Gloxinia: bwanji sichimafalikira komanso chochita?

Gloxinia imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri, akulu ndi mtundu wosazolowereka wowala. Koma nthawi zina zimachitika kuti maluwa achilendowa salowa mumaluwa, amakhalabe chitsamba chodziwika bwino.

Kodi Gloxinia imamasula bwanji? Bwanji ngati sichikuphuka, kapena sichikhala motalika? Kodi chingakhale chifukwa chotani chavutoli? Yankho la mafunso onsewa mupeza m'nkhaniyi.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Tchire laling'ono lokhazikika lokhala ndi velvet lokhalitsa masamba limamasula maluwa okongola okongola. Mitunduyi ndi ya monochromatic kapena iwiri, yokhala ndi zotambalala m'mphepete mwa petal, kapena zokongoletsa zosiyana. Maluwa amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera mpaka pafupifupi yakuda... Maonekedwe a maluwa amkati amafanana ndi belu, lolunjika m'mwamba, lokhotakhota. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka rhizome, gloxinia ndi yazomera zouma.

Gloxinia, kapena mwanjira ina, synningia - waku America pobadwa. M'dziko lathu, imakula kokha kunyumba, kapena m'malo obiriwira. Ndi a banja la hersenium.

Ndondomeko yamaluwa

Maluwa ambiri amkati amaphuka nthawi yachilimwe, pali mitundu yofalikira kugwa, ndipo ena amatha kukhala okongola chaka chonse. Kuti timvetsetse ngati pali vuto konse, tidziwa nthawi ndi kutalika kwa gloxinia.

Liti?

Pazifukwa zabwino, gloxinia imatha kuphulika mu Marichi., komabe, nthawi zambiri, masambawa akupangabe. Maluwa akupitilira mpaka Seputembara-Okutobala.

Angati?

Gloxinia imamasula magawo awiri kwa miyezi itatu iliyonse. Ndiye kuti, maluwa oyamba amachitika kuyambira Marichi mpaka Juni, wachiwiri - kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala. Pakati pa maluwa, chomeracho chimadulidwa, ndipo chimaphukanso mapesi a maluwa ndikupanga masamba.

Kodi izi zidzachitika liti ku tsamba la masamba?

Njira imodzi yoberekera ndikuzula tsamba kapena chidutswa chake (mutha kuphunzira zambiri za kubzala gloxinia kuchokera patsamba pano). Chifukwa kuti chomera chaching'ono chimapatsa maluwa, chimafunika choyamba kukula.

Chifukwa chake, ngati tsamba linazika mizu mchaka, ndiye kuti nthawi yophukira imatha kuphuka. Sipadzakhala maluwa ambiri, kupatula apo, sadzakhalitsa. Komabe, ngati mutasiya tuber mumphika m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye mpaka chaka chamawa chidzakula, chomwe chidzapatsa chomeracho mphamvu yakumera maluwa.

Momwe mungapangire pachimake kunyumba?

Chifukwa chiyani chomeracho sichimaphuka, koma chimabala masamba, omwe kenako amauma ndikuchita? Pali zifukwa zingapo zavutoli. Ndikofunika kuwachotsa ndikupanga mbewa yoyenera.

Ganizirani njira zothandiza kwambiri:

1. Momwe mungadyetse gloxinia maluwa ambiri? Zovuta zilizonse, makamaka mumadzi amadzimadzi, feteleza amchere, omwe amapangidwira maluwa. Chitani katatu pamwezi, kuyambira masabata awiri mutabzala kasupe. Mbande zazing'ono zimayamba kudyetsa mphukira zatsopano ndi masamba. Dyetsani mpaka nthawi yophukira. Ngati feteleza palibe, tsanulirani phulusa phulusa.
2. Perekani kuwala kochuluka! Gloxinia amakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, amafunikira maola 12-14 masana kuti atulutse mapesi a maluwa.

   M'chaka, m'pofunika kuwonjezera chomeracho. Pachifukwa ichi, nyali za phyto, kapena nyali za fulorosenti zokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

3. Muikeni mumphika woyenera! Ngati gloxinia ili mu chidebe chomwe ndi chachikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti sichidzaphulika. Poto yayikulu komanso yocheperako imafunikira (mutha kuwerenga zambiri za kukula kwa mphika kuti chitukuko cha gloxinia chikule bwino). Nthaka yam'madzi iyenera kukhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa tuber yokha (ndipo mutha kuphunzira zambiri za momwe mungasankhire nthaka yabwino kwambiri ku gloxinia pano).
4. Samalani ndi nayitrogeni! Ngati gloxinia yanu ili ndi masamba akuda ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Masamba ali ndi masamba ambiri, ndiye mwina pali kuyamwa kwa nayitrogeni. Kaya pali nthaka yambiri, kapena feteleza wolakwika adasankhidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni. Kapena onse awiri. Mutha kuzikonza pokhapo duwa mumunda wosauka wokhala ndi peat (mutha kuwerenga zambiri za kuyika gloxinia apa). Dyetsani feteleza olondola okha molingana ndi malangizo.
5. Kodi mtsikanayo amakukondani? Ngati chipinda chomwe poto wa gloxinia wayimilira ndichabwino, ndiye kuti maluwa sangachitike. Okhutira amafunika kutentha kwa madigiri 20 mpaka 25. Izi ziyeneranso kuphatikiza kupezeka kwa ma drafti komanso mawonekedwe ozizira, pomwe nthaka mumphika imakhala yotentha kwambiri.
6. Redieta ndi mdani wa zomera! M'nyengo yotentha, mbewu zimatha kuvutika ndi chinyezi chotsika kwambiri, mpweya wouma wouma umatuluka kuchokera pama radiator kupita kumalo obzala pawindo. Pangani chophimba chodzitchinjiriza, kapena pangani mpweya wofewa kuzungulira duwa. Mutha kuyika thireyi ndi madzi, kapena kupopera madzi kuchokera mu botolo la utsi mumlengalenga. Maluwa okhawo mulimonse momwemo sangagwe!
7. Kupuma kapena ayi? M'nyengo yozizira, gloxinia iyenera kupumula kwa miyezi inayi. Tuber imakumbidwa ndikusungidwa m'malo amdima ozizira, m'thumba lokhala ndi mchenga wonyowa pang'ono. Ngati zina zonse sizinakhalitse, mikhalidwe inali yolakwika, ndiye kuti chomeracho sichidzatha pachimake. Pankhani yazomera zazing'ono zomwe sizinakulebe tuber, zimasiyidwa mumphika. Koma amachotsedwanso kumalo amdima ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 12-15. Ndikofunika kuti tisalole kuti dothi liume panthawiyi. Sizokayikitsa kuti zitha kupangitsa kuti chomeracho chiphulike pakakhala kupumula kosakwanira.

Chisamaliro

Tinakambirana za mfundo zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuchoka, komabe pali zinthu zina zofunika.

Kodi kuthirira kangati?

Ndi nthawi yamaluwa pomwe gloxinia imafuna kuthirira mobwerezabwereza. Ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka ikauma... Ndi bwino kuchita izi ndi njira yamatumba, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi gloxinia imangotenga ndalama zokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, simungathe kubzala pachomera. Kupanda kutero, imatha kuvunda.

Kuphatikiza kwina kuthirira poto ndikugawana ngakhale chinyezi. M'chilimwe, tikamwetsa madzi kuchokera kumtunda, chinyezi sichingafike pansi, chimaphwera pang'ono pang'ono. Madzi ayenera kukhazikika komanso ofewa, kutentha kapena kuphatikiza madigiri atatu.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamomwe mungathirire ndi kudyetsa gloxinia kunyumba kuno.

Kodi masamba angadulidwe?

Ngati mukufuna tsamba kuti mufalikire, ndizotheka kuti mudule (mutha kuphunzira zambiri za kufalikira kwa tsamba la gloxinia ndikusamalira chomera munkhaniyi). Komanso, sizowopsa kudula masamba owuma komanso owonongeka. Komabe, simuyenera kuchepetsanso tchire, chifukwa chapanikizika, gloxinia imatha kutulutsa maluwa ndikusiya maluwa.

Masamba amadulidwa maluwa oyamba atatha... Sikuti onse amachotsedwa, koma ambiri, komanso ma peduncles onse. Pakapita kanthawi, ana opeza adzawoneka, awiri mwamphamvu kwambiri atsala, enawo adadulidwa. Kudulira kwathunthu masamba ndi zimayambira kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, musanayike tuber kuti isungidwe.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za zovuta za chisamaliro chovuta ndikukula kwa gloxinia kunyumba kuno.

Zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli

Palibe zifukwa zomwe tafotokozazi, komanso matenda ndi tizilombo toononga zomwe zimalepheretsa chomeracho kufalikira.

Mwachidule chifukwa chake sichiphuka:

• Kuwala koyipa.
• Kuperewera kwa michere.
• Mphika wosayenera.
• Kutentha kosakwanira.
• Owonjezera nayitrogeni m'nthaka.
• Mpweya wouma.
• Kusakhala ndi nthawi yopuma yokwanira (kuti mumve zambiri za nthawi yochotsa gloxinia popumula, mutha kudziwa pankhaniyi).

Matenda

Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zamkati zimakhudzidwa ndimatenda omwe amafooketsa chitukuko ndipo amatha kuwononga chomeracho. Zikuwoneka ngati zikufota ndi mawanga osiyanasiyana komanso malo owola.

Mutha kuyesa kusunga chomeracho:

1. Chotsani malo okhudzidwa.
2. Mosamala chotsani chomeracho m'nthaka.
3. Unikani muzu.
4. Dulani malo ovunda pa tuber ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndikuchita ndi malasha osweka.
5. Utsi mbewu pamodzi ndi tuber ndi fungicides.
6. Bzalani m'nthaka yoyera.

Ngati khola la mizu lawola, ndiye kuti chipulumutso chokha chidzakhala gawo lokula lomwe likupezekabe. Ngati palibe, palibe chifukwa chopulumutsa gloxinia.

Chenjezo! Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi chisamaliro chosayenera komanso mndende. Izi ndizowona makamaka kuthirira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri zamatenda a gloxinia pano, komanso mwatsatanetsatane zamatenda amtundu wamasamba omwe ali mmera, mutha kuwerenga izi.

Tizirombo

Gloxinia imatha kupatsira tizilombo tazinyumba zilizonse: nthata za kangaude, thrips, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ena. Ngati tizilombo timapezeka pansi kapena pa chomera, m'pofunika kuthandizira mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana mbewu zonse zomwe zili mnyumba kuti mupewe kuyambiranso.

Ngati pali malo owuma owuma pamasamba, pendani mosamala kumbuyo kwa tsamba, mwina ndi galasi lokulitsa... Tizirombo tina ndi tochepa kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yofunika, tizilombo timavulaza maluwa: amayamwa madziwo, amachotsa chomeracho m'thupi, komanso amawononga makina. Choncho, chomera chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono sichingafike pachimake.

Mapeto

Pali nthano zambiri pa intaneti zonena za momwe mungapangire chomera pachimake: amati kutsanulira madzi ozizira kapena otentha, msuzi wa nyama ndi njira zina zozizwitsa. Koma musabwere ndi zovuta, muyenera kungosamalira chomera chomwe mumakonda malinga ndi malamulo onse. Kenako gloxinia yanu iphulika nthawi yonse yomwe amayenera kuchita!

Onerani kanemayo: How to propagate gloxinia from leaf cutting. Part-1 (Mulole 2024).