Kukongola modzichepetsa Wamaliseche begonia: momwe mungasamalire chomera ichi?

Wamaliseche begonia ndiye wodzichepetsapo kwambiri mwa alongo ake ambiri okokomeza, onyada, okongola. Koma mkazi wamanyaziyu amawoneka bwino bwanji m'minda ndi m'mapaki, ku dachas ndi nyumba zam'midzi, zokongoletsa verandas, gazebos, makonde, maluwa okongoletsera komanso mabedi amaluwa.

Tidzakambirana za mawonekedwe a duwa ili, kubzala malamulo, kulisamalira komanso zovuta zomwe zingachitike munkhani yathu. Zithandizanso kuwonera kanema wosangalatsa pamutuwu.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Zitsamba zachilendozi zakhala ndi mbiri yakalekale. Begonia adatchulidwanso polemekeza Kazembe wa Haiti Begon m'zaka za zana la 18... Michel Begon adadzetsa dzina lake chifukwa chakukonda kwake zachilengedwe zosowa zambiri. Amadziwika kuti adakonza ulendowu motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wazofufuza Charles Plumier kuti akaphunzire ndikupeza maluwa ku West Indies. Panali pomwepo pomwe maluwa awa, osadziwika mpaka nthawi imeneyo padziko lapansi, adapezeka, atapatsidwa dzina la woyang'anira wamkulu wa Haiti.

Begonia imadziwika kwambiri kumadera otentha ndi madera otentha a America, Southeast Africa, imakula pachilumba cha Socotra ndi Madagascar, Antilles. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yopitilira chikwi ya begonias, ndipo ndi mitundu ingati ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe idabadwa, sichingathe kuwerengedwa.

Nthumwi yokongola iyi imagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Zovuta begonia, ilibe tsinde, ndipo masamba ovuta kumiyendo yamiyendo imamera molunjika kuchokera kumzuwo. Nthawi zambiri mfumukazi yotereyi imakhala pama loggias, pazenera.
• Shrub begonia, amatchedwa coral, wofiira, wamaluwa nthawi zonse. Zakezi ndizomwe zimayambira, zimawoneka ngati zili ndi mawondo amiyendo, pang'ono ngati tsinde la nsungwi, kokha mwa kope lochepetsedwa. Mkazi wopanda nzeru uyu samakondanso dimba, koma akumva bwino pamalo otsekedwa, amakhala ndi mizu bwino ndikumva kunyumba.
• Tuberous begonia, moyenerera akhoza kukhala mbuye wa madacha ndi ziwembu zapakhomo. Kuyambira pachiyambi cha chilimwe mpaka nthawi yophukira, duwa lokongola limachita maluwa. Koma pali chinthu chimodzi chodziwika - sichimalola dzuwa ndi mphepo.

Maonekedwe

CHENJEZO: Zonsezi, begonia ili ndi mitundu 900 yamitundu ndi mitundu! Chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi begonia wamaliseche. Sizodabwitsa kuti begonia wopanda dzina adatchulidwa: duwa ili ndi zokolola zazitali, zimawoneka ngati zikuyenda pamitengo yothandizira, nthawi zina zimayambira mpaka mita inayi.

Masamba a begonia amaliseche ndi aatali (mpaka 9 cm), otambalala (pafupifupi masentimita 7), owoneka ngati dzira - yosalala, yowala, yolunjika chakumtunda komanso mosabisa m'munsi. Zoyeserera zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zazifupi, zosapitilira 2 cm. Masamba amakula mu ndege yomweyo, mbali imodzi ndi mbali ina ya tsinde.

Maluwa a Begonia amaliseche oyera, ang'onoang'ono, amatoleredwa m'magulu achilendo - inflorescences... Amakongoletsa, ngati monisto yoyera kapena yoyera-pinki, mapiri amiyala, makungwa amitengo okutidwa ndi moss. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, maluwa amphongo ali ndi masamba anayi, ndipo maluwa achikazi ali ndi 5.

M'dera lathu, begonia ndi wodzichepetsa, wosinthika mosavuta, amasinthasintha malo okhala ndi nyengo yakomweko. Begonia amakonda kukhazikika penapake m'ming'alu ya miyala kapena pamitengo yakale, mizu. Chinthu chachikulu ndi malo otetezedwa, nkhalango zamvula zokhala ndi chinyezi. Begonia sangapirire padzuwa lotentha.

Kumene ndi kubzala?

Wosavulaza begonia ndi chomera chokwanira, chimabzalidwa m'zipinda komanso m'malo obiriwira... Ndi bwino kuziyika chaka chilichonse, ngati njira yomaliza, pakatha chaka, nthawi zonse mchaka. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga muzu wa mpira pochita izi. Nthawi zambiri maluwa amtundu wa begonia amawanditsidwira kumtunda, koma osaya, chifukwa muzu wa begonia uli pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka.

Malamulo ndi maupangiri

Ndi bwino kubzala mbande m'nthaka koyambirira kwa June:

1. Musanabzala, masiku 6-7, muyenera kuumitsa mbande. Begonia imayikidwa mchipinda chowala. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwona kayendedwe ka kutentha: + 23 ... + 27 ° С masana, usiku kutentha kumatsikira ku + 15 ° С.
2. Ndi bwino kuyika zitsimezo pamtunda wa masentimita 20-35 wina ndi mnzake. Ndipo ngati begonias amabzalidwa m'miphika yamaluwa ndi zotengera, ndiye kuti masentimita 10 pakati pa mabowo ndi okwanira.
3. Kuzama kwa dzenje lodzala kumadalira kukula kwa mmera.
4. Samalani, ganizirani za kuchepa ndi kusalimba kwa tsinde.
5. Kumbukirani kufumbi pansi pa tsinde ndi nthaka.
6. Musanabzala, "dyetsani" mosamala nthaka ndi potaziyamu - phosphorous feteleza.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Musanakhazikitse kukongola kwathu kosalimba m'dera lanu, muyenera kukumbukira kuti begonia amakonda mthunzi, kuwala kwa dzuwa ndikotsutsana nako.

Zofunika panthaka

Tender begonia imamva bwino m'nthaka yachonde yokha, zomwe zimaphatikizapo nthaka yamasamba, peat, humus ndi mchenga. Mutabzala, nthawi zambiri nthaka imakonkhedwa ndi humus kapena phulusa. Phimbani mbande usiku, makamaka ngati usiku kukuzizira. Nthawi zina, kuti agulitse, amagula gawo lokonzekera lopangidwa ndi peat ndi perlite.

Chisamaliro

Ndi bwino kumangirira phesi lofookalo la begonia kuti lisasweke.

Mbande zimadyetsedwa kawiri pamwezi ndi sodium humate, feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri kapena feteleza wa phosphorous. Pamene begonia ikukula, mutha kuyidyetsa ndi feteleza amchere kamodzi pamwezi. Ena mwa madera akumatawuni amathira manyowa a begonia ndi manyowa. Chofunikira apa ndikuwona kuchuluka kwa 1:10, apo ayi mutha kuwononga chomeracho.

Ndipo kugwa, simukuyenera kuthira dothi konse. Apa, ntchito yayikulu ndikuthirira yunifolomu, yomwe imafunikira chinyezi. Kuthirira begonia makamaka m'mawa kapena madzulo... Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda.

Simungathe kuthirira begonia masana, mutha kutentha masamba, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwa. Ndipo ngati mumathirira begonia mukutentha, ndiye kuti mutha kuwononga mizu yonse.

M'dzinja ndi dzinja, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa begonia kuchokera ku inflorescence yakale, masamba... Beonia wopanda pake, pokhala mnyumbamo, amafunikira mpweya wabwino pafupipafupi. Ndipo begonia nayenso sakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa; kuti moisten mpweya, madzi amatsanulira poto wosiyana.

CHOFUNIKA: Kuthirira kumakhala kotentha nthawi yachilimwe komanso kosapitirira nthawi yophukira ndi nyengo yozizira. Begonia amakonzekera kupumula, gawo lamlengalenga limauma, limachotsedwa, ndipo maluwawo amatsimikizika pamalo ouma, ozizira kwa miyezi 2-3. Kutentha kwamitundu - 10 - 12 ° C. Itha kuchepetsedwa nthawi zina.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

• Ngati mutapitirira ndi chinyezi ndi kuthirira, ndiye kuti begonia idzadwala, matenda opatsirana a imvi adzawonekera. Samalani makamaka m'nyengo yozizira.
• Ngati chipinda chili chotentha, nkhupakupa ikhoza kuyamba.
• Mukapeza nkhungu m'mabokosi omwe muli mbewu za begonia, muyenera kuwaza ndi mng'oma wosweka. Osapukuta nkhungu.
• Nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nthata ndi tizilombo tofala kwambiri.
• Kumbukirani! Begonia iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi mvula.
• Powdery mildew, matenda a fungal amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa zimayambira, masamba, mizu. Pewani kuthirira mopitirira muyeso komanso madzi asafike pamasamba.

Zoswana

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti Maliseche begonia amafalikira mosavuta ndikudula timitengo todulira m'madzi ndi m'nthaka... Gawoli liyenera kukhala lofanana ndi peat, mchenga ndi sphagnum moss, kapena kuphatikiza kwa perlite ndi peat kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, amathanso kuzika mu perlite yoyera.

Amadziwika kuti begonias amafalikira ndi tsinde ndi masamba odulira, pogawa tubers ndi chitsamba.

Tubers

1. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, pomwe gawo lakumtunda la begonia lidzauma, limachotsedwa.
2. Mitengoyi imakumbidwa, kutsukidwa, kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mankhwala ofooka a manganese kapena fungicide. Sungani mubokosi lamatabwa ndi mchenga kapena peat youma. Ndikofunika kuyiyika m'chipinda chotseka chotentha + 5 ... + 7 ° С.
3. Pakatikati mwa mwezi wa March, tubers imayamba kumera, imakanikizidwa m'nthaka ndi theka la tuber. Nthaka iyenera kuthirira manyowa pasadakhale mofanana ndi kubzala. Gawo lapansi la kumera kwa begonia limakhala ndi humus, peat, nthaka yamasamba, mchenga.
4. Mbande zophuka zimayikidwa pamalo owala, owumitsidwa, osakanizidwa pang'ono, kenako zimabzalidwa panja.

Onani vidiyo yodzala tubonia begonia:

Mbewu

Palinso njira ina yofalitsira begonias - ndi mbewu., koma ndi nthawi yambiri komanso yovuta:

1. Kufesa kumayamba mu Disembala. Gawo lapansi limagwiritsidwanso ntchito chimodzimodzi pophukira tubers. Mbewu zimagawidwa m'mabokosi, osaziphwanya ndi manja anu. Sikofunikira kuti muwaza mbewu ndi dziko lapansi.
2. Kuphukira kumayembekezeredwa pafupifupi milungu itatu. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiphimbe mabokosiwo ndi galasi mbeu ikamamera, koma galasi liyenera kutsegulidwa pafupipafupi kuti lisavundike kwambiri.
3. Kenako mbewuzo zimatsanulidwa katatu, zikamakula, ndipo pokhapokha zimayikidwa mumiphika yaying'ono kuti zipse. Begonia akukonzekera kumtunda.

Mapeto

Wamaliseche begonia ndi wosalimba komanso wopanda tanthauzo, umafunikira chidwi chochulukirapo komanso ulemu. Koma momwe amatikondera ndi maluwa ake osakhwima ndi mphukira zanthambi, momwe amakongoletsera mwaluso ngakhale nyumba zokongola kwambiri, kupereka chisangalalo, mtendere, mtendere.

Onerani kanemayo: Achisilamu akupempha boma kuti awaloreze atsikana achisilamu azivala HIJAB kusukulu (July 2024).