Mlendo wochokera ku Africa New Guinea basamu - mawonekedwe a chisamaliro ndi kubereka

Mafuta a basamu ali m'gulu la mafuta a basamu, omwe ali ndi mitundu yoposa 500 Padziko Lapansi. Ndi chomera cha pachaka komanso chosatha. Dzinalo "touchy" adalipeza chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kwachilendo, mukakhudza, ma capsules amaphulika ndikumwaza mbewu.

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira za mitundu ya New Guinea, dziwani momwe mungasamalire maluwa. Muwerengenso za matenda ndi tizirombo tomwe timamera komanso momwe maluwawa amabalira.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakunyamula

Mafuta a New Guinea anachokera ku Africa. Adagawana nawo mu 1972. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa makonde, mawindo ndi loggias. Mmodzi mwa mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri yomwe yatchuka ku Russia. Basamu ndi chomera chodzichepetsa, koma muyenera kusamalira duwa molondola, popeza m'malo osavomerezeka chomeracho sichimaphuka, koma nthawi zina chimamwalira chonse.

Chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa, tili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso maluwa osalekeza. Mafuta a basamu ndi chomera chokhala ndi maluwa okongola komanso masamba okongoletsera. Imakula osapitirira masentimita 40-50, imakhala ndi zimayambira. Masamba osongoka okhala ndi mapiri osongoka ndichikhalidwe cha mitunduyo.

Malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana, masambawo akhoza kukhala ndi mthunzi wosiyana. Kawirikawiri maluwa amakhala ofiira. Mtundu wa basamu umasiyana ndi ena okhala ndi tsinde lolimba, kupezeka kwa chitsamba chokwanira, maluwa akulu ndi masamba. M'munda, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa madengu, ngati malo owala komanso okongola a zomera amakopa diso.

Ichi ndi chomera cholimba chomwe sichifuna kusamalidwa mosamala, chifukwa chake kwa funso "ndizotheka kubzala m'munda", yankho ndi inde. Ndipo, nthawi zambiri, mafuta a basamu a New Guinea amakula mchipindacho, chifukwa ndi pano pomwe azikusangalatsani ndi maluwa chaka chonse.

Malamulo osamalira kunyumba

Pakukula bwino kwa basamu wake, wamaluwa amayenera kuyipatsa chinyezi komanso kuyatsa mthunzi pang'ono. Maluwa omwewo amakonda dzuwa, koma kuwerengetsa komweku kumawoneka ndikuwala pang'ono, koma simuyenera kusamutsa basamu mumthunzi kwathunthu, izi zitha kubweretsa kufa kwa chomeracho.

Kutentha kumasiyana nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka. M'chilimwe ndi masika, kutentha koyenera kumakhala madigiri 25 Celsius, kutentha uku kuyenera kukhala munthawi yomweyo ndi chinyezi chabwino cha gawo lapansi ndikukhalapo koyenera kwa mpweya wabwino.

M'nyengo yotentha, zitsambazi zimatha kutengedwa kupita panja. Ngati duwa limakhalabe kunyumba, liyenera kuthiriridwa mokwanira. Kuthirira kumachitika m'mphepete mwa mphika kuti chinyezi chisalowe muzitsulo. Pambuyo kuthirira, madzi ochulukirapo amatsanulidwa pachimake. Madziwo ayenera kukhala ofewa, chifukwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito madzi olimba, pamakhala chovala choyera pamtunda, chomwe chimakhala chisonyezo cha alkali wambiri m'nthaka. Ngati zikuwonekera, pamwamba pake pamalowedwa m'malo.

CHOFUNIKA! Kuthirira kawirikawiri kumatha kubweretsa kukula pakukula kwa basamu, komwe kumabweretsa maluwa.

Nthawi ndi nthawi kumafunika kumasula nthaka, koma osapitilira masentimita awiri kuya, komanso musaiwale kudyetsa ndi feteleza mchilimwe ndi masika. Nthawi zambiri umuna umachitika kamodzi pamasabata awiri. Komanso, mafuta a basamu alibe "nthawi yabata", choncho masamba amatha kuwonekera ngakhale nthawi yozizira, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupanga chakudya chofooka.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Chomerachi sichikufuna kuwala. Ndi bwino kusankha malo kutali ndi dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kupanga kuyatsa komwe kulibe. Kupanda kuwala kudzawononga chomeracho. Maonekedwe a chitsamba amasintha, mphukira imatha kutambasuka. Mukawala kwambiri, mafuta a basamu amapanga kachilombo kokhala ndi maluwa okongola.

Zofunikira zapansi

New Guinea Balsamu amakonda nthaka yotayirira yomwe imalola mpweya kudutsa. Pofuna kuti madzi asayende pansi pamphika, ngalande zizichitidwa. Nthaka itha kugulidwa m'masitolo, komanso kupanga nokha.

Chithunzi

Pansipa mutha kuwona chithunzi cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya basamu wa New Guinea, kuphatikiza Devine.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Nthawi zambiri, chomeracho chimakhudzidwa ndi akangaude. Kuti muteteze chomeracho kwa iwo, m'pofunika kupopera madzi nthawi zonse ndikuyika timadzi ndi timiyala kapena kuwathira mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zomera zimatha kupatsanso ntchentche zoyera, chizindikiro cha ichi ndikutulutsa ntchentche zoyera kukhudza. Madzi a sopo athandiza kuthana ndi vutoli.

Ndi kuvunda kwa mizu, ziwalo zomwe zakhudzidwa zimadulidwa. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, chifukwa cha matendawa chimalumikizidwa ndi chisamaliro chabwinobwino kapena kupezeka kwathunthu. Ndi zowola, pachimake choyera chimawoneka pa mphukira. Matendawa sangachiritsidwe mwanjira iliyonse, koma mutha kuyimitsa .. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudula ziwalo zonse zowononga ndikuchiza ndi fungicides.

Ngati mbewuzo sizilandira chinyezi, masamba amayamba kufota. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kutsitsa basamu mumtsuko wamadzi kwa theka la ola.

Mavuto akulu ndi awa:

1. Masamba akugwa. Zimapezeka pakakhala kuti palibe madzi okwanira kapena kutentha pang'ono.
2. Zimayambira. Zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kapena kuyatsa kosakwanira.
3. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zimachitika chifukwa chosowa mpweya wabwino komanso chinyezi chokwanira.
4. Mabasiketi akugwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa kuwala, kutentha kwambiri, komanso kusowa madzi m'nthaka. Madontho a kutentha saloledwa.
5. Kugwa masamba kapena kupindika. Kuchepetsa chinyezi ndikupereka kutentha.
6. Masamba otuwa. Zimachitika nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira chifukwa chosowa kuwala.

Kubereka ndi kubzala

Mafuta a basamu ali ndi njira ziwiri zazikulu zoberekera, tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane.

Zodula

Imeneyi ndi njira yofala kwambiri yofalitsira mafuta a basamu. Kuvuta konse kwa njirayi kumagona pakusunga mosamalitsa zinthu zonse, chifukwa chomeracho sichidzangokhala mizu mtsogolo, komanso kuwonetsetsa kukula bwino. Izi ndiye mfundo za njirayi.

Tchulani! Ndikofunikira kulabadira mtundu ndi zaka za tsinde la amayi.

Zodula zimasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde la amayi pokhapokha kudulako komwe kwayamba.

Pofuna kulimbikitsa kukula kwa cuttings, tsinde la amayi limadulidwa. Kukula kwa cuttings, komanso mtundu wawo, kumadalira pafupipafupi kudula tsinde la amayi. Mapangidwe a mizu mu cuttings ndi chisonyezo chachindunji cha kufunitsitsa kwa izi zomwe zidulidwa.

Kukhoza kokha kwa cuttings kuzika kumatha kusintha chaka chonse, ndiye kuti, sichikhazikika. Njira zodulira zimayamba bwino pakati pa chilimwe. Kwa nthawi mpaka nthawi yophukira, m'pofunika kusunga cuttings. Zidutswa zolimba ziyenera kusiya kumapeto kwa chilimwe.

Pakudula kwabwino kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuwunika kutentha ndi chinyezi. Kutentha kumakhudza kwambiri kukula kwa mizu. Mukamazika mizu ya cuttings, kutentha koyenera kumawonedwa ngati 21 degrees Celsius, koma kutentha kwamlengalenga kuyenera kutsika.

Mbewu

Pakukula kwambiri komanso mwachangu kwambiri, ndikofunikira kubzala mbewu m'mapiritsi a peat, kuyika chimodzi pachitsime chilichonse. Mbewuyo iyenera kuikidwa pamwamba, chifukwa basamu amakonda kwambiri dzuwa.

Pambuyo kumera, zonse ziyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi mabowo. bokosi pankhaniyi limagwira ngati wowonjezera kutentha. Kuphatikiza apo, kumuika kuyenera kuchitidwa masamba a 2-3 atawonekera, kumuika kuyenera kuchitidwa m'nthaka yolimba, yothira bwino. Pambuyo pomera mbande zonse, m'pofunika kukhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu.

Tchulani! Ngati chomeracho chikamera kwambiri, ziyenera kupatulidwa. Kuthirira mbewu mtsogolomu kuyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti zisawonongeke.

Mitunduyi ndi chomera chosasunthika komanso chosagonjetsedwa, koma mosamala, imatha kuyamba kufota kapena kufa kumene, kutaya kukongola kwake. Pofuna kupewa izi, malamulo angapo osamalitsa ayenera kutsatiridwa. Ndiye basamu amasangalatsa diso kwanthawi yayitali.

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