Kufotokozera zamitundu yofiira ndi yamtambo ya Gloxinia Brocada. Malangizo othandiza posamalira ndi kukulitsa duwa
Maluwa ambiri amakondana ndi masamba awo okongola komanso masamba osazolowereka, onunkhira bwino komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino.
Gloxinia ndizosiyana. Maluwa awa ndi zokongoletsa zabwino zomwe zimadzaza mchipindamo ndi zonunkhira zabwino ndikupereka chitonthozo ndi bata.
Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso chisokonezo chokongola cha inflorescence, chomeracho chidzatenga malo ake oyenera m'nyumba yanyumba iliyonse, zomwe sizingachititse chidwi mabanja okha, komanso alendo.
Kodi duwa limeneli ndi chiyani?
Gloxinia brocada ndi shrub ya banja la Gesneriaceae... Chomerachi chili ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
Gloxinia amasiyana kukula kwa rosette, mwachitsanzo, ndi microminiature, rosette radius nthawi zambiri siyipitilira 5 mm, kakang'ono, rosette radius imafikira 20 mm, theka-kakang'ono, komwe utali wozungulira umasiyanasiyana 20 mpaka 30 mm, ndi muyezo, pomwe utali wozungulira umadutsa 30 mm.
Gloxinia brokada ndi yaying'ono. Malo obadwira maluwawo ndi South America. Kunena zowona, Brazil. Munali mdziko muno pomwe chomeracho chidapezeka mu 1785, ndipo akatswiri azomera amatcha zamawangamawanga gloxinia. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, duwa lilinso ndi dzina la Sinningia..
Malangizo! Gloxinia adachokera kwa botanists awiri nthawi imodzi - dokotala Gloxin ndi Sinning. Zinali mwaulemu wawo kuti chilengedwechi chidatchulidwa. Ndipo tsopano, chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa obereketsa, ntchito yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka 200, chifukwa chake mitundu yambiri yamaluwa odabwitsawa amabadwa. Zotsatira zake ndizoyera, mitundu yokongola ya maluwa.
Zosiyanasiyana
Buluu
Gloxinia buluu imakhala ndi maluwa awiri, omwe m'mimba mwake amafika masentimita 8, nthawi zambiri amakhala amtambo kapena wofiirira wokhala ndi malire oyera komanso oyera. Chitsambacho chimatha kutalika kwa 20 cm, pomwe 10 mpaka 25 yayikulu iwiri yama inflorescence imakula.
Ofiira
Gloxinia wofiira ndi chomera chambiri komanso chokongola chokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono mpaka 6 cm m'mimba mwake. Mtunduwo ndi wofiira kwambiri, malirewo ndiochulukirapo kapena kulibe. Kukula kwa chitsamba nthawi zambiri kumakhala masentimita 20.
Kufotokozera zakunja kwa chomeracho
Gloxinia ndi duwa losangalatsa kwambiri. Ubwino wake wosakayika ndi kupezeka kwamasamba osiyanasiyana, koma makamaka, awa ndi masamba akulu obiriwira kapena wobiriwira wakuda.
Gloxinia brocada ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yama terry. Amagawidwa m'magulu angapo, omwe amadalira mtundu wa masambawo: chintz, monochromatic ndi brindle. Masamba a monochromatic amakhala ndi mthunzi umodzi wokha, ma chintz amadziwika ndi madontho amitundu yosiyana, ndipo masamba a tiger amakhalanso ndi zinsalu m'mphepete mwa masambawo kuphatikiza ma speck.
Maluwa amtundu wa Gloxinia ndi amtundu umodzi. Maluwa okongola okhala ndi masamba owala amatuluka pamwamba pamasamba obiriwira obiriwira, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a mpira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsambacho chiziwoneka chobiriwira. Chifukwa chake, amatchedwa terry - ali ndi mizere ingapo yamaluwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsambacho chiwoneke ngati cholemera maluwa. Ndipo zilidi choncho.
Mawonekedwe:
Zapadera za gloxinia brocade zimayambira pamaluwa palokha, chifukwa chomeracho chili ndi rosette yaying'ono yaying'ono, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi, masambawo amawoneka akulu kwambiri. Mtundu wa zomera nthawi zambiri umakhala wosakanikirana, koma nthawi zina pamakhala malire a mthunzi wopepuka kuposa pamakhala.
Maluwawo amawoneka ngati velvet. Maluwa a Gloxinia brocade ndi amodzi mwamaluwa okhazikika omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali pa peduncle palokha. Kuphatikizika kosakayika kwa chomerachi ndi maluwa ambiri. Paulendo umodzi, chomeracho chimatha kusungunuka mpaka masamba 25.
Kodi ndi pati?
Kuti tikule kukongola uku, kuwala kowala komanso kofalikira kumafunikira, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti kunyezimira kwake sikugwa mwachindunji pachomera chamtsogolo. Gloxinia ili ndi mbewu zazing'ono. Pofesa, dothi lotayirira limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lomwe limapangidwa ndi sod land, humus, mchenga ndi nthaka yamasamba mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1: 2.
Nthaka imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda musanafese. Ndiye muyenera kuthirira. Kubzala nthawi zambiri kumachitika kumapeto kwa February mpaka Marichi. Mbeu zimayikidwa bwino mu chidebe chowonjezera kutentha pamtunda wa masentimita 3-5. Mbewuzo zimakutidwa ndi zojambulazo kapena magalasi kuti asunge chinyezi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi michere, kulola kuti mpweya uziyenderera mpaka kumizu yamaluwa amtsogolo osasunga madzi. Chidebecho chimayikidwa pamalo otentha. Simuyenera kubzala mbewu kuzizira zosakwana madigiri 24. Nthaka nthawi zambiri imakonzedwa, izi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Masamba oyamba atapangidwa, gloxinia iyenera kubzalidwa m'miphika yosiyana. Tuber yomwe imakulirakulira iyenera kutumphukira pansi. Mukamwetsa maluwa amtsogolo, simuyenera kukhudza masamba.
Upangiri! Ndikofunikira kukula mpaka nthawi yomwe masamba enieni atatu apangidwe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gloxinia iyenera kutsika. Masamba nthawi zambiri amakula pakatha miyezi inayi kuchokera pofesa. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwa tuber amakula.
Njira yabwino yothirira ndi kuyambira pansi. Madzi sayenera kutsanuliridwa mumphika womwewo, koma mumsuzi woyika pansi pamphika pasadakhale.
Muyeneranso kuthirira pang'ono kuti nthaka isadzaze madzi. Zofunikira pachimake bwino ndikuunikira, kutentha ndi chinyezi. Pambuyo pa miyezi 6-7, pomwe tuber idapangidwa kale ndipo masamba ofunikira apangidwa, gloxinia brocada imamasula, komabe, osati zochuluka kwambiri.
Maluwa 2-3 okha amapangidwa kuthengo, koma izi ndizopambana kale. Chomera chokhwima chimakhala ndi masamba pafupifupi 25 pawokha.
Chisamaliro
Chofunika kwambiri pa gloxinia ndikuti safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Komabe, malamulo a maluwa opambana alipo kwa iye, ndipo ayenera kutsatiridwa kuti chitsamba chikhale chobiriwira, chokongola komanso chosangalatsa m'maso. Kutentha kwakukulu sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 25.
Kutentha kukatsika, masamba a chomeracho amatsitsidwa, duwa "limagona". Pamene kutentha kumakwera, masamba amakonda kukwera.
Chinyezi cha mpweya sichiyenera kukhala chokwera, koma gloxinia sakonda zojambula. Mumauma, mawanga ofiira ofiira amapangidwa m'masamba. Koma musapopera mbewu, chifukwa kuvunda kumatha kupanga. Feteleza ntchito zonse okonzeka zopangidwa ndi anapanga mwachindunji paokha. Feteleza nthawi zambiri amayimitsidwa mu Ogasiti.
Maluwa ayenera kudyetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata kapena masiku 10 ndikukula mwachangu, Patatha mwezi umodzi kuchokera pamene gloxinia brokada idabzalidwa kapena kuikidwa m'nthaka yatsopano.
Matenda
Gloxinia, mwatsoka, monga zomera zonse, amatha kudwala. Ascochitis ndimatenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri chinyezi chikamatuluka. Mawanga ofiira, abulauni kapena abula owopsa amapanga masamba.
Masamba owonongeka amachotsedwa, pambuyo pake chomeracho chimathandizidwa ndi mkuwa sulphate ndipo njirayi imabwerezedwa pakatha sabata.
Choipitsa chomaliza ndimatenda owopsa kwambiri a fungus a gloxinia... Ndizowopsa chifukwa zimakhudza magawo onse azomera.
Duwa lankhungu limayamba kuwonekera pamasamba, amauma akauma ndikuyamba kuvunda chinyezi chikakwera.
Mikwingwirima yofiirira imayamba pamayendedwe osauka. Matenda ena ofala ndi fungus ndi septoria. Pa masamba a gloxinia, imvi kapena imvi imawoneka mawanga ofiira, zimayambira ndi mphukira zimauma, zimagwada. Zimakhala zovuta kupulumutsa duwa ili. Ambiri amalakwitsa poyambira kusankha pamanja ndikutulutsa mphukira zowonongeka. Izi zitha kubweretsa kufa koyambirira kwa mbewuyo.
Zofunika! Matendawa amapezeka chifukwa chakuti chinyezi cha mlengalenga chawonjezeka, chomeracho chimayikidwa kwambiri, dothi la gloxinia ndilolimba kwambiri ndipo chisakanizo cha nthaka sichinatetezedwe.
Gloxinia brocada imayambukiranso matenda monga imvi nkhungu, powdery mildew, yemwenso ndi matenda a fungal, downy mildew, thrips.
Zoswana
Mbali yakuberekanso kwa gloxinia ndizotheka zosiyanasiyana... Zitha kufalikira ndi masamba odulidwa, masamba odula, mbewu, ma peduncles, magawano a tuber.
Kubereka kwa gloxinia ndi tsamba:
Gloxinia brocada ndi chomera chodabwitsa kwambiri, chomwe chimapangitsa anthu ambiri kukondana ndi kukongola kwake. Ali ndi zabwino zambiri, chifukwa chake duwa ili lidzakongoletsa malo aliwonse ndikusangalala.