Kupanga maluwa okongola m'munda kapena pabwalo pobzala petunias panja: ma nuances ndi chisamaliro

Send

Petunia ndi imodzi mwazomera zokongola kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Ndi mbewu yosatha ya banja la nightshade. Maluwa amayamba chaka chamawa mutabzala.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira zambiri za petunia, momwe zimawonekera, mitundu ndi mitundu yamitundu yopangira maluwa. Tionanso momwe tingachitire ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.

Kufotokozera ndi mbiri yazomwe zimachitika

Chiyambi cha mitundu yamakono ya haibridi sichingadziwike lero.... Chowonadi ndichakuti adawoloka nthawi zambiri kotero kuti mbiri yakusiyanasiyana imasokoneza kwambiri.

Garden hybrid petunia ndi chomera chokwawa kapena chowongoka. Kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 20-80. Maonekedwe a tchire ndi ozungulira, kukula kwake kumakhala kofanana. Maluwawo ndi onunkhira komanso ooneka ngati nyuzi. Ma inflorescence amapezeka ma axils a masamba pang'ono pa peduncle.

Malangizo! Ngati chomeracho chikasamalidwa bwino, chimaphuka kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala. Pofuna kulimbikitsa nthambi za kuthengo, nkofunika kutchera mphukira zowonjezereka. Ndipo kuchotsa kwakanthawi kwamasamba omwe atha kale kumabweretsa maluwa.

Zosiyanasiyana

Pali mitundu yambiri yazomera, tidzafotokoza zotchuka.

Superbissima

Chomerachi chimakula mpaka 70-80 cm. Chitsamba chonsecho chimakutidwa ndi maluwa... Makulidwe ake ndi masentimita 12-15. Mitunduyi imasiyana mosiyanasiyana mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaluwa ndi mabala amabwe.

Thambo lakuda

Tchire limakula mpaka masentimita 25-30. Maluwa amayamba kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembara. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi pinki, ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 7-10. Amakula ndi mbande. Mbewu imabzalidwa kumapeto kwa February - koyambirira kwa Marichi. Yembekezerani mphukira m'masiku 7-12. Chomeracho chimakonda kwambiri, chimapanga thermophilic. Kwa iye, ndi koyenera kukonzekera dothi lowala, lachonde komanso lokwanira.

Pikoti Corduroy

Chomerachi chili ndi maluwa ofiirira. Ali ndi malire oyera, omwe amapatsa chitsamba mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.

Moto Kan-Kan

Mitunduyi imadziwika ndi kukana matenda kwambiri.... Chomeracho chimamasulanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Mtunduwo ndi wofiira, kukula kwa duwa ndi 12 cm.

Toulouse

Uku ndikuphatikiza kowala komanso kosangalatsa kwa mikwingwirima yayikulu ya pinki yowala ndi mitundu ya laimu. Chomeracho ndi chokwanira kukula panja komanso pakhonde.

Makhalidwe ndi kapangidwe kazithunzi

Pogwiritsa ntchito petunia ndikuwerenga zithunzi zomwe zili pansipa, mutha kupanga njira zingapo zokongoletsera chiwembu m'munda kapena pabwalo.

Ofukula maluwa bedi

Njirayi ndi yabwino kupereka. Kuti muchite izi, pangani chimango kuchokera pachikopa chachitsulo. Phimbani ndi agrofilm kuchokera mkati. Chifukwa chake, pamakhala mtundu wachipilala, womwe uyenera kudzazidwa ndi nthaka. Pangani mabowo m'mabowo a mauna, pomwe mudzaikemo mbande.

Mitengo ya Petunia

Mitengo yochokera ku petunias imawoneka yosangalatsa kwambiri. Izi zifunikira makina owotcherera, mapaipi achitsulo amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ikani chitoliro pansi, kenako ndikuyimitsirako kuchokera pamapope oonda. Amasunga miphika yamaluwa. Tsopano onjezani malekezero ake, ndikupangira choyimitsira chidebecho. Kongoletsani thunthu lake ndi nthambi zake.

Mabedi amaluwa ochokera m'mabokosi

Njira iyi imawoneka yachilendo pansi pazenera la kanyumba kapenanso pampanda. Sizingakhale zovuta kuti amange nyumba yotere. Muyenera kutenga mabokosi. Zitha kukhala zamatabwa, dongo, zokongoletsa.

Muunda wamaluwa

Njirayi imakuthandizani kuti muzindikire malingaliro amtundu uliwonse wamaluwa. Bedi lamaluwa limatha kukhala lolimba mosiyanasiyana, mozungulira, lalikulu, ngati mawonekedwe amtsinje... Zilibe kanthu kuti kukula kwamatawuni kumakhala kotani, chifukwa nthawi zonse pamakhala malo olembera.

Maluwa amatuluka

Zimapangidwa kuchokera kumitundu yayikulu kapena yosunthika. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zoyambirira, konzani maluwawo mu planter ndi kuwapachika. Nyimbo zotere ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri pokongoletsa kanyumba kachilimwe pogwiritsa ntchito petunias. Mutha kuphunzira momwe mungabzalidwe ndikukula ampelous petunia mumphika wamaluwa pano.

Njira zotsegulira nthaka

Zochitika zobzala ziyenera kuchitika mu Marichi-Epulo. Mbewu ingafesedwe mwachindunji m'nthaka... Koma njirayi sikuloleza kuti mumere chomera cholimba komanso chokongola. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwira ntchito pang'ono ndikusankha imodzi mwanjira zotsatirazi:

Kufesa mumtsuko wosaya... Ikani zobzala pansi ndipo musaziike m'manda.
Peat mapiritsi... Amapereka zotsatira zabwino pakukula mbande. Kuphatikiza apo, njirayi ndiyabwino komanso yothandiza. Piritsi lililonse liyenera kulowetsedwa pasadakhale, ndikuyika mbeu 2-3 mmenemo. Mbande za petunia m'mapiritsi a peat sizifunikira kutolanso zina. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, tchire amaikidwa pansi ndi mapiritsi.
Makaseti... Imeneyi ndi njira ina yabwino yobzala. Mbeu imayikidwa mu selo (20x50 ml). Pambuyo masiku 20-30, sungani chomeracho mumphika. Kumeneko, petunia idzakula mpaka masamba oyamba atapangidwa.
Kufesa mbewu mu chisanu... Chofunika cha njirayi ndikuti chisanu choyera cha mumsewu chimayikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka, ndikubzala zinthu zimatsanuliridwa. Chipale chofewa chikangoyamba kusungunuka, chimayamwa ndipo chimakokera mbewu pansi.

Pansipa mutha kuwonera kanema akuwonetsa kubzala kwa petunia pamalo otseguka:

Kutentha boma

Njira iliyonse yobzala yomwe yasankhidwa, kuti ikule bwino ndikukula kwa mbande, imayenera kuwona kutentha koyenera - 23-25 degrees Celsius. Mbande ziyenera kusungidwa pansi pa polyethylene, zipatseni madzi okwanira amakono.

Nthaka

Nthaka yathanzi, yopepuka komanso yotayirira idzasankhidwa. Mulingo wa pH sayenera kukhala wochepera 5.5 komanso wopitilira 7.0... Podzala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito malo omwe mwagula kapena kukonzekera. Kuti apange mpweya wabwino komanso wathanzi, ikani vermiculite kapena perlite mmenemo. Amakhala ngati ufa wophika. Mutha kuyika acidity yayikulu poyika laimu pang'ono m'nthaka.

Pofuna kudzipangira nokha chisakanizo cha zakudya, muyenera kutenga zotsatirazi mofanana:

peat;
nthaka yamasamba;
humus.

Upangiri! Mutha kuwonjezera mpweya pagawoli powonjezerapo mchenga pang'ono.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Chomera chathu chimafuna kuyatsa. M'nyengo yozizira, mwamtheradi alibe kuwala kokwanira chifukwa cha maola ochepa masana. Chifukwa chake muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya fulorosenti kapena LED. Kutalika kwa maola masana kudzakhala maola 12-14. Ngati mumalima pamalo otseguka, ndiye kuti ayenera kuyikidwa pamalo owala bwino, pomwe kulibe dzuwa. Mukamakula pawindo, sankhani zenera loyang'ana kumwera.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Kuthirira

Ndikofunikira kuthira nthaka pansi pazu... Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothirira yothirira pogwiritsa ntchito sirinji yokhazikika. Popeza chomeracho sichimakonda madzi, kuthirira kuyenera kuchitidwa pokhapokha kukomoka kwa dothi. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa kapena okhazikika pa izi.

Feteleza

Kuti mupeze mmera wamphamvu komanso wathanzi, mmera wachinyamata uyenera kudyetsedwa. Nthawi yoyamba kuwonjezera mankhwala a nayitrogeni masiku 15-20 pambuyo pakupanga mphukira zoyamba. Izi zidzalola kuti mbewuyo ikule kuchuluka kobiriwira. Kenako amayambitsa nyimbo zochokera pa phosphorous. Chitani izi kawiri pamwezi.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Ngati kuphwanya malamulo a agrotechnical, duwa limatha kupatsira matenda ndi tizilombo toononga:

Mavairasi... Matenda oyambitsa matendawa amawonekera ngati masamba obiriwira komanso achikasu omwe amalepheretsa kukula. Palibe mankhwala, ndiye muyenera kuchotsa maluwa omwe akudwala.
Bacteriosis... Ikhoza kudziwika ndi kupezeka kwa zophuka zakuthupi pa tsinde. Pofuna kuthana ndi bacteriosis, chotsani zophuka, ndikuchotsa chomeracho ndi Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, Gamair, Binoram, Planriz.
Powdery mildew... Matendawa amapanga zokutira zoyera mkati ndi kunja kwa tsamba. Ngati chotupacho ndi chofooka, ndiye kuti mankhwala otsatirawa athandiza: Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B. Koma ndikugonjetsedwa kwamphamvu, ndikofunikira kuchiritsa ndi Topaz, Strobi, Tiovit Jet, Skor, maluwa Oyera kwambiri.
Thrips... Tizilombo timeneti timawononga tsamba la masamba, lomwe limapangitsa kuti lipunduke. Kuwononga mitundu pamaluwa, ndi utoto wofiirira m'mbali mwake. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhondoyi: Aktara, Akarin, Aktellik, Biotlin, Confidor, Fufanon. Pambuyo masiku asanu, bwerezani mankhwalawo.
Wowola wofiirira... Zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimakhala zofewa komanso zamadzi. Pofika chinyezi chambiri, mawonekedwe oundana amvi. Kugonjetsedwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasamba, zimayambira, maluwa. Pa nkhondoyi, mankhwala otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito: Fitosporin-M, Alirin-B, Gamair, Planriz, Glyokladin, Sternifag.
Zowola zowola mochedwa... Itha kuzindikirika ndi kupezeka kwa tsinde lakuda-bulauni. Chifukwa cha izi, amasandulika akuda ndikupachika m'mphepete mwa mphika. Ridomil, Gold ndi Alet amagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana.
Aphid... Ichi ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kamene kamayambitsa masamba, masamba, maluwa, chifukwa chake amayamba kupiringa ndikusanduka chikasu. Chotsani nsabwe za m'masamba chifukwa cha mankhwala otsatirawa: Antitlin, fumbi la Fodya, Aktellik, Fitoverm, Akarin, Aktara.

Njira zoberekera

Kubalana kumatha kuchitika ndi mbewu kapena kudula.

Mbewu ikhoza kubzalidwa mu February. Popeza chodzalacho ndi chaching'ono, sikoyenera kuzamitsa nthaka, kufesaku kuyenera kukhala pamtunda. Kubzala petunia sikuvomerezeka, apo ayi mbande zimasokonezana. Mbande ziyenera kusungidwa mufilimu, yomwe imayenera kutsegulidwa tsiku lililonse kuti iwonongeke.

Mukalumikiza, ndikofunikira kudula phesi ndi masamba 4-5 kuchokera kubzala ndikuyika nthaka yopatsa thanzi. Pambuyo masiku 10-15, phesi limayamba.

Zofunika! Bzalani cuttings pasanathe ola limodzi, apo ayi sangazike mizu.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Palibe zovuta makamaka pakukula kwa petunias. Amayamba makamaka ndi chisamaliro chosayenera cha iye:

Kuwonongeka kwa mizu... Vutoli ndi limodzi mwazofala kwambiri. Zimachitika chifukwa cha chinyezi chochuluka cha nthaka.
Kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo ndi matenda... Palinso vinyo wa wamaluwa mwiniwake, yemwe amasamalira otsika petunia.
Kupanda maluwa... Chifukwa chachikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni mopitilira muyeso. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito masamba asanaikidwe, kenako ndende zawo ziyenera kuchepetsedwa.

Lobelias, marigolds ndi pelargoniums atha kukhala anzawo opambana a petunias. Koma ngakhale m'minda iliyonse, petunias amawoneka okongola kwambiri, makamaka mitundu iwiri. Yesetsani kulima mitundu monga Surfinia, Ramblin, Grandiflora, Opera, Wave, Tidal, Starry Sky, Typhoon Silver ndi Gioconda patsamba lanu.

Petunia ndi chomera chokongola chosatha chomwe chitha kuwoneka lero pafupifupi pabedi lililonse lamaluwa. Ndipo izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa ili ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri, chisamaliro chodzichepetsa komanso kulimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.

Send