Zosangalatsa za momwe makangaza amakulira m'chilengedwe komanso kunyumba
Makangaza akhala akudziwika ndi anthu kuyambira kalekale. Sikuti mwangozi amatchedwa mfumu ya zipatso - zipatsozo zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yomwe imapindulitsa paumoyo.
Amalumikizidwa ndi mayiko akumwera, komwe amakula mwachilengedwe, koma chomerachi chimakulanso ku Russia, mwachitsanzo, ku Caucasus, kumwera kwa Krasnodar Territory, mdera la Azov. Alimi ena amalimanso m'midzi.
Kodi zimakula bwanji m'chilengedwe komanso kunyumba?
Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa mawonekedwe
Zipatso zamakangaza zimamera pamitengo kapena zitsamba zosafalikira, kutalika kwake komwe m'chilengedwe kumafika mamita sikisi mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Mitengo yamunda nthawi zambiri imakula - mpaka mamita atatu kapena anayi. Obereketsa apanganso mitundu yaying'ono yazomera zakunyumba.
Kunja, sizimasiyana ndi mitengo ya makangaza yomwe imakula panja, koma imakula osaposa mita imodzi ndi theka, nthawi zambiri - masentimita 60-70. Mphukira zingapo zimamera kuchokera pamizu imodzi, imodzi mwazomwe zimakhala zazikulu komanso zowirira, chomera chimakhala ngati mtengo.
Masamba ndi ochepa, oblong, wandiweyani, owala, ophatikizidwa m'magulu. Mbali imodzi ya pepalayi ndi yakuda kuposa inayo. Kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, maluwa a lalanje amawoneka, kuyambira kukula kuyambira 2 mpaka 5 sentimita, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi mabelu. Mtengo wamakangaza umamasula kwa nthawi yayitali, wochuluka ndipo umawoneka wokongola nthawi imodzi, chifukwa chake umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chokongoletsera. Nthambizo ndizowonda, zopindika, zokutidwa ndi makungwa ofiira owala.
Kukula kwake
Kukula kumadalira momwe zinthu ziliri, kusiyanasiyana ndi kubzala... Kunyumba, makangaza akhoza kulimidwa kuchokera ku mbewu, koma zimatenga nthawi ndi khama. Kwa chaka chimodzi, mphukira yomwe yabzalidwa motere idzafika masentimita 20-25.
Kubzala ndikudula kumathandizira kuti ntchitoyi ichitike kawiri, koma kukula kumachedwetsa pansi pazovuta. M'malo ake achilengedwe, mtengo wamakangaza umayamba kubala zipatso zaka 5-6.
Mitundu yamaluwa, pansi pazabwino ndi chisamaliro chabwino, imakondwera ndi zipatso pang'ono pang'ono - pofika zaka 3-4, ndipo mitundu ya m'nyumba imabala zipatso chaka chachiwiri.
Zimakhala zaka zingati?
Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, pali nkhokwe zomwe zimakhala zaka 200-300. Minda yamaluwa yamakangaza imapangidwanso pambuyo pa zaka 50-60, kuyambira pamenepo kubereka kwawo kumachepa. Zipinda zapakhomo zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, koma zaka zawo zimadalira kwambiri mawonekedwe a chisamaliro.
Makhalidwe a zipatso zakucha
Kodi zipatso zimapsa msanga motani?
Chodziwika bwino cha mitengo ya makangaza ndikuti zipatso sizimangirizidwa ku duwa lililonse (zambiri zimagwa). Mlingo wa kucha zipatso umasiyanasiyana kwambiri kutengera dera lakukula, mitundu yazomera, mikhalidwe. Nthawi ino imakhala kuyambira masiku 170 mpaka 220 ndipo zipatso zakucha zimakololedwa kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Novembala, kutengera momwe zinthu zilili. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti zipatsozo sizimangidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo kucha kumachitika pang'onopang'ono.
Amawoneka bwanji?
Maonekedwe a zipatso zamakangaza amadziwika bwino kwa aliyense. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ozungulira. Zipatso, mtundu uwu wa zipatso umatchedwa "makangaza". Mtundu wa zipatso zakupsa ndi bulauni-bulauni, pamwamba pake pamakhala kovutirapo. Mkati mwake muli mbewu zambiri zotsekemera komanso zowawasa zokutidwa ndi zamkati zofiira zamadzi. Mbeu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi siponji septa.
Makangaza amodzi amatha kukhala ndi mbewu 200 mpaka 1400... Mtengo wa chipatsocho ndi pafupifupi masentimita 12. Kodi chipatso chimodzi chimalemera motani popanda khungu? Kulemera kwake kumatha kufikira 500 g, koma theka lokha la misa iyi imatha kudya, chifukwa makangaza amodzi ali pafupifupi 250 g.Pafupifupi makilogalamu 60 a zipatso amakololedwa pamtengo umodzi.
Zomera zapakhomo zimabala zipatso zazing'ono - kuyambira 4 mpaka 6 masentimita. Ndi acidic kwambiri kuposa anzawo akumwera.
Chithunzi
Pachithunzipa m'munsimu mukuwona momwe makangaza amakulira kunyumba ndi m'munda.
Zinthu zabwino pamtengo wamakangaza
Makangaza ndi chomera chakumwera chokonda kutentha, ndipo izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mukamakula. Podzala, muyenera kusankha malo otseguka, opepuka ndi nthaka yachonde. Pakatikati panjirayo, zomera zomwe zikukula poyera ziyenera kutsekedwa m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti achite izi, amabzalidwa pamtunda wa madigiri 45, kuti zitheke bwino. Kumbali ina, mabomba apanyumba amayenera kusungidwa m'malo ozizira m'nyengo yozizira.
Makangaza ndi chomera chothandiza komanso chokongola... Ngakhale idayamba kotentha, imatha kulimidwa ngakhale munjira yapakatikati mosamala. Mitundu yokometsera yokha ndi yocheperako ndipo idzakhala yokongoletsa chipinda chilichonse.