Chilichonse chokhudza ma orchid m'chilengedwe: zithunzi, momwe amakulira komanso momwe amasiyanirana ndi kwawo
Orchid ndi amodzi mwa maluwa akale kwambiri omwe amasinthidwa kuti azisamalira nyumba. Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa komwe ndi mitundu yamtunduwu imamera kuthengo.
Banja la ma orchid ndilosiyana kwambiri, ndipo sizamoyo zake zonse zomwe zimatha kukhala zoweta ndi anthu. Okonda maluwa amenewa adzakhala ndi chidwi kudziwa momwe maluwa a orchid amakulira popanda kuthandizidwa ndi anthu.
Mwachilengedwe, duwa ili limakula m'malo akulu ndikupanga mawonekedwe osangalatsa kwa maso a munthu wamba. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kukula kwake kumapangitsa orchid kukhala wosayerekezeka.
Mitengo yamtchire ndi mitundu yanji?
Masiku ano, pali mitundu yoposa 30,000 yazomera. Kutchire, maluwawa amachulukirachulukira ndikuthira mungu ndi maluwa ena, ndichifukwa chake amasintha nthawi zonse. Zowonjezerapo zatsopano, pali nambala yeniyeni yomwe sichidziwika.
Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya ma orchid:
- Saprophytes (amakhala mobisa).Mitunduyi ilibe chlorophyll, koma maluwa amakhala ndi mphukira imodzi, yokutidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono, omwe amatha ndi burashi yamaluwa. Chofunikira ndikosatheka pakupanga mizu yatsopano - maluwa a saprophytic amayamwa madzi kuchokera pagawo la humus padziko lonse lapansi.
- Epiphytes (amakula pamitengo). Mitundu yochuluka kwambiri kumadera otentha. Maluwa otere amamera pamitengo, m'mapiri ndi pamiyala, kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngati chothandizira, koma osadzilimbitsa. Ndi mitundu iyi yomwe anthu amasinthidwa kuti aziswana kunyumba.
- Maluwa apansi. Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo maluwa otentha omwe amapezeka ku USA ndi Europe, komanso kumadera otentha. Ndiwo mtundu wokhawo wa orchid womwe umatha kukula m'malo otentha.
Kumtchire, mutha kuwona ma orchid pafupifupi mitundu yonse ndi mithunzi - monochromatic, toni ziwiri, komanso ngakhale kutengera. Mtundu wokhawo womwe kulibe m'chilengedwe ndi wabuluu. Ndizosowa kwambiri kupeza orchid wofiirira - utoto uwu umangoyendera limodzi ndi chikasu, choyera kapena lalanje (mtundu waukulu wa chomeracho).
CHENJEZO! Ma orchid achikuda (monga maluwa ndi maluwa ena) kulibe m'chilengedwe chifukwa zomera zilibe jini lomwe limayambitsa pigment yotere.
Obereketsa amatha kutulutsa maluwa aliwonse amtundu wakuda kapena wakuda, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti mtundu uwu siwachilengedwe wazomera. Osati kale kwambiri, asayansi aku Japan adapanga mtundu wamaluwa abuluu - amodzi mwa mtunduwo.
Chithunzi
Chotsatira, mutha kuwona chithunzi cha maluwa atsopano, komanso komwe amakulira kuthengo komanso pamitengo:
Kodi amakulira kuti komanso kuti?
Zomera izi ndizofala kumayiko onse kupatula ku Antarctica. Mwachilengedwe, amasankha malo otseguka pomwe mizu yawo imatha kukhala ndi kuwala. Ndiwo, ma orchid amamamatira ku makungwa a mitengo ndi ming'alu ya miyala, pogwiritsa ntchito malowa ngati othandizira. Koma pali ena omwe adasinthidwa kukhala nthaka wamba - ma orchid oterewa amafanana pang'ono ndi omwe amabadwira kunyumba.
Mitundu yaku South America ndi Africa imamera bwino pamadigiri otentha a 28 komanso kupitilira apo, komanso chinyezi 60%. Mizu ya mbewu zotere ili pamtunda ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito chinyezi kuchokera mlengalenga, chifukwa chomwe sichimauma.
M'mapiriwo ndi kumapiri, adasinthidwa kuti akule m'nthaka wamba. Nthawi yotentha yamasana kumeneko ndiyosiyana kwambiri ndi nthawi yausiku, chifukwa chake mitunduyo imayenera kusinthidwa ndikusinthidwa. Orchid wofala kwambiri ndi Spotted Yartis. Chomeracho ndi masamba ofiira-bulauni, 30 mpaka 60 masentimita kutalika ndi kutalika kwa mtundu wa spike wokhala ndi utoto wofiirira kapena wofiirira.
CHENJEZO! Ma orchids amatha kuzolowera pafupifupi nyengo iliyonse, amasintha ndipo nthawi zina amakhala osiyana kwambiri ndi mbewu zamnyumba.
New Guinea, Malaysia, Indonesia, Andes, ndi mapiri a ku Brazil kumatentha kwambiri kuposa madera otentha, koma orchid imapezekanso kumeneko. Chifukwa cha kuwala bwino, kutentha ndi chinyezi, mitundu yambiri yazomera imakula m'malo amenewa.
Woimira odziwika kwambiri m'maiko otsika kwambiri ndi Cattleya orchid. Maluwawo amatha kutalika mita imodzi ndi theka ndikupereka maluwa mpaka makumi awiri panthambi iliyonse yamaluwa. Chodabwitsa, mtundu uwu wakula mwa iwo wokha chiwalo chatsopano - pseudobulb, yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati malo okula maluwa, kusunga zakudya zonse mwa izo zokha.
M'madera otentha, ma orchid sanapezeke chifukwa chakuzizira kotere kumakhala kovuta kukhala ndi mizu yakuthambo. Chifukwa apa maluwa amakula nthaka yokha. Ku Thailand, maluwawa amakula paliponse, zomwe zimapatsa dziko lino ufulu wokhala ngati nkhokwe ya orchid.
Mayendedwe amoyo
Ngakhale mitundu ya orchids ndiyosiyana kwambiri, nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi moyo ndi yayitali kwambiri. Pafupifupi, zomerazi zimakhala zaka 60 mpaka 80.
Palinso azaka zana limodzi, omwe nthawi zina amatha kukula koposa zaka zana. Nthawi yomweyo, ma orchid amakhala otheka. Saopa kusintha kwa kutentha, ndipo dzuwa lowala limalandilidwa nawo nthawi zonse. Ngakhale ku Japan wakale, maluwa oterewa amakula mnyumba ndipo amalemekezedwa kwambiri. Adalandilidwanso ndi cholowa, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti ma orchids alidi okhalitsa.
Kusiyana kwawo
Mbali yayikulu yosiyanitsa orchid wapakhomo kuthengo ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa ya zoweta. Kuthengo, ma orchid, kwakukulu, amafunikira zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa m'nyumba ndi nyumba. M'mbuyomu, okonda maluwa awa adapanga malo oyandikira nyumba zawo kuti azisunga ma orchid, koma popita nthawi, obereketsa apanga mitundu yatsopano yomwe imatha kukhala m'malo otentha.
Malangizo! Akatswiri okondana nawonso adakondana ndi mitundu yomwe yasintha kuti ikule munthaka yosavuta - ma orchid oterewa amakhalanso opanda pake, koma amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo. Komanso ma orchids apakhomo amakhala ndi moyo wawufupi, womwe pafupifupi zaka 8-9.
Chinthu china chosiyana ndi maluwa a orchid ndi maluwa ake obiriwira. Mitundu ina ya zoweta imamasula pafupifupi chaka chonse, komanso kutchire kokha chilimwe.
Kuthengo, mutha kupeza ma orchid ambiri, ena ndi achilendo kwambiri, ndipo ena amafanana kwambiri ndi zitsanzo zoweta. Koma, ngakhale ndizosiyanasiyana, zonsezi ndi zokongola kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala zonunkhira bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyi ikhale imodzi mwazoyimitsa kwambiri komanso zokongola kwambiri.