Kodi ndi zingwe zotani za mipando, mitundu yake

Send

Lero, chifukwa chakukula kwamatekinoloje atsopano, zofunikira pakupanga ndi kupanga zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira nyumba zakula. Zitsulo zamakono komanso zogwirira ntchito zachitsulo, zomwe mitundu yake ndi yosiyanasiyana, momwe kulimba kwa zinthu zapakhomo kumadalira, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zovekera zosankhidwa bwino zimawonjezera kukhazikika pazinyumba, kuzisamutsira kumtunda wapamwamba.

Mitundu

Masiku ano, makina olumikizira mipando amakono amapangidwa mosiyanasiyana. Zipangizo zamipando zosiyanasiyana, kusinthasintha kwawo kumapangitsa kuti zizisowa kugwiritsa ntchito makina okhitchini, matebulo apabedi mosangalala, kutseka ndi kutsegula otsekemera, makabati, zitseko. Mipando yazipangizo malinga ndi cholinga chawo, mawonekedwe amapangidwe, kukhazikitsa kwagawika mitundu:

mapepala
theka-pamwamba;
mkati;
ngodya;
chosiyana;
limba;
khadi;
mezzanine;
mlembi;
malonda;
lombard;
pendulum;
ziphuphu.

Pamwamba ndi theka-pamwamba

Njira zotchinga zakale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mipando, khomo, zitseko zamkati. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, kukula, imapirira katunduyo bwino. Amapereka kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa chitseko cha nduna mozungulira 90, amasunga lamba pamlingo woyenera, ndikupewa kupotoza. Zogwirizirazo zimalumikizidwa ndi nduna ndi mbali yayikulu mbali yamkati yamipando.

Zofolera mipando zimasiyana mosiyana ndi pamwamba pakupindama kwa maziko. Makinawa amakhala okhazikika ngati kuli koyenera kukweza zitseko ziwiri nthawi imodzi mbali imodzi yammbali, kutsegula mbali zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, mahinji awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhitchini.

Pamwamba pamutu

Pamwamba pamutu ndi pamwamba

Pamwamba pamutu

Pamwamba

Zamkati ndi ngodya

Zovekera mipando zimafanana kwambiri ndi zingwe zokutira theka, koma zopindika mozama, zomangirizidwa mkati mwazogulitsa, zoyenererana ndi zitseko zamatabwa zamatabwa, zitseko zolemera za kabati. Zipangizazi zimalumikizidwa mosiyanasiyana ndi zitseko zamipando, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa makabati apakona, ndipo zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kutengera mphambano ya ndege zoyikiramo. Zipangizo zapakona zimapangidwa kuti zizikwera pamtunda wa 30 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, 175 °. Amatha kukhala ndi zotsekera zomangika kapena zosiyana zomwe zimalola kuti chitseko chitseguke bwino.

Pakona

Zamkati

Zosiyana ndi piyano

Mipando yolumikizirana ndi mbali 180 yoyenda, yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa makabati omangidwa ndi makabati. Chingwe cholumikizira cholumikizira chammbali ndi chitseko mosamala molunjika.

Chofukizira chimakhala ndi mbale ziwiri zopaka zomwe zimamangirizidwa wina ndi mnzake. Ngakhale zida za mipando zimawonedwa ngati zachikale, zimayikidwa pazoyambira, muzinthu zina.

Zipika za piano

Limba

Zosiyana

Khadi

Chingwe cholumikizira mipando chimakhala chofananira ndi kapangidwe ka limba. Ma hardware, okhala ndi mbale ziwiri zofananira zolumikizidwa ndi kachingwe, amamangiriridwa kutsogolo ndi chimango kudzera m'mabowo omwe ali m'mbali mwake. Makinawa amakhala ndi kukula kwake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakupanga mipando ya retro, mabasiketi.

Mezzanine ndi mlembi

Ma hinge amafanana ndi phiri lalitali ndipo amaikidwa pamakomo a makabati opachika kukhitchini. Amakonza kutsegula ofukula. Chofunika chake ndi kasupe.

Zipangizo zamipando zimapangidwira ma desiki ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi matabwa otsikira ndi makoma akutsogolo a mipando ya kabati. Mbali ina ya makina ndi kusintha kawiri, kupezeka kwa bulacket wa mlembi, mphero yoyenera yamabowo okhala ndi mamilimita 35 mm.

Mlembi

Mezzanine

Adit ndi lombard

Chingwe chopangidwa ndi kapangidwe kake chimadziwika kuti ndichomwe chimakonda kwambiri pakafunika kulumikiza cholumikizira ndi gulu labodza pakona la 90 °. Zokwanira zimalola zitseko zamtundu uliwonse ndi mawonekedwe kutseka mosavuta komanso mwakachetechete.

Katundu wa mipando yolumikizidwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matebulo okhitchini. Imakonzedwa kumapeto kwa magawo olumikizira nyumbayo, yomwe imakupatsani mwayi kuti mutsegule chitseko madigiri 180.

Limbikitsani

Lombard

Pendulum ndi chidendene

Mbali yaikulu ya phirili ndi kutsegulira mawonekedwe mosiyanasiyana. Makinawo, pokhala ngati mtundu wa chitseko, amapereka zitseko zotseguka pamadigiri 180. Hinge imakhala ndi ntchito yapadera kwambiri, ikaikidwa, imafunika kutsatira molondola malangizo.

Mahinji osavuta amamangiriridwa kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa bokosilo, lokonzedwa ndi ndodo zazing'ono zazing'ono. Njirayi imagwira ntchito pamiyendo yolumikizidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makabati okhitchini ochepa kwambiri m'malo ang'onoang'ono. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kumadalira pamagalasi oyang'ana kumbuyo kumaganiziridwa.

Zamatsenga

Pendulum

Zida zopangira

Chofunikira chazitsulo zanyumba zonse ndikutsatira miyezo yachitetezo. Zida zothandizirana zosavuta, zopereka mayendedwe osunthika azipangizo zam'nyumba, zimapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana. Popanga cholumikizira cholumikizira, wopanga amalingalira mitundu ndi kufunika kwa zinthu za mipando, kutengera izi, chosalira chofunikira chimasankhidwa.

Posankha kumadalira, m'pofunika kuganizira makhalidwe awo: khalidwe la nkhaniyo, magwiridwe ake, kusinthasintha, ndi mawonekedwe achitsanzo. Zotchuka kwambiri komanso zofunikira ndikulumikiza njira zopangidwa ndi mkuwa ndi chitsulo. Amadziwika kuti ndi odalirika kwambiri, okhazikika, osawononga, osayenda bwino, osapunduka.

Chofunikira pakuchita zinthu mosiyanasiyana ndi mtundu wa malonda ndikukhazikitsa kosavuta, kuthekera kosintha mahinji anyumba. Makina omangirira amakono amakupatsani mwayi woti musinthe mawonekedwe ake mu ndege yowongoka, yopingasa komanso yakuya. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamasinthidwe imaperekedwa muvidiyoyi.

Zitsulo

Mkuwa

Kuyika ndi kusintha

Kuti muyike bwino zovekera mipando, palibe chidziwitso chapadera chomwe chimafunikira, chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malamulo ndi malingaliro omwe agwirizana ndi kugula kwa malonda. Musanayambe ntchito, muyenera kudzidziwitsa nokha ndi chosungira, zabwino zake komanso kuthekera kwake. Musanadzipike nokha kumadalira mipando, muyenera kusankha njira yabwino yogwirira ntchito, ndi awa:

konzani zida zofunikira;
pangani chizindikiro;
kuboola mabowo ofunikira;
kukhazikitsa kuzungulira ndi kusintha.

Asanakhazikike kumadalira, m'pofunika kuganizira zofunikira za ndondomekoyi. Mukamapanga zolemba, tsatirani kulondola kwakutali kuti pambuyo pokonza malupu asadzakumanenso. Zipangizo zomangira mipando ziyenera kukhala chimodzimodzi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito gawo lakumangirira.

Mukamapanga kuya kwa mabowo, ndikofunikira kuganizira makulidwe azinthu zomwe mipandoyo imapangidwira.

Gawo lomaliza la kukhazikitsa ndi kusintha kwa zovekera. Njira zosinthira zimafunikira kukhala ndi malingaliro oyenera chifukwa momwe masinthidwewo adzachitikire moyenera zimadalira magwiridwe antchito a mipando. Njira imodzi yosinthira izi mozama ndikusindikiza kapena kumasula cholumikizira thupi. Mwa kupotoza mabowo ovunda, mutha kumangiriza cholumikizacho kwinaku mukugwa. Kusintha kwa mbali kumathandiza kupewa mipata, mipata pakati pa kutsogolo ndi chimango.

Zida

Kusindikiza

Mabowola

Kuyika

Zida zamsonkhano

Pogwiritsira ntchito mipando iliyonse, muyenera kukhala ndi zida zamagetsi, kubowola kwamagetsi. Chida choyamba chofunikira ndi tepi. Kuti mulembe molondola, mufunika pensulo yakuuma kwapakatikati. Hexagon yolumikizira chidutswa chimodzi cholumikizira mbali. Chowombera ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pobowola, kuwombera.

Mutha kuyika mzere woonekera bwino pogwiritsa ntchito sikweya. Chinthu chomwe chimathandiza kwambiri pakusonkhanitsa mipando ndi mpeni wobalalika. Chida chachindunji chokwanira ndi choboolera chapadera pamakina a mipando. Tsopano, podziwa mitundu ndi cholinga cha mipiringidzo ya mipando, komanso momwe mungasinthire kumadalira mipando, simudzakhala ndi vuto pakusankha ndi kukhazikitsa.