Maluwa ofatsa Anna: malongosoledwe ndi chithunzi cha mitundu, maluwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe amalo, chisamaliro ndi zina zabwino

Maluwa ndi zokongoletsa zamaluwa komanso munda wamaluwa. Ndipo lero tikambirana za mtundu umodzi wa duwa losakanizidwa - Anna.

Munkhaniyi mupeza kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha mitundu iyi, muphunzira za mbiri yazomwe zimachitika ndikusiyana ndi mitundu ina, mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito mapangidwe amalo, komanso kumvetsetsa momwe mungakwaniritsire maluwa. Pezani malangizo mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungasamalire maluwa ndi kuberekana m'njira zosiyanasiyana, komanso momwe mungathanirane ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana

Maluwawo amakhala ndi utoto wonyezimira, ndipo pang'ono pang'ono pinki zimawonekera m'mbali mwake kunja. Mphukira yamtunduwu imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 7, ndipo ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu, masentimita 15. Kapangidwe ka mphukira kali kawiri, kuchuluka kwa masamba kumakhala pafupifupi zidutswa 45.

Kutalika kwa tchire kumafika pafupifupi 140 cm... Masamba a tchire ndi akulu komanso obiriwira mdima. Maluwa osiyanasiyana ndi tiyi wosakanizidwa.

Ubwino wa mitundu iyi ndizabwino kwambiri kukana matenda, kukana kwambiri chisanu ndi minga yochepa. Maluwawo sawopa mvula, kutentha kwambiri ndipo amalekerera nyengo yotentha bwino, koma ndikutentha kwakukulu, maluwa a tchire amatha kuchepa.

Chithunzi

Komanso mu chithunzi mutha kuwona momwe duwa la Anna limawonekera.

Mbiri yoyambira

Mitunduyi idapezeka mu 1990 ku France ndi woyambitsa Paul Pecmez mu kampani yomwe ndi mtsogoleri wadziko lonse pakufufuza, kuswana ndi kutsatsa mitundu yatsopano yamaluwa.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani ndi mitundu ina?

Maluwawo ndi olimba mtima ndipo amalekerera kudula bwino... Maluwawo akadulidwa, amatha kuyimirira m'madzi kwa masiku 14. Potengera kukhazikika kwake ndi kukongola kwake, izi ndizabwino kuposa zina zonse. Mitunduyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima panja komanso m'malo otenthetsa.

Ndi liti ndipo limamasula bwanji?

Nthawi yamaluwa yamaluwa ndiyokhazikika, imakhala kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Kusamalira musanafike ndi pambuyo ndi maluwa. Kukula ndi maluwa akutchire zimadalira momwe mumasamalirira duwa mchaka choyamba chodzala. Maluwa amafunika kuthirira mosamala, kudulira kwamtengo wapatali ndikudyetsa feteleza zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kuwunika momwe tchire lilili kuti tizirombo ndi matenda asapititse patsogolo chikhalidwe chake.

Bwanji ngati sichikuphuka?

Ngati duwa lanu silikuphuka:

• Mbande yosavomerezeka idasankhidwa kuti ibzalidwe.
• Malo osayatsa bwino.
• Nthaka yobzala siyokonzedwa bwino.
• Kuzama kwambiri kapena kutsika kwambiri.
• Kudulira kopanda tchire.
• Chitsambacho sichinayime bwino nyengo yozizira.
• Kutsirira kosayenera.
• Kuperewera kapena kupitirira feteleza.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto lakumaluwa, muyenera kukumba chomeracho, kuchiyika moyenera kumalo ena ndikuyesa kubwezeretsa chomeracho ndi feteleza.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kazithunzi

Maluwa osiyanasiyana osakhwima amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo owoneka bwino. Maluwa amenewa ndi ofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake kwakukulu..

Zikuwoneka bwino m'minda yayikulu, koma itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukongoletsa malo ang'onoang'ono.

M'minda ing'onoing'ono, mutha kupanga mawu omveka bwino motsutsana ndi dambo ndi maluwa ena, ndipo m'minda yayikulu ndibwino kubzala maluwa amenewa m'magulu athunthu. M'mabedi amaluwa, duwa limaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya herbaceous perennials.

Gawo ndi gawo malangizo osamalira

Kusankha mpando

Malo okwerera ayenera kukhala mbali ya dzuwa, koma otetezedwa ku ma drafts ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Malo abwino pafupi ndi nyumba kapena tchire lalitali.

Kusunga nthawi

Masika ndi nthawi yabwino kubzala duwa, ndiye kuti imatha kuzika ndipo nyengo yachisanu idzayenda bwino. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, dothi limakumana ndi ndowe za ng'ombe.

Nthaka

Nthaka yoyenera kubzala ndi umuna, yotayirira komanso yopanda dongo.

Kufika

Mitengo

Momwe mungasankhire? Ndi bwino kugula mbande mu Marichi, posankha, samverani zaubwino wake... Mizu iyenera kukhala yopanda kuwola ndikukhala ndi mawonekedwe "athanzi". Kuthengo, mphukira 3 mpaka 4 iyenera kupangidwa.

Musanabzala, ndi bwino kusunga mbande pansi, ndikuwaza mizu ndi mchenga wouma. Nthawi yabwino kutsika ndi kuyambira Meyi mpaka Juni, kusanachitike kutentha.

Musanadzalemo, mizu imanyowetsedwa m'madzi kwa maola awiri. Pofuna kuthira mankhwala mizu, njira yofooka ya manganese imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe mizu imanyowa kwa theka la ora. Kuzama kwa fossa kuyenera kukhala masentimita 50-60 kuti mizu izikhala momasuka ndipo isapinde. Zisanachitike izi, nthaka imathiriridwa ndi madzi okwanira 2 malita.

Pambuyo pake, theka la dzenje ladzaza mofanana ndi chisakanizo cha nthaka, mchenga ndi feteleza. Chotsatira, mmera umabzalidwa m'nthaka wokonzedwa, pafupifupi masentimita 2-3, mpaka kukulira. Nthaka yozungulira chomerayo ndiyophatikizika pang'ono, ndipo chimbudzi chimapangidwa kuchokera pansi, kotero kuti mukamwetsa, madzi amayenderera kumizu.

Mbewu

Zipatso zokololedwa kumapeto kwa chirimwe zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zabwino kwambiri. Mukakolola, zipatsozo zimadulidwa magawo awiri kuti nyembazo zitheke. Mbeu zimatsukidwa mu hydrogen peroxide kwa mphindi 20 pogwiritsa ntchito sieve. Izi zachitika kuti aphe mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana. Mbewu zingabzalidwe m'munda komanso kunyumba.

1. Pakukula panyumba, mbewu zimayikidwa pakati pa gawo lapansi loviikidwa mu hydrogen peroxide.
2. Kuphatikiza apo, nyumba yonseyi imakutidwa ndi kanema kapena thumba ndikuyika mufiriji.
3. Kwa miyezi iwiri, njere zimayesedwa ndikunyowa ngati kuli kofunikira.
4. Mbeu zikacha, zimabzalidwa m'miphika. Kwa maola 10 oyamba amafunikira kuyatsa bwino.
5. Kuti mizu ipange, maluwa oyamba kukula ayenera kudulidwa.

Podzala mbewu m'munda, mbewu zimabzalidwa chimodzimodzi kenako zimabzalidwa munthaka wokhala ndi chonde komanso nthaka yolimba. Nthawi yobzala mbewu ndi Ogasiti.

Kutentha

Mitunduyi imadzichepetsa chifukwa cha nyengo, imagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, ndipo imalekerera chisanu bwino. Koma m'nyengo yozizira, mabedi amayenerabe kuphimbidwa.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira duwa kuyenera kukhala kochuluka, koma kawirikawiri, kamodzi pa sabata ndikwanira... Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amvula kapena madzi osungunuka. Mukamwetsa, ndikofunikira kuti masamba ndi masamba asanyowe. Mukabzala komanso nthawi yamaluwa, tchire limatha kuthiriridwa katatu patsiku. Pakugwa, kuthirira sikuyenera kutulutsidwa. Kuthirira kumatheka pokhapokha ngati mvula ilibe.

Zovala zapamwamba

Maluwa ambiri, tchire limadyetsedwa ndi feteleza amchere, komanso kukonza nthaka ndi organic. Palibe chifukwa chodyetsera chaka choyamba, popeza feteleza adagwiritsidwa kale nthawi yobzala.

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira, masamba amapopera potaziyamu sulphate... Chovala choyamba choyamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mchaka, ndi feteleza owuma. Pambuyo kuthirira, fetereza amabalalika kuthengo, kenako amakonzanso ndikuthiranso.

Pambuyo pa sabata komanso kumapeto kwa nyengo, feteleza wamafuta amathiridwa - yankho la mullein. Imaikidwa mozungulira chitsamba, imamasulidwa ndi nthaka ndikuthirira. Duwa likakhala ndi ovary ya masamba, limadyetsedwa ndikulowetsedwa ndowe za ng'ombe. Mu nyengo yogwira maluwa, sikoyenera kudyetsa tchire.

Kupalira

Kuti maluwa aphukire mwachangu, muyenera kupalira tchire pafupipafupi namsongole.

Kuphatikiza

Mulching ikuchitika mchaka... Njirayi imalimbikitsanso mizu ndikuchepetsa namsongole. Zinthu zopangira mulch zitha kukhala udzu, kompositi, tsamba la humus. Kutalika kwa mulch kuyenera kukhala osachepera 5 cm.

Kumasula

Nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa, ndi bwino kuchita izi mutadyetsa kapena kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi. Izi zimachitika kuti mudzaze mpweya. Nthaka iyenera kusunga chinyezi bwino, izi ndi zabwino pamizu.

Kudulira

• Zodzitetezera... Kudulira mankhwala kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika kuti athane ndi matenda a fungal ndi matenda osiyanasiyana amtchire. Mphukira za Rose zimafupikitsidwa, ndikungotsala masamba ochepa. Dulani mphukira amawotchedwa. Mukadulira, chomeracho chimapopera mankhwala ndi 3% yankho la sulfate yamkuwa.
• Wopanga... Kudulira koyambirira kumachitika chaka chilichonse, pofika masika. Zitsambazo zimayang'aniridwa mosamala, pambuyo pake mphukira zochulukirapo zimadulidwa. Ndikofunika kuti kudulira sikuvulaze maluwa akutchire, komanso kuti sipangakhale mphukira zowonjezera pa rozi. Ngati simutchera nthawi, mphukira zazitali zimera posachedwa, zomwe zingasokoneze kukula kwa tchire.

Tumizani

Kuika tchire kumachitika kugwa. Chitsambacho chimakumbidwa kuti mizu isakhudzidwe. Koma ngakhale mizu ina ikawonongeka, kuchira kumachitika mwachangu.

Chitsambacho chimakumbidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera mbali zonse, ndikumira pang'onopang'ono mumizu... Pofika pamtunda, womwe umalowa pansi kwambiri, umadulidwa. Kenako, chitsamba chimayalidwa m'thumba lalikulu lokonzedweratu. Phando lodzala latsopano liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa kale. Maluwa obzalidwa ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kusungunuka. Kudulira kuyenera kuyimitsidwa mpaka masika.

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira

Kuti tchire lizizizira bwino, liyenera kukhala lokutidwa ndi masamba owuma kapena nthambi za mitengo ya paini. Fukani pamwamba ndi peat kapena nthaka, mpaka 25 cm kutalika.

Kubereka

Njira ziwiri zofalitsira maluwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: kudula ndi kumtengowo.

Zodula

1. Mphukira, matabwa omwe sanakhwime bwino, amadulidwa ndikugawika m'madulidwe, omwe kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 6. Mphukira iliyonse iyenera kukhala ndi mphukira imodzi ndi masamba.
2. Mphukira zauma, ndipo zocheperako zimakonkhedwa ndi chowonjezera chomwe chimakhudza kukula kwa mizu.
3. Chomeracho chimabzalidwa m'nthaka yodzaza ndi feteleza ndikuphimbidwa ndi zojambulazo.
4. Kuyimitsa, kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu kumachitika nthawi zonse.
5. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimasungidwa, ndipo nyengo yotsatira zimasinthidwa kupita kumalo atsopano kapena kumakula.

Njira Katemera

Pogwiritsa ntchito katemera wa rosehip sagwiritsidwa ntchito osaposa zaka zitatu. Katemera amachitika mu Julayi kapena Ogasiti.

1. Pawombera wapachaka, wosalala, malembedwe antchito a 1 cm mulifupi ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu amadulidwa.
2. Masamba ndi minga zimachotsedwa pa scion.
3. Pakatikati pocheka, mphukirayo imadulidwa limodzi ndi khungwa laling'ono.
4. Nthaka imwazikana kuzungulira m'chiuno mwanjiru ndipo kolala yazu imawonekera - malo pomwe thunthu limasunthira kumizu.
5. Chodulira chofanana ndi chilembo T chimapangidwa pakhosi kulumikiza chitsa ndi scion.
6. Malo olandira katemera ndi okutidwa ndi zojambulazo, kusiya impso kutseguka.
7. Fukani kolala ya mizu kuti tsamba lokhazikitsira masamba libisike.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Matenda ndi matenda a duwa amaphatikizapo:

• downy mildew;
• mbozi mbozi;
• njenjete za mbozi;
• nsabwe zobiriwira.

Ngati mbozi za mbozi kapena njenjete zimawoneka pazomera, ndiye kuti kukonzekera mankhwala kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Masamba onse owonongeka ayenera kudulidwa ndi kuwotchedwa. Chifukwa chachikulu cha powdery mildew ndi chinyezi. Masamba amakuta okutidwa ndi nkhungu, kenako mawanga ofiira ofiira. Kuwononga tizilombo, chitsamba chimapopera kawiri pa sabata ndi yankho la soda. Njirayi iyenera kuchitika kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa Juni.

Tizilombo tina ndi nsabwe zobiriwira.... Itha kuthana ndi yankho la sopo yemwe amapopera pa tsinde ndi masamba. Sopo amawiritsa mu malita 10 amadzi, kenako amalowetsedwa kwa mphindi 15. Ndondomeko ziyenera kubwerezedwa pambuyo masiku 7-10.

Maluwa okongola a tiyi osakanikirana amalimidwa mwaluso ndi akatswiri ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga malo. Pa tsamba lathu lawebusayiti, m'mabuku angapo, mutha kudzidziwitsa nokha za mitundu yolima monga Versilia, Esperanza, Abracadabra, Cherry Brandy, Blush, Orient Express, Black Baccarat, Mfumukazi ya Monaco, Paul Bocuse, Luxor.

Mitundu ya rose imeneyi imafunikira chisamaliro choyenera. Ndipo ngati mutachita khama, mudzasangalala ndi maluwa okongolawa nyengo yonse.

Onerani kanemayo: Sina MsimamoSehemu ya 1. (June 2024).