Kodi petunia yayikulu bwanji ndi momwe mungasamalire?

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Petunia ndi chomera chokongoletsera chomwe chimadziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima maluwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukula m'nyumba ndi pabedi lamaluwa.

Pali mitundu yambiri yazomera, ndipo petunia yayikulu amakonda kwambiri olima maluwa.

Munkhaniyi muphunzira zambiri za petunia yayikulu, muwona momwe mitundu yake yaying'ono imawonekera, komanso kulingalira momwe mungasamalire ndikufalitsa.

Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera

Petunia idapezeka koyamba m'maiko atatu aku Brazil: Parana, Rio Grande Do Sul ndi Santa Catarina. Mtundu woyamba wa ode iyi udadziwika padziko lapansi chifukwa cha botanist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. Mu 1793 adalongosola mwatsatanetsatane za duwa, ndipo patatha zaka 10 katswiri wazomera Antoine Laurent de Jussier adasankha mtundu wina, womwe udatchedwa "petunia".

Malangizo! Petunia ndi wa banja la nightshade. Chomerachi ndi chopatsa thanzi, sichimatha, ndiye chimakula chaka chilichonse. Dziko lakwawo ndi South America.

Petunia yayenda bwino mumaluwa osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

zoyera;
pinki;
chofiira kwambiri;
wofiirira;
buluu;
chithu.

Simungamere osati monophonic, komanso maluwa awiri-atatu. Ichi ndiye chosangalatsa cha petunia, chomwe chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi olima maluwa. Kukula kwa maluwa kumafika masentimita 10. Maonekedwe awo amafanana ndi belu. Pali mitundu ya terry, yosemedwa, yosalala komanso yamatayala. Maluwa amayamba mu Meyi ndipo amakhala mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamitundu ndi mawonekedwe ake

F1 mathithi amtambo

Petunia iyi imadziwika ndikukula mwachangu komanso maluwa oyambirira, omwe amakhala mpaka chisanu choyamba. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwamaluwa. Maluwa ndi amtundu wambiri wandiweyani, wokulirapo (mutha kudziwa za mitundu iwiri ya petunia pano). Maluwa awiri 10 cm. Chomeracho chimagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi nyengo yoipa... Pakati pa maluwa, chomeracho chimasungabe mawonekedwe ake okongoletsa. Blue Waterfall ndiyabwino kukongoletsa ma curbs, makonde ndi loggias.

Limbo

Petunia yayikulu-yayikuluyi ndi ya mbewu zazing'ono. Ngati mukukula m'nyumba, ndiye kutalika kukafika masentimita 15, ndipo panja - masentimita 20. Maluwawo ndi ofiirira, m'mimba mwake masentimita 20. Chodziwika bwino cha Limbo ndikuti mitundumitundu ya inflorescence imatha kupezeka pachitsamba chimodzi.

Ozungulira

Izi ndizatsopano zatsopano za petunia. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake, popeza kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi masentimita 30. Mphukira sizimakonda kutambasula, ndizolimba, zimalekerera mayendedwe. Ma inflorescence amatha kukhala amitundu yosiyanasiyana, yayikulu, popeza m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 12. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi fungo labwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kukongoletsa malire kapena kubzala mumiphika.

Angelica

Mtundu waukulu wa petunia amatha kukhala maluwa osavuta, awiri kapena awiri. Kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi masentimita 30. Ma inflorescence amakula mpaka m'mimba mwake masentimita 10. Kukula kosiyanasiyana m'miphika. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito petunia kukongoletsa malire, zipinda.

Awiri F1

Mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ake awiri, kukula mwachangu komanso mphukira zazitali. Kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi masentimita 40. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, m'mimba mwake ndi masentimita 12. Maluwawo ndi owirikiza kawiri, amaphimba chitsamba chonse. Amatha kukhala oyera kapena oyera owala. The Duet yakula kuti ipange mabedi owala maluwa, kukongoletsa makonde, miphika yamaluwa ndi miphika yamaluwa. Tinakambirana zovuta za kukula kwa ampel mitundu ya petunias mumiphika pano.

Kopitilira muyeso

Mitunduyi ili ndi maluwa pafupifupi 15. Chitsambacho chimakhala chokwanira kukula, chimafika masentimita 30. Nthambi yolimba, imayamba kuchokera pansi pomwepo. Maluwa ndi aatali komanso obiriwira. Maluwa awiri masentimita 8-10. Oyenera kukula m'miphika ndi zotengera.

Wachikasu

Petunia iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba ake akale, okhala ndi m'mbali mwammbali mwammbali. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana kukongoletsa dimba ndi khonde.... Olima maluwa ena amakongoletsa mabwalo, amapanga nyimbo zonse zamalire. Kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi masentimita 45, m'mimba mwake maluwa ndi masentimita 8-10. Amamasula kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kwambiri kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala.

Kupambana

Mitunduyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa khungu lakuda, ndichifukwa chake amatchedwa kupambana kwakuda. Zimasiyana ndi nthambi zofooka, kutalika kwa tchire ndi 1.5 mita.Mkati mwake mwa inflorescence ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Mtundu wawo ndi wowala. Maluwa amatha kukhala ophweka kapena awiri. Mitundu yawo imakhala yoyera mpaka burgundy yakuya.

Kenako, mutha kuwonera kuwunika kwa vidiyo ya petunia iyi:

Aladdin

Ichi ndi chomera chokhazikika chomwe chimakhala cha mitundu ya haibridi. Mukakulira m'nyumba, kutalika kwake kumafika 20 cm, ndi kutchire - masentimita 30. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, kukula kwa masentimita 10. Mphepete mwa maluwawo ndi corrugated. Wokhalitsa komanso wochuluka maluwa. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri imatsalira: pinki, chitumbuwa, chofiira, buluu.

Duwa duwa

Mitundu yochititsa chidwi yomwe ikadapangidwa kumene posachedwa. Zimasiyanasiyana mu velvet inflorescence yayikulu. Chitsamba chimakula mpaka kufika masentimita 20. Nthawi yamaluwa, tchire limakutidwa ndi maluwa. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndikuthana ndi chilala, ndipo kuwala kumafunikanso pakukula kwathunthu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulira miphika, mitsuko yamaluwa ndi mabedi amaluwa.

Alexandra

Chitsamba chimakula mpaka masentimita 30. Makulidwe ake ndi ofanana. Nthawi yamaluwa, tchire limakhala ndi maluwa owala. Makulidwe awo ndi masentimita 10. Zomera zimawoneka zokongola komanso zokongola. Maluwa amatha kuyambira Meyi mpaka chisanu. Wosakanizidwa amadziwika ndi kudzichepetsa pankhani yosamalira, kukula mwachangu komanso kukonda-kuwala.

Chiwombankhanga chikasu

Zosiyanasiyana izi zimasankhidwa kukongoletsa gazebo, loggia, khonde. Chomeracho chimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wolemera wa inflorescence. Pali maluwa achikasu, ofiira, oyera ndi amtambo. Ma inflorescence amthunzi womwewo amapangidwa pachitsamba chimodzi.

Kufikira

Mukamabzala petunias okhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu, onani malangizo awa:

Mbande zobiriwira zingabzalidwe m'mabokosi a khonde mu Meyi-Juni.
Kudzala mbewu panja kunja kukuchita mitambo.
Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani dzenje, lomwe kuya kwake kuli 10 cm.
Bzalani mbewu pamodzi ndi dothi, mopepuka ndi nthaka ndi madzi.
Ikani mbewuzo pamtunda wa masentimita 28-30.

Zofunika panthaka

Podzala petunias, sankhani nthaka yowawasa osati yamchere... Iyenera kukhala yotayirira, yopatsa thanzi komanso yosagwira chinyezi. Pali magawo okonzeka omwe mungagule m'sitolo. Koma nthawi zambiri, olima maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito dothi losakaniza ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

nthaka ya sod - magawo awiri;
nthaka yovuta - magawo awiri;
peat - gawo limodzi;
mchenga wamtsinje -1 gawo.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Pokula petunias, mutha kusankha khonde, zenera, malo oyambira, dimba lachilimwe, bedi lamaluwa. Chodziwika bwino cha petunia ndikuti chimagwirira ntchito pabwalo komanso m'nyumba. Pokhapokha posankha malo ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chomeracho chimakonda dzuwa ndi mpweya wabwino.

Upangiri! Ngati mukukula petunia pazenera, ndiye kuti iyenera kukhala kumwera.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Kuthirira

Ma petunias othamanga kwambiri amafunika kuthirira pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira komanso kuthirira madzi ambiri chilimwe. Pakatentha, kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika m'mawa komanso madzulo. Izi zidzakuthandizani maluwa. Kutentha kwamadzulo kumatha kusinthidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mowolowa manja.

Chomeracho nthawi zambiri chimalekerera chinyezi chochuluka kapena kusowa kwake... Koma madzi osayenda kapena chilala chomwe chimatenga nthawi yayitali chimasokoneza. Kutsirira kumachitika ndi madzi ofewa, okhazikika.

Zovala zapamwamba

Manyowa okhazikika okha ndi omwe amathandiza kuti maluwa azikhala ataliatali komanso okongola. Zomera zobzalidwa m'makontena osiyana kapena miphika yaying'ono zimafunikira kudya. Pambuyo pa kuziika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta zamagulu. Onjezerani iwo kawiri pa sabata. Chomeracho chifikira kukula kwakukulu ndi maluwa ambiri, phatikizani zovala zapamwamba ndi kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi ndichifukwa choti pamene tchire limakula, nthaka imatha.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Petunia ndi chomera cholimba komanso chodzichepetsa, koma ngati mikhalidwe yosungidwa ikuphwanyidwa, imatha kudwala kapena kuwonongedwa ndi tizilombo. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chinyezi chowonjezera kapena nthaka yolemera, bowa amatha kuwononga chomeracho. Nthawi zambiri imakhala mizu yowola. Itha kudziwika ndi zimayambira zake zakuda komanso zofewa. Chotsani zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo chitani zomwe zili pafupi ndi fungicides.

Komanso petunia nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi powdery mildew.... Ichi ndi matenda a fungal omwe amadziwika ndi mapangidwe oyera pachimake pamaluwa ndi masamba. Chifukwa chachikulu cha chitukuko ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha ndi chinyezi.

Zofunika! Chotsani magawo omwe akhudzidwa ndi chomeracho, ndikuchiritsa ena onse ndi sulfure.

Mwa tizirombo, chiwopsezo chake ndi ichi:

aphid - imasokoneza masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono zazomera;
whitefly - mawanga achikasu amapanga pamwamba pa masamba;
kangaude mite - masamba ali ndi timadontho tating'ono tachikasu.

Kubereka

Petunia yayikulu imafalikira ndi mbewu ndi cuttings. Mukamabzala mbewu, sizotheka nthawi zonse kusunga mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndipo hybridi zina sizimatulutsa mbewu konse.

Kufalitsa ndi cuttings kumaphatikizapo kudula mphukira kuchokera ku chomera cha mayi... Asungeni pamalo owala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 10-12. Chinyezi chokhazikika ndi mpweya wabwino wabwino ndizofunikira pakudula. Mizu ikangopangidwa, mbewuyo imatha kuikidwa m'miphika yokhala ndi masentimita 7-10.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Mukamakula petunias, mavuto otsatirawa akhoza kubwera:

Mbande sizinamera. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa mbewu zimapita pansi kwambiri panthawi yobzala. Amangofunika kuyikidwa pamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, dothi siliyenera kusankhidwa wandiweyani, koma lotayirira.
Mbande zosalimba ndi zofooka. Vutoli limachitika pakakhala kusanja. Zomera zimakonda mpweya wabwino, koma kusodza kumawasokoneza.
Zomera zimakula bwino. Kuti athane ndi vutoli, ndikofunikira kuzula masamba oyamba, chifukwa amatenga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera maluwa.

Petunia yayikulu imakopeka ndi kukula kwa inflorescence yake, koma mitundu ina ya chomera chokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, mwachitsanzo, yaying'ono-yaying'ono, yosanja yambiri komanso yaying'ono, imamasula kwambiri, makamaka mawonekedwe ake ampelous ndi cascading. Pazenera lathu mupeza mafotokozedwe ndi zithunzi za mitundu yosangalatsa ya petunias yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo: Mkuntho wa Siliva, Grandifdlora, Opera, Tidal, Ramblin ndi Starry Sky.

Petunia yayikulu ndi chomera chokongoletsera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa minda, makonde ndi zotchinga. Ponena za kulima, chikhalidwe ndi chosavuta, koma kukhazikitsa kwawo mosamalitsa kumapangitsa kukwaniritsa kukula kwa petunia, kowala komanso kutalika maluwa.

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