Ndi makabati otani a vinyo omwe alipo, kuwunikira mwachidule

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Kwazaka khumi zapitazi, chikhalidwe chakumwa vinyo chimayambiranso kufalikira pambuyo pa Soviet Union. Kuchulukirachulukira, anthu sakuganizira zakugwiritsa ntchito vinyo kokha, komanso za kusungidwa koyenera. Ndicho chifukwa chake kabati ya vinyo ikutha pang'onopang'ono kuti iwoneke ngati yosowa: amagulidwa, amapangidwa kuti aziyitanitsa, ndipo amisiri ena amawapanga ndi manja awo. Zojambula zotere zimatha kukhala zokongoletsa zenizeni zanyumba yanyumba kapena kunyadira kwa eni nyumba.

Zojambulajambula

Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu yamapangidwe amabotolo a vinyo: ogwiritsira ntchito mafakitale ndi nyumba. Kabati ya vinyo munyumba iyenera kukhala yosavuta komanso yaying'ono momwe mungathere, koma mukwaniritse zofunikira zonse. Chifukwa chake, kuti mugwiritse ntchito kunyumba, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule masitolo okhala ndi mashelufu opendekera.

Kabati ya vinyo yodyera iyenera kukhala ndi malingaliro abwino. Poterepa, nyumba zopachika pamtanda kapena mashelufu opendekera zimagwira ntchito bwino. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe achikhalidwe, kupanga mawonekedwe akupezeka mu winery kapena m'chipinda chosungira.

Anthu opanga luso omwe amadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito chidacho amatha kupanga kabati yosungira vinyo kunyumba ndi manja awo. Ngati mupanga choletsa pamabotolo pashelefu yapa sideboard kapena sideboard, ikani pamalo oyenera kutentha kwa vinyo, mupeza kabati yabwino kwambiri yanyumba. Kuchepetsa kwake kumapangidwa ndi zingwe za beech, kukula kwa 20 * 10 mm. Ayenera kupatsidwa mphamvu ndi banga la nkhuni kuti nkhuni zisawonongeke, kenako pentani ndi utoto wofunidwa ndi varnish. Ma slats amalumikizidwa pashelefu, ndikubwerera m'mphepete pang'ono.

Makomo osungira vinyo ayenera kukhala amdima, kunja kwa dzuwa. Mukuwala, vinyo amawonongeka, chinthu china chimagwera pansi pa botolo. Mu mitundu ina, kupezeka kwa matope siachilendo, muyenera kulabadira izi mukamagula.

Malo osungira mabotolo a vinyo ayenera kukhala okhazikika kuti awonetsetse chitetezo chawo. Vinyo sayenera kugudubuka momasuka, kuguluka chitseko chikatsegulidwa, chifukwa chake, makabati osaya kapena makabati sali oyenera kupanga chopangira vinyo ndi manja anu. Botolo liyenera kukhala lokwanira kumapeto kwake, chitseko chiyenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu.

M'chipinda chapansi chodyera chabwino kapena chodyera, vinyo amasungidwa m'malo otseguka - m'mashelefu kapena pama grate. M'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa anthu, kapena ndi dzuwa, vinyo amasungidwa m'malo osungidwa. Izi zimathandiza kusunga kukoma kwa vinyo ndikupewa kuwonongeka.

Sikovuta kupanga cellar ndi manja anu kuchokera kuchipinda chosungira chanyumba yayitali kapena chipinda chosungira nyumba. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mapaipi oyikira:

mapaipi amadulidwa mu zidutswa za kutalika kofunikira;
mbali zake zimamatira palimodzi ndi mfuti ya guluu;
m'mbali mwa mapaipi amakonzedwa ndi sandpaper yolembedwa 0, bala kuzungulira chala cholozera. Ndikofunika kuti musawononge kapena kukanda mapaipi mukamakonza.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti alumali yayikulu kwambiri ya kapangidwe kameneka nthawi zonse imasiyidwa yopanda kanthu, apo ayi vinyo pa iyo angawonongeke. Zojambula zofananira ndizosavuta kupanga kuchokera kuzinthu zina:

nyumba zomangira zamagetsi;
mapaipi dongo;
mapaipi okwanira.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ziwalozo ziyenera kukhala zogwirizana wina ndi mnzake, kugwiritsitsa. Mkati mwake mumakhala chinyezi chokwanira - kuyambira 55 mpaka 80%. Ndikuchepa kwa chizindikirocho, the cork shrink, air goes in, the wine is oxidized. Ngati chinyezi chikupitilira, chombocho chimakhala choumbika, kuwonongeka, ndipo chakumwacho chimasintha kukoma kwake. Chipinda cha botolo chimayenera kukhala chopanda fungo. Vinyo amatengera kununkhira kwakunja kudzera mu kork, kukoma kwa zakumwa kumasintha.

Mitundu

Zipangizo zosungira zakumwa zabwino zimasiyana osati mawonekedwe okha, komanso mawonekedwe. Kusiyana kwakukulu padziko lonse lapansi ndi kupezeka kwa magawo angapo otentha. Izi ndizofunikira kuti nthawi yomweyo musunge mitundu ingapo ya vinyo.

Mafiriji ozizira a vinyo amatha kusankhidwa malinga ndi izi:

kutentha - pali chimodzi, ziwiri, zitatu-kutentha, komanso mitundu yazitentso m'makabati otentha a vinyo;
ndi mtundu wozizira - pali mitundu iwiri yozizira, kuphatikiza kompresa komanso yopanda compressor;
ndi mashelufu - mashelufu amkati amatha kupangidwa ndi matabwa, pulasitiki kapena chitsulo;
kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu - pali magulu A, A +, A ++, B, C, D;
loko - nyumba, ngati kuli koyenera, kukhala ndi loko;
Alamu - ntchitoyi ikuthandizani kudziwa nthawi yomweyo kuchepa kwa kutentha;
malinga ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito - pali magulu anayi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti athe kudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kapangidwe ka nyengo. Makalasi awa ndi awa: N - yachibadwa, SN - yachilendo, ST - kotentha, T - kotentha.

Kwa okonda vinyo wofiira kuti agwiritse ntchito kunyumba, mawonekedwe otentha amodzi ndiabwino, mtengo wawo ndi wotsika kwambiri. Opanga vinyo woyera amayenera kuwononga ndalama pamakabineti a vinyo azigawo ziwiri, chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana.

Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, malinga ndi izi, nyumbazi zidagawika m'magulu: A, A +, A ++, B, C, D.

Zosungidwa zimapangidwa ndi chitseko chimodzi kapena ziwiri, kutengera mtundu. Ngati kutentha mu kabati ya vinyo ndikofanana m'mashelefu onse, ndizomveka kugula kapangidwe ndi khomo limodzi. Pakasungidwe kamodzi ka vinyo wofiira ndi woyera, kabati yokhayokha yazitseko ziwiri ndiyo yoyenera, kotero kuti malo amodzi akatsegulidwa, kutentha kosungika mkati mwina kumasungidwa.

Malinga ndi mwayi woyika dongosolo, pakhoza kukhala:

kuyimilira;
ophatikizidwa.

Omangidwa mkati

Kuyimirira padera

Zomalizazi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwira kuyitanitsa kapena kubwera kwathunthu ndi mipando yaukadaulo. Nthawi zambiri, mabotolo 18-20 a zakumwa zoledzeretsa amatha kuikidwa munyengo yotere popanda vuto lililonse. Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, ndizotheka kupeza mipando yomwe imatha kukhala ndi mabotolo 200 kapena kupitilira apo.

Firiji ya pakona ndi kabati ya vinyo zili ndi ma compressor kuti kutentha kuzikhala kofunika. Ngati njirayi ikuwoneka ngati yaphokoso, pali makabati opanda compressor. Mtundu uwu wa kabichi wa firiji utakhazikika malinga ndi mfundo ya Peltier.

Palinso mitundu yosakhala yovomerezeka yomwe imayimira firiji wamba yokhala ndi kapangidwe kake kosungira vinyo. Sizachilendo kuti mtundu wamagalimoto uzikhala ndi batire. Mtunduwu umatha kukhala ndi mabotolo 6 wamba.

Zida zopangira

Zipangizo zambiri zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga vinyo, koma makabati amitengo yamatabwa akhala otchuka kwambiri kwazaka zambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuti vinyo azipuma. Kabineti yavinyo yolimba sikungokongoletsa nyumba iliyonse, koma imapatsa vinyo zinthu zoyandikira kwambiri momwe vinyo amasungidwira kuyambira pomwe amapanga vinyo.

Ubwino wazinthu izi ndi monga kudzikonza nokha makabati amitengo yavinyo, zomwe ndizosatheka popanga pulasitiki kapena chitsulo. Kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chosungira vinyo chamagawo awiri kumafunikira kutsata kutentha m'chipindacho, kuyenera kuyikidwa mchipinda chokhazikitsidwa.

Kusungira chakumwa mu cafe kapena nyumba, firiji ya vinyo ndi yoyenera. Zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo komanso pulasitiki wapamwamba kwambiri. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muziwongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi mkati, mosasamala kanthu zakunja.

Tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi dongo popanga zosungira vinyo ndi manja anu. Zinthu zachilengedwezi zimatha kutentha komanso kutentha. Mapaipi a ngalande ali ndi izi. Kukonza makabati a vinyo kuchokera ku zinthuzi ndizosatheka, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha chomwe chingakhale bala kuchokera.

Zitsekozo ndizopangidwa ndi galasi losalala lomwe limateteza chakumwa ku cheza cha UV. Izi zimalepheretsa vinyo kusungunuka komanso kusungunuka. Zosefera zamakala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa mpweya m'machitidwe osindikizidwa. Makinawa amakuthandizani kuchotsa zonunkhira zakunja, zomwe zimateteza vinyo pakusintha kwamachitidwe.

Mwachidule, titha kuwunikira zinthu zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mipando yotere:

chitsulo;
galasi mtima;
ma polima;
matabwa achilengedwe;
kuphatikiza zida zingapo.

Nthawi zambiri, pazinthu ngati izi, kuwunikira kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wosankha popanda kutsegula zitseko za izi.

Wood

Zitsulo

Galasi

Malamulo okhala mnyumba

Malo achikhalidwe osungira vinyo amawerengedwa kuti ndi chipinda chamdima, chozizira chinyezi chochepa. M'nyumba, chipinda chapansi kapena chosungira chimakwaniritsa zofunikira. Pakalibe chipinda chapadera, kabati ya vinyo ndi kachigawo kakang'ono kake, kophatikizana ndi khoma lozizira (mayendedwe kapena msewu), angachite. Zikhomo zokometsera zokometsera zokha zimakhala ngati malo osungira. Ngati samazizira m'nyengo yozizira, samatseguka nthawi yotentha chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri ndi kutentha, malowo ndi oyenera kusungira vinyo.

Ngati mulibe malo okhalamo omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira, ndi bwino kugula makabati ang'onoang'ono a vinyo. Ikhoza kuikidwa kulikonse, ili ndi kayendedwe ka kutentha. Mtundu wamtunduwu umatchedwa kabati yavinyo. Imeneyi itha kukhala kabati yapa vineti kapena tebulo la bar, lomwe limakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma tiyi ang'onoang'ono.

Ngati kabati ya vinyo ili ndi chitseko chagalasi popanda kufumbi kapena mdima wotetezera, imayikidwa m'malo amdima opanda dzuwa. Kupanda kutero, vinyoyo amathanso kusungunuka ndi kupindika.

Malo osungira vinyo amayenera kutetezedwa kuti asagwedezeke kapena kuyenda. Mothandizidwa ndi izi, vinyo weniweni amawonongeka, dothi limapezeka, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi makomedwe amasintha. Ndicho chifukwa chake pakuyika ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti kapangidwe kake ndi kolimba ndipo sikadodometsa ngakhale pang'ono.

Ngati njira yogwiritsira ntchito payokha yasankhidwa, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri imakhala njira yaying'ono yomwe imatha kukhazikitsidwa panjira kapena pansi patebulo. Ponena za njira yoyamba, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti zitseko zimatseguka momasuka ndipo sizisokoneza kuyenda. Komanso, musaiwale za mpweya wokwanira, apo ayi mayunitsi ena akhoza kuwonongeka ndipo mawonekedwe ake onse adzalephera.

Momwe mungasankhire

Muyenera kusankha njira yosungira zakumwa poganizira zomwe mumakonda, kuthekera kwachuma komanso kupezeka kwa malo oyenera kusungidwira. Ngati kukula kwa malo okhala kumakhala kochepa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa makabati a vinyo apakona. Kabati iyi ya vinyo ndi yopapatiza, imatenga malo ochepa, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala ilibe chitseko. Chifukwa chake, malo okhala ndiwotheka munthawi yomwe ikwaniritsa miyezo yosungira vinyo.

Popeza kuthekera kowona momwe zinthu zilili mchipindacho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwone bwino mitundu ya ma vinyo ndi makabati omwe ali pansi pa tebulo. Ali ndi kukula kocheperako komanso amatha kuwongolera microclimate posungira. Bokosi la vinyo patebulo lili ndi zomwezi.

Kusankha kosungira kumadalira chipinda chomwe chidzapezeke. Chotengera kapena kabati yamatabwa yamatabwa ndioyenera zipinda zapadera zosungira mabotolo. Nthawi zina zonse, ndi bwino kuyang'anitsitsa zinthu zamakono zamapulasitiki ndi zitsulo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kudzikonza nokha makabati a vinyo kumatheka pokhapokha ngati pali matabwa. Nthawi zina, mudzayenera kulumikizana ndi ntchitoyo.

Kusankha kosungira kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mowa womwe wakonzedwa kuti uikidwe mkati. Kugwiritsa ntchito kunyumba, okonda zakumwa zamtundu umodzi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kabati ya vinyo pamabotolo 8. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndalamazi siziphatikizidwa nthawi zonse. Mphamvuyo idapangidwa mabotolo asanu ndi atatu a vinyo wachikale. Vinyo wonyezimira ndi champagne amapezeka m'mabotolo akuluakulu. Ngati alipo, mabotolo ocheperako angakwane mufiriji kuposa momwe amafotokozera.

Opanga ma vinyo osiyanasiyana adzafunika kabati yazoyang'anira magawo awiri yamabotolo 12, popeza mabotolo a vinyo woyera ndi wofiira amafunikira zosungira mosiyanasiyana. Vinyo osankhika amafunikira kutentha kosiyanasiyana kwamtundu uliwonse, motero amafunika malo ambiri. Vinyo uyu amadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha utoto wake woyera.

Khabineti ya bar ikhoza kukhala ndi imodzi mwanjira zoziziritsa:

chipinda chama compressor (chotchedwa chifukwa chakupezeka kwa kompresa yomwe imaziziritsa mpweya) - kumachepetsa kutentha, koma kumatulutsa phokoso;
thermoelectric (ili ndi mayina awiri, wachiwiri dzina la amene anayambitsa ntchito ya Peltier) - siyoyenera kusungidwa moyenera kwa vinyo wonyezimira komanso woyera, chifukwa sichiziziritsa mpweya wokwanira;
mayamwidwe (adatchedwa choncho chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa chinthu chomwe chimaziziritsa) - chete, koma okwera mtengo, amathera magetsi ambiri.

Popeza kusankha kabati ya vinyo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupeze chithunzi chosungira chomwe mukufuna, koma ndibwino kujambula chithunzi chatsatanetsatane ndi miyezo yonse. Ndi chithunzi ndi kujambula, zidzakhala zosavuta kufotokozera mlangizi wa sitolo komwe akuyang'ana. Pokambirana pamasom'pamaso ndi munthu wodziwa zambiri, kusankha mipando kumatenga nthawi yocheperako ndipo kumakhala kopindulitsa. Chofunikira ndikuti musankhe ndendende njira yosungira yomwe ili yoyenera pamlandu wanu. Kusankha kumeneku kumatha kutengeka ndi zinthu zambiri: kuyambira kukula kwa chipinda chomwe nyumbayo ikukonzekera kuyikidwa mpaka kuchuluka kwa vinyo yemwe adzasungidwe nthawi imodzi m'sitolo.