Zonse zokhudzana ndi nthawi yobzala Primrose ndi momwe mungachitire moyenera: mawonekedwe okula ndikupanga maluwa

Primula ndi ya Primroses, ndi m'modzi mwa omwe akuyimira mtunduwu, pali mitundu yoposa 450.

Amapezeka makamaka kumadera otentha komanso otentha. Zitha kuwona ku Himalaya, kumadzulo kwa China, pachilumba cha Java, ku America.

Chomeracho chimasankha madambo osefukira, magombe amitsinje, nyanja ndi mitsinje yamapiri ngati malo okhalamo, komanso malo otsetsereka a mapiri okutidwa ndi udzu. Tikuuzani momwe mungakulire choyambirira.

Nthawi yotumiza

Zokometsera zapakhomo zimalimidwa monga zosatha, ndipo maluwa am'munda amakhala osatha komanso azaka. Zosowa za mitunduyi ndizofanana, koma palinso zina, kotero tilingalira mosamalitsa chisamaliro ndi kumuika ngati mwayi wamaluwa apanyumba komanso mwayi wokula panja.

Tidziwitsanso nthawi yobzala chomera ichi, kuphatikiza mitundu yam'munda ndi yakunyumba.

Zonse

Kugawidwa kwa primrose ndi mizu kuti aberekane nthawi zonse kumalumikizidwa ndi njira yozika. Gawo loyamba limapangidwa mchaka chachitatu kapena chachisanu.... Kubzala kumafunika kuti chomeracho chilimbikitsenso tchire ndikukonzanso nthaka.

Za munda

Kodi ndipanga liti Primrose? Ndichizolowezi kubzala ndikugawa chitsamba choyambirira zaka zisanu zilizonse.

Amakonda kukula kwambiri ndipo amafunikira kukonzanso kwazomera nthawi ndi nthawi.... Nthawi yabwino yobzala pamenepa ndi nthawi yosiya maluwa.

Ngati pazifukwa zina izi sizinachitike, ndiye kuti zipatsozo zingabzalidwe pambuyo pake, koma osapitilira pakati pa Ogasiti.

Kunyumba

Kubzala kunyumba Primrose kumachitika kumapeto kwa chirimwe kapena koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira, zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zilizonse.

Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunikira?

• Kwa zaka zingapo zakukula, primrose imakula ndipo ma rosettes amakhala opanikizika kale limodzi.
• Pali kuchepa kwa kuchuluka ndi kutalika kwa maluwa.
• Mizu imawonekera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yosatetezeka.

Kuwona kunyumba

Momwe mungasinthire?

Amatenga mphika watsopano wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wakale uja... Iyenera kukhala yotakata, koma osati yakuya mokwanira. Miphika yadongo ndiyovomerezeka, popeza dongo limapumira komanso mizu imapuma, kupatsa mbeuyo malo abwino komanso athanzi. Mabowo pansi pa mphika kuti athetse chinyezi chowonjezera amafunikira.

Chenjezo! Njira yabwino yosinthira primrose ndi kudzera mu njira yosamutsira.

1. Thirirani chomera pasadakhale kuti nthaka ikhale yofewa komanso yodekha.
2. Mosamala ikani mphika pamodzi ndi chomera pambali pake, mutanyamula zimayambira za primrose.
3. Pogwiritsa ntchito spatula, pezani mizu ndi nthaka kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mphika, tulutsani chomeracho ndi dothi.
4. Pansi pa mphika watsopanowu mudalowetsedwa ngalande zabwino zadongo, wosanjikiza uyenera kukhala wa masentimita angapo.
5. Kenaka, kutsanulira masentimita awiri a chisakanizo chatsopano cha nthaka kumatsanulidwa. Ndikofunika kuphimba dongo lonse kuti mizu ya primrose isakumane mwachindunji ndi ngalandeyo.
6. Mizu ikamaika chotupa cha dothi, zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yokhazikitsayo ndiyabwino kwambiri ndipo chomeracho chikuyenera kukonza mbale ndi nthaka.
7. Chomeracho, pamodzi ndi mtanda wa dothi, zimayikidwa mosamala mumphika watsopano, ndikuyika tchire pakati.
8. Zomwe zili mbalizo zimakutidwa ndi nthaka yatsopano.
9. Primrose siyiyikidwa m'manda ndi rosette m'nthaka, onetsetsani kuti muisiya pamwamba.

Pazaka zomwe osayika, zimafunika kukonzanso nthaka pochotsa pamwamba pake sentimita imodzi ndi theka ndikubwezeretsanso ina.

Mitundu yosamalira

Kuyatsa

Chomera chokonda kuwala sichifuna kuwala kwa dzuwa, chimakonda kuyatsa kosiyanasiyana. Kumbali yakumpoto, primrose idzamva bwino, ndipo kum'mwera kuli chiopsezo chotentha pamasamba. Ndikofunika kwambiri kumera duwa pazenera lazenera lakumadzulo ndi kum'mawa.

Chenjezo! Ndi kusowa kwa kuwala, Primrose imatha kukula, koma siyipatsa maluwa ochulukirapo komanso ataliatali.

Kutentha

M'nyengo yozizira ndi masika, kutentha kwa madigiri 10-15 ndikolandiridwa. M'chaka ndi nthawi yamaluwa, kutumiza chomeracho pakhonde, mumthunzi pang'ono, kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Nyengo yozizira ikayamba, primrose imabwezeretsedwanso mnyumba. Kutentha kwambiri kumatha kupangitsa duwa kugwa ndikuchepetsa nthawi yamaluwa. Komabe, pali zotsutsana zoterezi zomwe zimakonda kutentha ndipo zimayamba bwino pamadigiri 16-20. Nthawi zina, kutentha kwanyumba kumachita, osapsa konse.

Kuthirira

Pafupifupi, kuthiriridwa monga chonchi: dothi mumphika siliyenera kuuma, ndikofunikira kuti lisunthire pang'ono. Komabe, simungathe kupanga madzi ochulukirapo, apo ayi mizu imawola. Palinso zina zabwino. Pakati pa nyengo yamaluwa, Primrose imathiriridwa kwambiri, ndipo mutatha maluwa, mulingo wa chinyezi umachepetsedwa, kusungunula masiku awiri kapena atatu pambuyo pouma.

Chinyezi

Chomeracho sichisankhapo za magawo apadera a chinyezi cha nyengo, koma mchipinda chouma kwambiri komanso chotentha, imatha kudwala, malekezero a masambawo adzauma.

Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, ndikwanira kuyika makapu amadzi pambali pake, evaporator kapena kuyika mphikawo mu tray yayikulu yokhala ndi moss wothira kapena mipira yolumikizidwa ndi dongo.

Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzitha kupopera mankhwala kuchokera kutsitsi labwino kuti masamba ake asaume.

Nthaka

Nthaka yosakaniza iyenera kukhala yodzaza ndi zinthu zofunikira, komanso ndi ofooka, pafupi ndi acidity yopanda ndale. Nthaka yoyenera ma geraniums kapena chilengedwe cha maluwa amkatingati akuphatikizidwa ndi mchenga pang'ono. Mutha kudzipangira nokha dothi posakaniza magawo ofanana: mchenga, peat, turf ndi nthaka yamasamba.

Upangiri! Musanagwiritse ntchito, perekani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira yothetsera potaziyamu permanganate.

Feteleza

Dyetsani primrose kuyambira pomwe masamba oyamba amawonekera mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa. Zamadzimadzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudyetsa maluwa. Ndendeyo ndi theka poyerekeza ndi mlingo womwe ulimbikitsidwa m'malangizo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika milungu ingapo. Pakati pa utoto, ndikololedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zamoyo kamodzi - yankho la zitosi za mbalame.

Nthawi zina, kudyetsa sikuchitika, kamodzi kokha panthawi yokula feteleza wa feteleza amathandizidwa kuti athandizire kukulitsa mphamvu yama masamba. Zamadzimadzi zamadzimadzi pazomera zowuma, kapena yankho la 0,1% la ammonium nitrate, lidzakwanira pano.

Nthawi yamaluwa ndi matalala

Ndi kuwala kokwanira komanso kuthirira koyenera, primrose imamasula mu February. ndipo imatha nyengo yamaluwa mu Julayi. Kenako pakubwera nthawi yopuma. Munthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe a masamba ndi ma peduncle amasiya, koma akalewo samatha. Ndibwino kuti musunthire mbewuyo kukhala mthunzi pang'ono.

M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuti mukhalebe pazenera lakumpoto pafupi ndi miyala kuti mukhale owala pang'ono komanso nthawi yomweyo kuzizira. Zinthu zimasinthidwa nyengo isanakwane - kuyatsa kukuwonjezeka, ndipo mphika umasunthidwira kumalo otentha.

Kukula pofika Marichi 8 mu wowonjezera kutentha

Pofuna kulima, mtundu wochepa wazomera wazaka ziwiri kapena zitatu ndizoyenera. Ana azaka chimodzi amapereka mphukira zazing'ono, koma zipatso zoyambira kale ziziwoneka bwino, popeza adakwanitsa kupeza voliyumu pakanthawi kochepa. Musanadzalemo, muyenera kugawa rhizome kukhala tchire lodziyimira pawokha, kupanga motere kuchokera ku zidutswa zingapo.

Ndondomeko

1. Ndikofunika kukumba primrose kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Ndikofunika, pamodzi ndi mtanda wadothi, kuyika chomeracho m'malo otentha +3 madigiri, osaposa. Chifukwa chake, ndizotheka kuyisunga mpaka masiku oyamba a February.
2. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa February, masamba ndi zimayambira zonse zimachotsedwa.
3. Amabzalidwa m'miphika 10-12 cm m'mimba mwake. Gawo lapansi limatengedwa ngati ma primroses apanyumba.
4. Malo ogulitsirawo sanaikidwe mwanjira iliyonse, kuwasiya akuyenda ndi nthaka.
5. Amakhala ndi mmera pamadigiri + 5-10. Mawonekedwe otenthawa ndi chitsimikizo cha maluwa obiriwira, ndikutentha kumeneku komwe kuyika ma peduncles ndi masamba kuli m'njira yabwino kwambiri.
6. Kuunikira kuyenera kukhala kwabwino, koma kopanda cheza.
7. Kuthirira kumachitika moyenera, kudyetsa kowonjezera ndi njira yothira mchere kumachitika masambawo asanaphulike.

Upangiri! Chomeracho chitazilala, ndizotheka kuchibwezeretsanso pansi, ndikuzisamalira malinga ndi malamulo ovomerezeka.

Umu ndi momwe maluwa amakulira pofika Marichi 8 mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Kulima kumunda

Tsopano za kukula kutchire.

Nthaka

Nthaka ya Primrose imakonda hygroscopic, yotayirira komanso yopepuka... Ndikofunika kukhetsa nthaka kuti chinyezi chisasunthike ndikupangitsa mizu kuvunda. Imakula bwino m'nthaka ya mchenga. Ngati dothi ndilolemera komanso loumbika, ndiye kuti mutha kumasula ndi kulipeputsa powonjezera mchenga wa malita khumi ndi makilogalamu angapo a manyowa pa kiyubiki mita, komanso ngalande komanso kumasuka kwa sphagnum ndi vermiculite.

Malo

Kufika panja pa osatha Primrose kumachitika mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. M'nthawi yachisanu kapena kugwa. Malo abwino kwambiri kwa iye amakhala m'malo amthunzi, pafupi ndi tchire ndi mitengo. Malo abwino, owunikiridwa m'mawa, kapena phiri lamwala kum'mawa, kumpoto kapena kumadzulo kwa kanyumba.

Kuthirira ndi feteleza

Nthaka imayenera kusungidwa pang'ono, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi pamlingo wa malita atatu pakona. Kutentha, kuthirira kumawirikiza. Amadyetsa ndi nyimbo zamchere chimodzimodzi ndi chomera chanyumba. Musakhale achangu kwambiri ndi zakudya zowonjezera za nayitrogeni, kuti chomeracho chisataye mphamvu zake zonse pakupanga masamba, ndiye kuti maluwa sangagwire ntchito.

Pofuna kupewa izi, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amasinthasintha ndi nyimbo za potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Primrose imavomerezedwa ndi peat ndi humus, kompositi ndi dothi lamasamba. Izi sizimangolemeretsa nthaka, komanso zimawongolera mawonekedwe ake. Zodzoladzola zimachitika katatu m'nyengo yokula - koyambirira kwamasika, patatha milungu ingapo komanso gawo lachiwiri la nyengo yachilimwe.

Kutentha

Primrose imagonjetsedwa ndi chimfine chozizira, imaperekanso kutentha kwa subzero, mpaka - 6. Pali, komabe, mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe siili yolimba ndipo ndikofunikira kuti muziyeretse chisanu chisanachitike. Izi zimasungidwa mpaka masika m'malo okhala m'malo ozizira. Werengani zambiri za momwe mungakonzekerere nyengo yoyamba yozizira pano.

Zoyenera kuchita ndi madera osiyanasiyana?

Tsopano za kulima dimba la primrose ndikusamalira.

Zomera zazing'onozing'ono zimabzalidwa pakadutsa masentimita 10-15, ndi zikuluzikulu zokhala ndi masentimita 20 mpaka 30. Primrose imakonda malo otsekedwa komanso otetezedwa, chifukwa chake dimba lamaluwa liyenera kukhala lolinganizidwa kuti mbewu zizitsekera zikakula.

Ndikofunika kubzala tsiku lamvula.

1. Konzani dzenje lakuya koyenera pamalo omwe mukufuna.
2. Phulusa, mchenga ndi manyowa zimawonjezeredwa m'maenje atsopano.
3. Kukumba Primrose pamodzi ndi clod lapansi.
4. Yambitsaninso chomeracho poyika dzenje latsopanolo. Dulani pang'onopang'ono mbalizo ndi nthaka.
5. Madzi, pakutentha ndikofunikira kuti mthunziwo ubisike.

Ngati kumuika kumalumikizidwa ndi cholinga chogawaniza primrose, ndiye kuti ndondomekoyi iyenera kuchitidwa pakadutsa maluwa. Ndikofunika kuti mutabzala duwa mumakhala ndi nthawi yozika nthawi isanayambike nyengo yozizira.

Zofunika! Magaziniyi ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, mitundu ya Siebold siyigawidwe koyambirira kwamasika ndi nthawi yophukira. Izi ndichifukwa choti amadzuka pambuyo pake ndipo pofika Ogasiti 15 masamba ake amakhala atafa kale. Pinki Primrose imamasula m'mwezi woyamba wa masika, koma masamba sanatulutsidwe. Poganizira izi, imagawidwa pokhapokha ma rosettes akapangidwa.

Kuphatikiza pa zitsanzo zomwe zaperekedwa, palinso zikhalidwe zina za kuswana kwa mitundu.

Maluwa ndikusiya pambuyo pake

Chikhalidwe chachikulu cha chomerachi ndendende magawo a maluwa. Dzinalo limadziyankhulira lokha - chomeracho chimamasula kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa masika... Primula ndi liwu lachilatini lomwe limatanthauza "woyamba" mukutanthauzira, ndipo izi ndizoyenera, chifukwa ambiri mwa iwo amadzutsa moyo pambuyo pa dzinja lozizira. Mitundu yambiri imayamba kuphulika kumapeto kwa Epulo - koyambirira kwa Meyi, ina pakati pa Meyi, ndipo pali omwe amapereka mtundu woyamba pachimake komanso kumapeto kwa chilimwe.

Maluwa owala amasonkhanitsidwa m'matumba a inflorescence molingana ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana: ambulera, candelabra, khushoni, tiered, capitate ndi belu. Ichi ndiye gawo lalikulu pakusiyanitsa mitundu ndi mitundu. Maluwa amabwera mosiyanasiyana - bulauni, chibakuwa, buluu, choyera, chikasu, ndi mbali zochititsa chidwi m'mphepete mwa masambawo.

Maluwa atatha, gawo la primrose limatha kuuma, koma osati nthawi zonse, zimadalira mitundu. Ndikofunika kumasula nthaka pochotsa namsongole. Chepetsani kuthirira.

Primrose biorhythms akuphatikizidwa m'njira yatsopano ndipo chomeracho, kusiya kuphuka, chimayamba kupanga masamba... Chofunikira ndikuteteza rosette mpaka nthawi yophukira, chifukwa masambawo amateteza chomeracho kuzizira.

Mitundu yosazizira yozizira imatsalira m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo ma hybrids amachotsedwa m'nyumba.

Ma primroses osagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu amawaza kansalu kakang'ono ka humus ndikuphimbidwa ndi nthambi zosanjikiza za spruce. M'madera ofunda ndi chipale chofewa, chomeracho sichingaphimbidwe. Masika, ngakhale usanasungunuke kwathunthu, ndikofunikira kuwononga kutumphuka kwa madzi oundana kuti asatuluke, ndikumasula Primrose m'masamba owuma. Kudulira masamba nthawi yophukira kudzawononga kukongola kwa duwa, kufooketsa maluwa, ndikupera mawonekedwe. Tsopano mukudziwa choti muchite mbewu zikamera.

Takambirana za kukonzekera kwa nyengo yoyamba m'nyengo yozizira mwatsatanetsatane pano, ndipo kuchokera pazomwezi muphunzira za malamulo opatsirana ndikusamalira chomera nthawi yophukira.

Kubereka

M'chigawo chino, tikuwonetsani momwe mungafalitsire duwa. Muphunzira za kufalikira kwa masamba ndi magawidwe amtchire.

Mwa kudula

Amapangidwa mu Ogasiti kapena koyambirira kwa Seputembala kuti akonzenso mphamvu ndikupeza zinthu zoswana.

1. Madzi ochuluka.
2. Pakadutsa maola ochepa, chomeracho chimakumbidwa.
3. Mizu imatsukidwa mosamala mu beseni kapena mu chidebe.
4. Dulani magawo kuti aliyense akhale ndi gawo limodzi lokula.
5. Mabala amathandizidwa ndi ufa wa phulusa.
6. Zobzalidwa, kuzama mwa 3-4 masentimita ndikuthirira.

Kuwombera kwa axillary

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mizu yofooka, komanso ngati pali malo amodzi okha.

Tsamba, limodzi ndi gawo la petiole, mphukira ndi chidutswa cha mphukira, zimadulidwa ndikuzika mu gawo lapansi. Chipepala chadulidwacho chidachepetsedwa musanachotse mtunduwokudula. Masambawo akaphuka ndi masamba anayi, amabzalidwa m'miphika yosiyana, ndikuyika malo otseguka mchaka.

Malangizo! Kuyika mizu kumachitika motere: kutentha kumakhalabe pa + 16-18 ºC, kusungunula nthaka nthawi zonse ndikuwunikira bwino, koma kopanda cheza.

Njira zina

• Delenka imatha kulumikizidwa popanda kusokoneza chomera chonsecho, koma kungokumba ndi kulekanitsa ndi rhizome kuchokera mbali imodzi yabwino.
• Ndizotheka osaphatikiza kuphatikizira ndi kuswana, koma kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizira. Ndikofunika kudula Primrose mu Meyi kapena Juni. Pachifukwa ichi, tsamba lokhala ndi petiole limadulidwa ndikuzika mu wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera mumtsuko kapena thumba. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati mtundu wamakutu oyambira.
• Pali mwayi wokometsa impso za apical, zomwe zingayambitse kudzuka kwamphamvu kwa masamba ofananira nawo, ndipo primrose ipereka zocheka zochuluka.

Matenda omwe angakhalepo ndi chithandizo chawo

Primrose ndiosagonjetsedwa ndimatenda, komabe pali mavuto... Nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhupakupa, weevils, utitiri, slugs ndi nematodes kuvulaza mbewu.Primroses ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda monga powdery mildew, fungus ramularia cercosporella, zowola, dzimbiri, mabakiteriya owonera komanso anthracnose.

Nthawi yovuta kwambiri pankhaniyi ndi kuyambira pakati pa Marichi mpaka Juni kuphatikiza. Masamba amayamba kutaya mawonekedwe, kutembenukira bulauni, kutumbululuka, kutembenukira chikasu, ndipo ndikukula kwa zowononga zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, chomeracho chimatha kufa. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, amafunika kumasula Primrose m'masamba ndi zimayambira, kuti athane ndi "zilonda" ndi fungicides. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kupopera ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena mkuwa oxychloride mu yankho, musanadye maluwa komanso kumapeto.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kazithunzi

Mitundu yowala komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tchire imapangitsa kuti izi zizimveka osati pakukongoletsa nyumba, komanso pakupanga mawonekedwe. Chomera chosadzichepetsachi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pokongoletsa munda. Chifukwa cha zodziwika bwino za chomeracho, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumpoto kwa malowa. Kuti akwaniritse zokongoletsa, zipatso zoyambirira zimabzalidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti apange mzere umodzi wobiriwira, wozungulira kapena mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. Primrose amathanso kulimidwa mumiphika yakunja yokongola, Kusintha kapangidwe molingana ndi malingaliro.

Zopindulitsa

• Chomera chonse, mizu, maluwa ndi zimayambira - mumakhala mchere wambiri wa manganese.
• Mizu ndi gwero la saponins, mafuta ofunikira ndi ma glycosides.
• Gawo lobiriwira komanso maluwa amakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, makamaka vitamini C.
• Masambawo amawonjezeredwa ku supu ndi saladi, kuti aziwotcha. Mulinso carotene.
• Mizu imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza mbale zatsopano komanso za ufa wouma.
• Msuzi uli ndi katundu wa expectorant, umathandizira kuchiza matenda am'mapapo.
• Kulowetsedwa kumakonzedwa kuchokera kumizu, ndipo decoction imapangidwa kuchokera pansi.
• Primrose amachepetsa ululu, amachita ngati okodzetsa, amathandizira mutu, kusowa tulo komanso neuroses.
• Chomeracho chimaphatikizidwanso m'makonzedwe azitsamba osiyanasiyana.

Zofunika! Mwa zotsutsana, kusalolera kokha ndi pakati.

Njira yosavuta yofalitsira Primrose ndikugawa chitsamba, koma ngati kuli kotheka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njere. Werengani za momwe mungachitire apa.

Wopanda ulemu, wofatsa, komanso nthawi yomweyo Chomera cholimba, osati chokongoletsera munda ndi nyumba, komanso mchiritsi wachikondi, Kupulumutsa ku matenda ndi chisoni, moolowa manja ndikupereka chithumwa ndi chisangalalo. Kungoyang'aniridwa pang'ono komanso kulipiritsa vivacity ndi thanzi kudzaperekedwa.

Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mungagawire primrose ndi liti.

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