Chilichonse chokhudza kukulira fuchsia ndi chisamaliro chotsatira m'munda: malangizo mwatsatanetsatane, komanso matenda omwe angathe
Fuchsia wapamwamba, wowoneka bwino komanso wowala ndi "chokongoletsa chenicheni" chanyumba kapena dimba. Chomeracho chinagwidwa zaka zoposa 3000 zapitazo, pambuyo pake mitundu yambiri ya haibridi idapangidwa kuti ikule m'malo obzala.
Chitsamba chimakula mwamphamvu kapena mwa shrub. Ndipo mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zofunikira zawo posamalira ndi kuyatsa.
Chotsatira, tikukuuzani zomwe ndizofunikira posamalira fuchsia m'munda. Komanso, ganizirani mwatsatanetsatane matenda omwe angakhalepo a duwa ili.
Momwe mungakulire: mawonekedwe a njirayi
Kulongosola kwachilengedwe kwa chomeracho ndi mtengo wawung'ono, womwe pamakhala masamba ofiira ofiira, masamba apakatikati a lanceolate, ma inflorescence ambiri amitundu ndi mitundu. Pokula m'munda, mitundu yokhala ndi mphukira zazikulu komanso zowongoka nthawi zambiri imatengedwa.
Mtundu uliwonse wa fuchsia uli ndi zofunikira pakasamalidwe ndi kuyatsa, koma chinthu chodziwika bwino ndikuopa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Muyenera kubzala tchire m'malo amdima. Kupatula kwake ndi mitundu ya Aloha ndi Coral, yomwe imasungabe utoto wawo wowoneka bwino ngakhale padzuwa lotentha, koma imafuna kuyisamalira. Tchire la Ampel limakonda kukula m'munda mumphika kapena mumtsuko wamaluwa.
Kutchulidwa. Mukamalimira, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe tchire lilili, nthawi ndi nthawi mumasintha mitundu yolimba ndi ana.
Oyandikana nawo abwino a fuchsia m'munda ndi begonia, basamu kapena ivy.
Malangizo mwatsatanetsatane
Posankha malo obzala, muyenera kusankha malo omwe amayatsa m'mawa ndi madzulo, komanso otetemera masana. Fuchsia iyenera kubzalidwa panthaka yotseguka pasanafike Meyi. Chitsambachi chimadziwika ndikukula mwachangu komanso kulimbitsa - chomeracho chidzaphuka pakatha masabata 2-3 mutabzala. Chomeracho sichimalola nyengo yozizira. Pakulima kwanthawi yayitali, fuchsias amakula bwino mumiphika, ndikuwasamutsa kunja kutentha.
Kapangidwe ka dothi ndi feteleza
Muyenera kubzala mbewu panthaka yopepuka komanso yopatsa thanzi. Mutha kugula dothi losakanizidwa kapena mungadzipange nokha kuchokera kumtunda, peat ndi mchenga (magawo 3: 2: 1). Ndibwino kuti muteteze nthaka - ikani mufiriji kapena kuzizira, kuthirani madzi otentha. Mbewu zimabzalidwa munthaka yotere kuti zipitirire mbande kumunda.
Ndikofunika kubzala mbande m'munda m'nthaka yachonde osalowerera ndale. Ubwino wa nthaka m'derali udzawongoleredwa ndikudzaza pamwamba pake kuchokera ku peat, perlite ndi mchenga. Ndikofunikanso kuwonjezera dongo - zithandizira kusunga michere.
Dothi lomwe mumakonda m'munda liyenera kuphatikiza:
- msuzi wosakaniza kapena nthaka yamasamba;
- peat;
- anathetsa humus ndi kompositi;
- mchenga.
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kusunga chinyezi cha nthaka: pamwamba pake sayenera kuuma, koma chinyezi sichiyenera kudziunjikira muzu.
Mwa feteleza omwe amakonda ndi feteleza wachilengedwe. Amaloledwa kutsatira pambuyo poti mbewuyo yazika mizu ndikutulutsa masamba athunthu. Pazolinga izi, amatenga feteleza wamadzi potengera humus, feteleza ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu, zinc. Kubwezeretsa nthaka kuyenera kusinthidwa ndikupopera masamba pamwamba pa tizirombo (njira yofooka ya Previkur, potaziyamu permanganate).
Kukonzekera ndi kumera
Chikhalidwe chachikulu chakumera kwapamwamba ndi kugula mbewu zatsopano kuchokera kwa opanga odalirika. Muyenera kubzala mbewu m'nthaka kale mu February-Marichi, kenako mbande zimatha kubzalidwa pamtunda pakati pa Meyi. Chidebe cha fuchsia chikuyenera kukhala chachikulu. Chidebe choyenera ndichidebe chowonekera.
Mabowo ngalande ayenera kumangidwa pansi pa beseni. Kenako, pangani dothi kapena miyala yayikulu - mbande sizifa ndi madzi osayenda. Kenako muyenera kutsanulira dothi losakaniza, kuliphatika, kusiya 2-3 masentimita m'mphepete mwa chidebecho. Pofuna kupewa kupanga nkhungu, nthaka iyenera kupopera kuchokera pamwamba ndi potaziyamu permanganate kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi.
Pofuna kuzamitsa nyembazo ndi chala chanu masentimita 3-5. Tsekani beseniyo ndi cellophane kapena chivindikiro, onetsetsani kuti mwasiya mpweya wolowera. Ikani pazenera lofunda. Kutentha kwakukulu sikuposa 22 madigiri. Pambuyo pa kuwonekera kwa mphukira zoyamba, donthozani madzi kamodzi pamasiku awiri, tsiku lililonse - utsi mpweya ndi madzi ochokera mu botolo la kutsitsi.
Momwe mungasamalire?
Mwa malamulo oyambira ndi kuthirira kolondola mbande ndi mbewu za anthu akuluakulu. Fuchsias amafuna kuthirira koma moyenera. Ndikofunika kuti muchite 1-2 kamodzi sabata. Madzi ayenera kuwonjezeredwa m'mawa. Pakati kuthirira, onetsetsani kuti mwapopera masamba ndi botolo la utsi, chifukwa chomeracho chimakonda chinyezi. Ngati mphukira yafooka, iyenera kudulidwa nthawi.
Pali zina mwa chisamaliro. M'munda, "kukongola kwamtengo wapatali" kumapatsidwa malo otetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi kukonza. Ngati zinthu zonse zakwaniritsidwa, chomeracho chimasintha ndikusangalala ndi utoto: mtunduwo udzakhala wonyezimira, wobiriwira wobiriwira adzakula, chitsamba chimalimba.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwakukula panja ndi 21-23 ° (chizindikirocho sichiyenera kukhala chokwanira ngakhale chilimwe). Ngati chizindikiro cha thermometer chakwera mpaka 26 mpaka 28, fuchsia imatsitsa masamba ake ndikuyamba kufota.
Kutsatira zochita
Malamulo oyambira amasankha malo oyenera, kuthirira ndi chinyezi. Ngati wamaluwa amalakwitsa, zizindikiro izi zikuwonetsa izi:
- Masamba amagwa ndipo maluwa amafota - fuchsia samapeza chinyezi chokwanira.
- Chitsamba chonse chimafota - pali chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka, mizu imayamba kuvunda.
- Mawanga a bulauni amawonekera pa masamba - kuwongolera pafupipafupi kuthirira kumafunika, nthaka ikafika madzi.
Kusamalira mbewu kumatanthauza kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza - mullein kapena humus wotsika kwambiri, phulusa. Pakapangidwe ka masamba ndi nthawi yamaluwa, kuyambitsa mavalidwe amtsogolo kumafunika.
Pamakalata. Ndikofunika kuti muzidulira mitengo yabwino kwambiri ya fuchsia. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani mphukira zowuma kapena zofooka, ndikuchepetsa nsonga zomwe zikukula ndi theka.
Matenda omwe angakhalepo: zambiri
Ubwino wa chomeracho ndikuti sichitha kudwala. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za powdery mildew zitha kuwoneka kuthengo. Fundazol ikuthandizani kuthana ndi matendawa (onani mlingo wa phukusi). Mavuto ena omwe angakhalepo akuphatikizapo zowola zakuda kapena zakuda. Gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi chitsamba limakhala lamadzi, pachimake pachimake pamwamba pamasamba. Kulimbana ndi matenda ndiko kuchotsa kwakanthawi kwa ziwalo zakufa ndikuchiza mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chitsamba cha fuchsia chitha kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo - nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata za kangaude, whitefly. Zizindikiro za kufalikira kwa nsabwe ndi mtundu wotumbululuka komanso kupindika kwa masamba, kupindika kwa zimayambira, osatsegula masamba. Chithandizo cha masamba ndi mowa komanso kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kukonzekera kulikonse kuchokera ku gulu la tizirombo kudzapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Ngati chinyezi ndi chochepa, fuchsia imadwala matenda a kangaude. Zizindikiro ndi mabanga ndi madontho pamasamba, kupindika ndi kutsika komwe kumatsatira. Kuteteza tizilombo kumakhalanso ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Fuchsia ndi duwa lokongola lomwe limalimidwa makamaka mumiphika, mitsuko yamaluwa, ndi zotengera zokongoletsera. Mukamakula m'munda, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo apadera osamalira. Muyenera kubzala mbewu mu chidebe mu February, ndikubzala mbande pamalo otseguka mu Meyi. Kwa chomera, zisonyezo zakubzala kwa nthaka ndi chinyezi chofunikira ndizofunikira. Mutha kuzindikira zoyamba za matenda a fuchsia m'munda ndi masamba.
Kukula fuchsia panja: