Mafuta a Ampel: kubzala ndi kusamalira. Chomera chabwino m'nyumba mwanu

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Mafuta a basamu ndi mbewu yokongoletsa yomwe ndiyabwino kulima m'nyumba. Iye ali nalo dzina chifukwa cha zimayambira, zomwe zimapindika mwamphamvu, ndipo miphika iyenera kupachikidwa.

Mukamasulira mawu oti Ampel kuchokera ku Chijeremani, zikutanthauza kuti amatanthauza vase yamaluwa yopachikidwa. Chifukwa chake mafuta a basamu amatchedwa ampelous.

Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri za zokongola izi komanso nthawi yomweyo chomera chodzichepetsa.

Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Mpaka lero, palibe lingaliro lenileni lokhudza komwe maluwawa adachokera. Nthano zambiri zapulumuka pakati pa anthu, koma palibe ngakhale imodzi yomwe idalandira chitsimikiziro. Koma tikudziwa kuti subtropics Africa ndi North America imatengedwa ngati malo obadwira mbewu. Mitengo yoyamba idapezeka ku Europe mu 1596, pambuyo pake idayamba kufunidwa kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, mafuta amphumu amakonda nyengo yotentha komanso chinyezi chambiri.

Zosiyanasiyana

Mafuta a Waller ndi terry. Chomerachi chimatengedwa ngati chokongoletsa kwambiri (zowoneka bwino za basamu wa Waller zitha kupezeka pano). Ndi kholo la mitundu yambiri yamasiku ano. Amasiyana maluwa ambiri ndi masamba ofiira ofiira komanso zimayambira. Pali maluwa ambiri kotero kuti nthawi zina amaphimba masamba onse.

Mafuta a Hawker. Ndi kholo lazimphona zotere monga Impatiens New Guinea. Amasiyanasiyana ndi masamba otambalala ndi masamba akulu. Mafuta a basamu amaphuka chaka chonse. Amayankha bwino ku kuchuluka kwa dzuwa.

Mafuta a Niamey. Mitunduyi imakongoletsa makonde ndi nyumba, chifukwa imakhala yokongoletsa makamaka. Amadziwika ndi maluwa ofiira, achikasu, a bicolor, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi nyemba.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe

Zitsamba izi zimatha kulimidwa ngati zapachaka komanso zosatha. Ndi wa banja la basamu. Zomera zake zimakhala zokoma, zimakhala ndi nthambi. Kutalika kwawo ndi masentimita 15-50. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, ofiira ofiira, ndipo amapota m'mphepete mwake. Ndikutentha kwambiri, madontho a mawonekedwe amadzimadzi pamaupangiri.

Maluwa achikhalidwe amapezeka muma axils amtundu, mtundu wawo umatha kukhala:

zoyera;
pinki;
lalanje;
chofiira;
wofiirira;
ndi mikwingwirima ndi mawanga.

Ma hybridi okhala ndi maluwa awiri ndi masamba amitundu yambiri adapezeka. Kukula kwa maluwawo ndi masentimita 6-8. Ngakhale amakhala ochepa, ndi owala kwambiri, ngati magetsi.

Pamapeto pa maluwa, zipatso zobiriwira zimapangidwa pa basamu. Akatha kucha, amapanga bokosi lowuma lokhala ndi zosintha. Nthawi zina zimakhala zokwanira kungozigwira, popeza njere zimangomwazikana m'mbali. Chifukwa cha izi, chomeracho chimadziwika kuti "chosakhudzidwa". Chikhalidwe chimatchedwa duwa losatha pazifukwa, kuyambira pamenepo Chimake chimakhala chochuluka ndipo chimachitika pafupifupi chaka chonse.

Chithunzi

Mafuta a basamu amawoneka motere:

Malamulo ofika

Ntchito zobzala zimachepetsedwa kuti zigwirizane ndi izi:

Bzalani mbewu za mbande mkatikati mwa Marichi. Musanadzalemo, zilowerere mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kenako muzimutsuka ndi madzi ofunda.
Pobzala, konzani zotengera, mudzaze ndi gawo lapansi ndikufalitsa zinthu zobzala, mopanikizika pansi ndikuwaza mchenga wosanjikiza.
Thirani nthaka pang'ono, ndikuphimba chidebecho ndi zojambulazo kapena galasi. Izi zidzakutenthetsani.
Ikani chidebecho ndi mbande pamalo otentha komanso oyatsa mokwanira. Dzuwa lowopsa ndi loopsa kwa basamu. Koma popanda dzuwa, chomeracho chidzakula bwino. Chifukwa chake muyenera kuyang'ana malo mnyumbamo momwe muli malo ambiri okhala dzuwa.
Chotsani kanema kapena galasi kuti mpweya wabwino tsiku lililonse. Onetsetsani kuti dothi lisaume.
Masamba atatu akangopangidwa, sankhani. Pokhala pamipoto yosiyana, sankhani zotengera zazikulu kwambiri. Mafuta a basamu amakhala omasuka m'malo opanikizika.
Madzi tsiku lililonse mutabzala. Pa nthawi yomweyo, onetsetsani kuti madzi saphwa.

Timawonera kanema, komwe mwatsatanetsatane, ndondomeko yofesa mbewu za basamu kwa mbande ikuwonetsedwa:

Kuunikira ndi malo

Chenjezo! Maluwawo ndi odzichepetsa powunikira. Itha kumera mwakachetechete ngakhale pakona pa chipinda. Koma ndizotheka kukwaniritsa maluwa ochulukirapo komanso osasintha pokhapokha ngati pali kuwala kowala.

Simuyenera kusunga duwa pazenera lakumwera kutalika kwa chilimwe kapena muyenera kupanga chitetezo chake kumayendedwe owala a dzuwa. Mawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo ali angwiro. M'nyengo yotentha, tengani mafuta a basamu kukhonde.

Chomeracho chidzakhala chokongoletsera chachikulu m'munda, koma sichiyenera kubzalidwa padzuwa. Mthunzi wowala pang'ono ungachite.

Zofunika panthaka

Podzala mafuta amphumu, m'pofunika kukonzekera gawo lapansi lotayirira... Mutha kukonzekera ngati mutatenga zinthu zotsatirazi mofanana:

peat;
vermiculite;
nthaka yamasamba;
mchenga wamtsinje.

Mutha kugula dothi lokonzekera kale m'sitolo. Ikani mchenga mumphika musanagwiritse ntchito. Ndikofunika kuchotsa chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti mizu yazomera zazing'ono imawola.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Kuthirira

Mafuta a basamu ampelous - chikhalidwe chokonda chinyezi... Amadziwika ndi zimayambira zowutsa mudyo komanso madzi. Ndikusowa madzi, duwa silidzatha, koma limataya kukhathamira kwake ndikukhetsa masamba apansi. Perekani madzi okwanira nthawi yotentha. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yozizira, muchepetse chinyezi, kupewa kuti dothi likhale louma. Kutha kwa madzi poto kumakhala kovulaza, chifukwa kumadzaza ndi mizu ndi zimayambira.

Zovala zapamwamba

Mavalidwe apamwamba ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito milungu iwiri iliyonse, kuyambira Epulo mpaka August. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza amchere opangira maluwa ndiabwino kwambiri. Onetsetsani kuti feteleza wa nayitrogeni sapitilira muyeso, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kukula kwamphamvu kwa zimayambira ndikuletsa mapangidwe a maluwa.

Chomeracho chimayankha bwino kwa Kemira... Manyowawa ali ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

phosphorous;
nayitrogeni;
magnesium;
potaziyamu;
manganese;
boron;
mkuwa;
nthaka;
chitsulo;
molybdenum.

Malangizo... Kwa maluwa ataliatali komanso ochuluka, gwiritsani ntchito Kristalon wofiirira (1 tbsp. L / 5 l madzi). Ikani kamodzi pa sabata.

Dziko lopumula

Pamapeto pa maluwa, dulani ma peduncles ndikuyika chomeracho pamalo ozizira pomwe kutentha kumapitilira madigiri 15. Poterepa, kuthirira mafuta a basamu pang'ono. Mphukira zatsopano zikawonekera mu February, ikani maluwawo m'chipinda chotentha kwambiri ndikuthirira nthawi zambiri.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

M'nyengo yozizira, mafuta amphumu amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal, ndipo makamaka imvi zowola. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, muyenera kutsuka mizu ya chomeracho m'nthaka yakale ndikuyikamo chidebe chatsopano ndi dothi.

Ngati chinyezi m'chipindacho ndichotsika, ndiye kuti chimadzaza ndi kangaude. Izi zitha kutsimikiziridwa ndi masamba oyenda. Amagwa pakapita nthawi. Mankhwala otsatirawa athandiza kuthetsa akangaude: Actellik, Neoron.

Chomeracho chimatha kupatsira kachilombo koyera, komwe kumapangitsa masamba kutembenukira chikaso. Tizilombo timakhala mkati mwa masamba apansi. Kuchiza, Fufaron, Decis amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zoswana

Mafuta a Ampel amafalikira ndi mbewu kapena kudula mphukira za apical. Iliyonse mwa njirazi ili ndi mawonekedwe ake:

Mbeu za chomeracho ndi zazikulu. Anagulitsidwa osakaniza. Amabzalidwa mu February mu greenhouses. Kumera mu masabata 3-4 kutentha kwa madigiri 23-25.
Dulani zimayambira masentimita 8-10 masentimita kapena chilimwe ndikuzula m'madzi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yonyowa ndi kuwonjezera mchenga. Cuttings mizu patapita masiku angapo, ndiyeno iwo kuziika mu osiyana yaing'ono miphika. Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3, mbande zazing'ono zimatha pachimake.

Tiphunzira mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingadulire mafuta amphumphu powonera vidiyo iyi:

Mafuta a basamu ndi amodzi mwa zomera, omwe ali ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yambiri. Tidakambirana za ena oimira maluwa odabwitsa awa munkhani zingapo patsamba lathu:

New Guinea: Mlendo waku Africa, kulima kwapadera.
Zokhala ndi chitsulo: mitundu yamtchire, kufotokozera ndi mankhwala.
Tom Samb: pinki musandigwire pawindo, kulima, chisamaliro ndi matenda.
Zapamwamba: momwe mungakule bwino, pali matenda ati?
Vanka yonyowa: osatha, kulima, chisamaliro ndi matenda wamba.
Munda: maluwa apachaka otseguka, kubzala ndi kusamalira.
Wamtchire: kodi ungakule m'mundamo komanso momwe ungachitire bwino?
Terry: mitundu, kulima ndi chisamaliro.

Mafuta a Ampel amayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, maluwa owala bwino komanso chisamaliro chodzichepetsa. Chifukwa cha mitundu yambiri yamithunzi, aliyense amatha kupanga maluwa athunthu pakhonde lawo, lomwe lingamukondweretse ndi kukongola kwake pafupifupi chaka chonse.

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