Kusamalira ma gerberas apanyumba ndi njira zobwezeretsanso mbewu

Gerbera ndi duwa lodzichepetsa la mitundu yowala. Chomerachi nthawi zambiri chimalimidwa m'malo obiriwira kuti apange maluwa, komanso chimakula m'mabedi amaluwa ngati chomera cham'munda.

Komabe, duwa ili limamvanso bwino mumphika, m'malo okhala. Gerbera amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kokulira kubereka ndi kusintha kosavuta kuzinthu zatsopano.

Mtengo wa chomera umayamba ma ruble 300 ndikufika 2000 rubles.

Kufotokozera

Gerbera ndi herbaceous osatha ochokera kubanja la Astrov. Amatchedwanso transvaal chamomile. Oyimira zakutchire amtunduwu amamera mu:

• Asia.
• South Africa.
• Pachilumba cha Madagascar.

Masamba a Gerbera ndi akulu, obiriwira wobiriwira, akukula paziphuphu zochepa zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa mu rosette. Ma peduncles ali paziphuphu zamphamvu zosiyana ndipo amapereka maluwa amodzi aliyense. Maluwawo amafika 5-12 masentimita m'mimba mwake, kutengera mitundu. Amawoneka ngati maluwa a chamomile. Mtundu ndi wowala, mitundu yonse yamithunzi yachikaso, yofiira ndi pinki.

Chithunzi

Zambiri pazithunzi za gerbera zitha kupezeka Pano.

Kutentha boma

Mosiyana ndi abale omwe adakula m'munda, Mbalame yotchedwa potted gerbera imatha kuphuka kwa zaka zingapo, bola kuti apatsidwe nthawi yoyenera yopuma (za nthawi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma gerberas pachimake ndi chifukwa chake samachita, werengani apa, ndipo kuchokera patsamba lino muphunzira za zachilendo zakukula ndi kusamalira maluwa amnyumba). Pakutha maluwa, chakumayambiriro kwa Novembala, mphika wa gerbera umasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda chazithunzi chazithunzi, kutentha kwake kumakhala madigiri 16-18.

Chenjezo! Kutentha kozizira pansi pamadigiri 12 sikuyenera kuloledwa, izi zimatha kubweretsa ku hypothermia yoopsa ya maluwa.

Kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kusunga dothi lonyowa pang'ono. Kuyambira mkatikati mwa mwezi wa February, gerbera imabwereranso mwakale.

Kusankha malo mnyumba

Gerbera amatanthauza zomera zokonda kuwala. Mphamvu ndi kutalika kwa maluwa molingana ndi kuyatsa koyenera. chomera ichi. Ndibwino kuyika mphika pamalo pomwe kuwala, kosakanikirana kudzaperekedwa maluwawo. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa, makamaka nthawi yotentha.

Ndikofunikanso kupereka gerbera ndi mpweya wabwino - chipinda chimayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, ndipo nthawi yotentha, mutha kusunthira maluwa khonde kapena pakhonde.

Kuthirira ndi kupopera malamulo

Nthaka yophika iyenera kusungidwa bwino. Chinyezi chowonjezera cha gerbera sichowopsa kuposa kusowa kwa chinyezi. Madzi othirira amathiridwa osachepera tsiku limodzi, ndipo kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi madigiri 20. Kuthirira kumachitika m'mphepete mwa mphika kapena kupalasa.

Pakatha mphindi 30, madzi otsala pachitsacho ayenera kutsanulidwa kuti apewe kuchepa kwa chinyezi. Palibe chifukwa chilichonse choti madzi aloledwe kulowa patsamba, izi zimatha kuyambitsa matenda amaluwa. Ndikofunikanso kuwonetsetsa kuti mizu ya gerbera siyikumana ndi madzi poto. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, mutha kupopera malo ozungulira chomeracho tsiku ndi tsiku.

Iyemwini Sitikulimbikitsidwa kupopera maluwa kuti tipewe madontho kuti asagwere pamasamba a chomeracho. Pachifukwa chomwecho, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chopangira chopangira mpweya kapena kuyika ma pallet okhala ndi moss ndi miyala yonyowa pafupi.

Kudulira ndi kutsina

Kudulira Gerbera ndikupanga masamba nthawi zambiri kumangoperekedwa kwa omwe amaimira madimbawo. Zitsanzo zapakhomo sizifunikira njirayi, ndikwanira kusamalira nthaka.

Kutchulidwa. Maluwa ndi masamba ofota amatuluka pamodzi ndi tsinde lake. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kudula maluwa ndi mpeni.

Kodi kusamalira nthaka?

Nthaka mumphika iyenera kukhala acidic pang'ono. Tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi magawo awiri a nthaka yamasamba, gawo limodzi la peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono omwe akukula amafunika kumuika pachaka. Kukula kwa mphika watsopano kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu masentimita 2-3 kuposa wakale.

Sikulimbikitsidwa kuyika gerbera mumphika wokulirapo., pamenepa, chomeracho sichitha pachimake kwa nthawi yayitali. Kusintha nthawi yamaluwa kumakhala kosemphana kwambiri. Ngakhale chomeracho chidagulidwa m'sitolo, ndibwino kudikirira mpaka kutha kwa maluwa ndi kugona.

Umuna wa Gerbera wokhala ndi kompositi ndi humus amatsutsana. Pakati pa kukula ndi kudzikundikira kobiriwira, kulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa kovuta kokhala ndi nayitrogeni wokwanira kumalimbikitsidwa. Alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito njira yofooka kuposa yomwe imasonyezedwa phukusili, chifukwa feteleza wochuluka amawononga maluwa. Nthawi yamaluwa, ma gerberas amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa potashi, omwe ndende zawo zimayenera kukhala zochepa.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Mwambiri, gerbera yakunyumba ilimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, komabe, kuphwanya chisamaliro kumatha kuyambitsa mavuto ena:

1. Kufota ndi chikasu cha masamba kawirikawiri ndi chizindikiro cha kangaude. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timapezeka muzipinda zomwe zimakhala ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri.

   Zomera zokhala ndi dothi louma kwambiri zitha kuukiridwanso. Pofuna kuthana ndi gerbera, amathandizidwa ndi madzi a sopo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga Fitoverm.

2. White pachimake pa masamba imasonyeza kugonjetsedwa kwa duwa ndi powdery mildew. Matendawa amabwera chifukwa chotsika kwambiri m'chipindacho, kuthirira madzi ozizira kwambiri, kapena chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka.

   Chomera chomwe chakhudzidwa chikuyenera kukhala kutali ndi maluwa ena ndipo masamba athanzi ayenera kutsukidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi zolengeza, ndipo zopota ziyenera kuchotsedwa.

   Pamakalata. Maluwawo amathandizidwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate kapena mkuwa sulphate kwa sabata.

3. Kuyanika masamba imachitika ndi fusarium. Kuchiza, njira yofooka ya manganese imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe maluwawo amathiriridwa, kupewa kukhudzana ndi masamba. Chifukwa cha ichi, dothi limayikidwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
4. Kukoka masamba imasonyeza kusowa kwa kuwala, komanso ingakhale chizindikiro cha kuzoloŵera. Ngati duwa lakhala likukula m'nyumba kwa nthawi yayitali, m'pofunika kulipatsanso gwero lina la kuwala. Ngati gerbera yapezedwa posachedwa, palibe njira zofunikira zofunika, mungofunika kulola duwa kuti lizolowere zinthu zatsopano.
5. Kukufota, kukula kokhazikika anaona pamene ulimi wothirira waphwanya. Ngati nthaka mumphika ndi youma, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa madzi okwanira nthawi zonse. Ngati dothi ladzaza madzi kwambiri, m'pofunika kuchotsa maluwawo ndi chimbudzi chadothi ndikuyiyika munyuzipepala zingapo. Sinthani nyuzipepala 2-3 nthawi ngati kuli kofunikira. Papepalali limamwa madzi ochulukirapo ndikuthandizira kupewa nkhungu kapena kuvunda.

Werengani zambiri za matenda ndi tizirombo ta gerbera m'nyumba, komanso njira zothanirana nazo, werengani apa.

Kodi chomeracho chikhoza kutsitsimutsidwa?

Kukachitika kuti gerbera yakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda kapena tizirombo, ndipo ngakhale mankhwala atakhala ovuta, kumwazika mwadzidzidzi panthaka yathanzi ndikofunikira. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kukonzekera gawo lapansi, mphika watsopano ndi ngalande pasadakhale.

1. Masamba ndi maluwa omwe ali ndi matenda komanso omwe amafota amachotsedwa pachomera, kuthirira kambiri kumachitika, pambuyo pake duwa limatsalira kwakanthawi.
2. Pakadali pano, mutha kukonzekera chidebe chodzala. Mphika womwe mukufuna kukalapo duwa uyenera kutsukidwa. Ngalande - dothi lokulitsidwa kapena miyala ikuluikulu imayikidwa pansi ndi masentimita 3-5. Gawo laling'ono la gawo lapansi limatsanulidwa pamwamba.
3. Nthaka ya mumphika wakale ikadzaza ndi chinyezi, chomeracho chimachotsedwa ndipo mizu imatsukidwa mosamala kuchoka pa chikomokere cha panthaka. Mizu yowuma ndi yovunda imachotsedwa, yotsalayo imachiritsidwa ndi malasha osweka, mosamala kwambiri pamadulidwe a mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa.
4. Chomeracho chimayikidwa mu mphika watsopano ndikuwaza substrate yatsopano kuti rosette yamasamba ikhale pamwamba. Mutabzala, kuthirira kumachitika ndi madzi ofewa kutentha. Chochititsa chidwi monga Epin chitha kuwonjezeredwa m'madzi othirira kuti athandizire kuchira.
5. Mukatha kubzala, ndikofunikira kutsatira kayendedwe ka madzi okwanira ndikudyetsa maluwa ndi feteleza wocheperako wokhala ndi chitsulo.

Kukula ndi kusamalira gerbera kunyumba:

Mapeto

Maluwa owala otentha sangakhale gawo lowala chabe la maluwa kapena bedi lamaluwa, komanso chokongoletsera chamkati chodabwitsa, chokula mumphika. Pakuti, kuti gerbera isangalale ndi maluwa kwakanthawi, muyenera kutsatira malangizo ndipo perekani chomeracho ndi chisamaliro chofunikira.

Onerani kanemayo: Krishi Darshan - Gerbera Flower farming special (June 2024).