo asanayambe kuphulika, mphukira zachisanu ndi zotha ntchito zimachotsedwa m'tchire, ndipo zotsalazo amazidulira mphukira yolimba yakunja. Zotsatira kudulira kumadalira kuchuluka kwa nyengo zamaluwa pachaka.

Kukwera kwa Polka kumafunikira kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu, yomwe imayimitsa:

glaze;
kumasula nthaka;
kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni.

Muyenera kukonzekera chomeracho nyengo yachisanu nyengo yadzuwa.... Mkwapulo wa duwa uyenera kuchotsedwa muzogwirizira ndikudula mopitirira muyeso. Ikani nthambi za spruce kapena masamba owuma pansi. Mangani zikwapu mwamphamvu ndi chingwe ndikuzikakamiza pansi ndi ngowe kapena arcs. Phimbani bwino maluwa okwera polka amalangizidwa pokhapokha kutentha kukatsika mpaka + 5 ° C. Maluwawo atayamba kutsekedwa kale, amayamba kukula kapena kutulutsa maluwa. Phimbani pamwamba ndi bokosi.

Momwe mungafalikire?

Kukwera kwake kumafalikira ndi kudula. Ndi amene amakulolani kuti musunge mawonekedwe ake osiyanasiyana. Cuttings ayenera kusankhidwa mosamala, ayenera kukhala ndi ma internode angapo. Ayenera kukhala athanzi.

Musanazibzala munthaka, masamba onse amadulidwa pansi.
Ndiye mizu iyenera kukula pa iyo. Kuti muchite izi, kudula kumayikidwa m'madzi owiritsa komanso otentha pasadakhale, ndipo nthaka yomwe imabzalidwa imadzazidwa ndi humus ndipo mchenga umawonjezeredwa pamenepo.
Mphukira iyi imabzalidwa mumphika wosiyana, imadzazidwa pansi ndi masentimita 1-1.5. Mphika wokhala ndi chogwirira cha duwa lokwera Polka uyenera kuyikidwa pamalo otentha.
M'tsogolomu, musanadzalemo pamalo otseguka, amadulidwa mpaka masentimita 20. Izi zidzathandiza kuti chitsamba chikule kwambiri, ndipo duwa lidzaphuka kwambiri m'tsogolomu.

Malangizo! Ngati mukuganiza kuti chomeracho chikulunga china, chikuyenera kubzalidwa patali masentimita 40-50 kuchokera pachinthu chomwe chakonzedwa.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Polka imapatsidwa mphamvu zolimbana ndi matenda monga powdery mildew ndi malo akuda. Matenda owopsa kwambiri ndi awa:

imvi zowola;
makungwa owotcha;
khansa ya bakiteriya.

Palibe mankhwalawa, koma ngati mukufunitsitsa kupewa, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuwopsa kwake. Pofuna kupewa, olima maluwa amalangizidwa kuti abzale mbewu m'malo otseguka pomwe mpweya umazungulira bwino, ndikuumitsa masamba kuchokera ku chinyezi.

Tizilombo tokwera pamwamba pa Polka timaphatikizira nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude... Ngati alipo ochepa, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa kulimbana ndi mankhwala owerengeka. Nyerere zam'munda zimapwetekanso duwa ili. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kudzakuthandizani kuchotsa tizirombo tonse.

Kukwera kwa Polka ndiwosangalatsa membala wabanja lachifumu. Mukasamalira bwino, mudzatha kusilira maluwa ake okongola okongola kwazaka zambiri ndikupumira kununkhira kokoma. Olima dimba ambiri, kuti abisele kumunsi kwa tchire, komwe kulibe masamba ambiri, amabzala mbewu zochepa pafupi.

Machitidwe olima m'minda tsopano ali otchuka, chifukwa chake kukwera maluwa ndikofunikira kwambiri. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge zolemba zathu ndikudziwana ndi mitundu monga Amadeus, Elf, Sympathy, Santana, Laguna, Rosarium Uthersen, Lavinia, Iceberg, Pierre de Ronsard.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema wophunzitsa za kukwera kwa Polka:

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