Nanga bwanji ngati mtundu wa begonia sukufalikira?

Begonia ndi chomera chochokera kumadera otentha a Asia, Africa ndi America. M. Begon - Kazembe wa San Domingo komanso wokonda maluwa wotchuka. Atapunthwa ndi kukongola kosadziwika kale, akatswiri azomera adamutcha dzina lake, ndikupitiliza kuwakonda.

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 1,000 mu banja la begonia. Obereketsa agwira ntchito yolumikizidwa bwino, kuwonetsetsa kuti okonda mbewu zapakhomo angasangalale ndi chozizwitsa ichi. Kodi ndizosavuta kumusamalira kuti musangalale ndi masamba okongola?

Kodi chomerachi ndi chiyani?

Begonia ndi dzina la mtundu wazomera wochokera kubanja lomwelo. Zitha kukhala zitsamba, theka- kapena shrub. Oyimira onse amtunduwu ali ndi masamba osakanikirana ndi tsamba lodulidwa kwambiri. Amasintha nthawi yamaluwa. Pambuyo poyendetsa mungu, masamba a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mithunzi amatseguka pa peduncles.

Pamakalata. Maluwa onse ndi owala, ali ndi mawonekedwe osasintha. Amakhala ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Ma begonias ena ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu, pomwe ena amakhala ndi ma rhizomes, koma zipatso nthawi zonse zimakhala bokosi.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, begonias adanenedwa ku Europe kumapeto kwa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chiwiri. Kenako asayansi mosayembekezeka adakumana ndi begonia wobiriwira nthawi zonse ku New World, patangopita nthawi pang'ono - ku Royal. M'nkhalango ku South America, munapezeka mtundu wina wa mitengoyi.

Makhalidwe a nyengo yamaluwa

Kutalika ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa kunyumba kumadalira momwe mwiniwake amasamalira chiweto chobiriwira. Muphunzira zamalimidwe olondola a begonias kunyumba munkhani ina.

Zimayamba liti ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Olima maluwa odziwa bwino ntchito yawo amatha kusangalala ndi maluwa a begonia kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena chaka. Pambuyo pa maluwa ataliatali, amafunika kupumula, pambuyo pake chomeracho chimadzutsidwa pang'onopang'ono ndipo posakhalitsa chimasangalala ndi masamba owala.

Ambiri amabzala chomera pakati pa mwezi wa February, kotero kuti masamba oyamba amapanga kumapeto kwa Epulo, ndikuphuka mu Meyi. Poterepa, zimakondweretsa masamba ambiri mpaka Okutobala.

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, begonia imamasula chaka chonse, koma izi sizichitika ngati wolimawo sanabzale. Werengani za kudulira kolondola kwa begonias pano.

Zimachitika bwanji kunyumba?

Begonia imamasula kwambiri komanso yowala. Maluwa ake ndiabwino, monga masamba a peonies, maluwa kapena ma carnations. Amatha kukhala awiri kapena omveka, akulu kapena ang'ono. Amasonkhanitsa ma inflorescence a racemose axillary omwe amapanga pamwamba pa mphukira. Perianth imapangidwa ndi 2-5, ndipo nthawi zina pamakhala masamba 6-8.

Njira yamaluwa:

1. Kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, maluwa onse achikazi amadulidwa ndikudyetsedwa katatu pamwezi.
2. Maluwa amayamba nthawi yomweyo kutheka kuti mungu wochokera m'maluwa otukuka, i.e. ziwalo zake zimakhala zofikirika komanso zaulere chifukwa cha kuyendetsa mungu.
3. Posachedwa maluwa achikasu, ofiira kapena lalanje amatuluka (atha kukhala amtundu umodzi kapena amitundu yambiri). Kutalika, komanso nyengo yamaluwa yokha, zimadalira momwe mlimi amasamalira begonia, kaya kuyambitsa mungu kumachitika.
4. Maluwawo akamatuluka, nyemba za mbewu zimapangidwa.

Kwa maluwa ataliatali, duwa limadyetsedwa kamodzi pamlungu ndi zovuta zamafuta (Good Power, Bona Forte). Asanayambitse, amawadyetsa ndi njira yofooka ya potaziyamu nitrate. Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungadyetse chomera kuti chikhale maluwa ambiri, werengani nkhaniyi.

Zofunika! Feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito: ndi owopsa. Kutalikitsa maluwa, maluwa opunduka adulidwa.

Osati begonias onse ali ndi maluwa onunkhira. Beuman a begonia amanunkhiza. Ali ndi fungo lapadera, komanso, ali ndi mankhwala. Amatsuka bronchi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya kupuma. Werengani za zothandiza komanso zovulaza za chomerachi pano, komanso ngati chitha kusungidwa kunyumba komanso chifukwa chake chikufunika, tidakambirana za nkhaniyi.

Chithunzi

Pemphani kuti muone chithunzi cha kufalikira kwa zinyalala za begonia ndi mitundu ina, komanso momwe mbewu imawonekera popanda maluwa.

Begonia zinyalala pepala:

Begonia Volumia:

Begonia Mapiko Aana:

Begonia Bada Boom:

Begonia Ray:

Zinthu zofunika

Kuti kukongola kwanu kuphulike kunyumba, muyenera kumusamalira mwanjira inayake. Chomeracho chimafuna kutsatira izi:

• Kupanda zojambula. Simungathe kuyika mphikawo kuti uwomberedwe kuchokera mbali zonse. Tuberous begonias ali ndi mphukira zosalimba. Amaswa ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Pofuna kupewa izi, tetezani chomera ku mpweya wake. Osakwaniritsa izi, sakudabwa kugwa kwa masamba ndi maluwa.
• Mpweya wabwino. Kupuma kwa mpweya kulibe ntchito. Kukula bwino, begonias amapereka mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse.
• Kuyatsa. Zitsanzo zophuka zimafunikira kuyatsa kowala. Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumatsutsana kwa iwo, chifukwa kumawotcha pamasamba. Bwino kuyika mphika kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwazenera.
• Kutentha. M'miyezi yotentha, kutentha kumayenera kukhala + 21-23⁰С, ndipo nthawi yozizira - + 15-18⁰С.
• Chinyezi chamlengalenga. Begonia amakonda chinyezi chambiri, koma simuyenera kuipopera. Ngati madzi ochokera mu botolo la kutsitsi afika pamasamba, mawanga abulauni adzawonekera. Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la chinyezi, ikani chomeracho pa tray yosandulika. Kapangidwe kameneka kamayikidwa pachitetezo chokulirapo. Dothi lokulitsa ndi moss amathiridwa mozungulira mozungulira, pomwe madzi amapopera kuchokera ku botolo la utsi nthawi ndi nthawi.
• Kuthirira. Iyenera kukhala yochuluka masiku otentha. Musalole kuchepa kwa chinyezi mumphika. Palibe kuthirira kofunikira m'miyezi yozizira chifukwa ma tubers amaikidwa mu peat.
• Zovala zapamwamba. Pakati pa maluwa, zomera zimadyetsedwa katatu pamwezi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti mkati begonia siyimachita maluwa, koma imapereka masamba okha - taganizirani chifukwa chake izi zimachitika kunyumba.

1. Nthawi zina wamaluwa amaika mphika wa begonia modzidzimutsa ndi kuiwala zakuthirira. Patapita kanthawi, akuzindikira kuti akutha. Chikhalidwe chachikulu chomwe chimawonedwa ngati mukufuna kuwona maluwa pawindo ndikuthirira kwambiri. Muphunzira ma nuances ofunikira osamalira duwa mumphika pazinthu izi.
2. Pofuna kupewa, imathiriridwa ndi yankho lofooka la manganese kapena fungicides popewa kukula kwa matenda a fungal.
3. Ngati simudyetsa begonia ndi feteleza wamchere, tuber imakula bwino ndipo maluwa adzagwa.
4. Kuperewera kwa maluwa kumayambitsidwa ndi gawo losankhidwa molakwika ndi mphika potengera kapangidwe ndi kukula kwake. Muphunzira posankha mphika ndikusamalira duwa mumphika wamaluwa pano.

Kutchulidwa. Tuberous begonia imamasula patatha nthawi yayitali. Kuti achite izi, amatulutsa masamba kugwa ndikupeza atsopano mchaka.

Musanayang'ane njira yopangira begonia pachimake, yang'anani chifukwa chosowa masamba.

• Mphikawo uli mumthunzi. Ngati mphikawo uli mumthunzi, sungani kumalo ena komwe kutalika kwa tsikulo kudzakhala kosiyana. Nthawi yomweyo, onetsetsani kuti m'malo atsopano dzuwa silikuwala. Begonia imamva bwino kumazenera akumwera chakumadzulo komanso kumwera chakum'mawa.
• Kuthirira koyipa. Kuperewera kwa chinyezi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi masamba owuma kumapeto.
• Mpweya wouma. Ndikosavuta kumenyana nawo pogula mankhwala opopera madzi kapena zowonjezera popanda zowonjezera.
• Kusinthasintha kwa nyengo ya kutentha. Pofuna kupewa kupsinjika, amasamutsa mphikawo pamalo otentha pomwe sipadzakhala zolemba.
• Kusowa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ndikofunikira chifukwa imalimbikitsa mapangidwe a masamba, omwe adzaphuka mchaka. Kuti muchite izi, chepetsani kuyatsa mpaka maola asanu ndi awiri patsiku ndikuphimba begonia ndi kapu kapena thaulo.
• Tizirombo. Kuyendera pafupipafupi kumathandiza kuzindikira nsabwe za m'masamba kapena nthata zisanawononge chomeracho. Tinalemba za matenda a begonia ndi tizirombo apa.
• Mizu yotentha.
• Kusowa kwa feteleza. Nitrogeni sachotsedwa, chifukwa amalepheretsa masamba kuti asapangidwe.

Kupeza choyambitsa kungathandize kusintha chisamaliro ndikubwezeretsanso zinthu mwakale.

Chochita ndi momwe mungapangire kuti mbewu ipereke maluwa?

Begonia ndi chomera chomwe sichidzaphukanso ngati olima maluwa sanapange zovuta zonse kwakanthawi. Sakonda "kudzutsidwa" nthawi yake isanakwane.

Pamakalata. Simungasunthire mphikawo kuchokera kumalo kupita kwinakwake akapeza utoto.

Alimi odziwa zambiri akuwunikanso chisamaliro chomera pakalibe ovary. Amamvera:

1. kuyatsa;
2. kutentha;
3. kuthirira (muphunzira momwe mungathirire begonia m'nkhaniyi);
4. chinyezi cha mpweya.

Nthawi zina magawo onse pamndandanda pamwambapa amakwaniritsidwa. Poterepa, vutoli ndi lakuya - mukamabzala, nthaka imasankhidwa mwachisawawa. Amapeza nthaka yopanda thanzi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yopatsa thanzi. Kusunthira mumchenga wosakanikirana, peat, humus, turf ndi tsamba lamasamba kumathandizira kubwezeretsa maluwa.

Mapeto

Begonia ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chimakongoletsa malo odyera komanso mabwalo, nyumba ndi minda (muphunzira za kusamalira begonia pano, ndipo werengani momwe mungasamalire chomera chakunyumba pano). Amasinthidwa nthawi yamaluwa, koma ovary samawoneka nthawi zonse. Osunga maluwa samatsatira malamulo oyambira osamalira ndipo samapereka mtendere nthawi yophukira ndi nyengo yozizira (werengani zakusamalira begonia nthawi yozizira pano). Atakweza alamu munthawi yake ndikuzindikira chifukwa chomwe palibe ovary, chilichonse chitha kukonzedwa.

Onerani kanemayo: My Begonia Collection. Houseplant Haul (September 2024).