Wokondeka petunia surfinia

Surfinia ndi mbewu yokongoletsa yapadera yomwe ndi imodzi mwazomera za petunia. M'gulu la ampelous, ngakhale mulinso zazing'ono, mitundu yaying'ono.

Chodziwika bwino ndi kukongola kwa kusefera ndikokula kwamphamvu kwa mapesi ake ndi maluwa ambiri pafupifupi nyengo yonse. Ngati duwa ili likhazikika pakhonde kapena pakhonde lanu - nsanje ya ena ndiyotsimikizika! Ndipo ali ndi fungo lotani nanga! Mtundu wowala komanso wonyezimira, ndi fungo labwino kwambiri.

Kodi chomera ichi ndi chiyani?

Chomerachi chinapezeka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19. Petunia anabadwira ku Japan posamutsa maselo ndi ma cell a cell kuchokera pachomera china kupita china.

Kutalika kwa zimayambira kumatha kufika mamita 2. Maluwa awiri ndi 2-6 cm. Mtundu wawo ukhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri:

• zoyera;
• pinki;
• chofiira;
• buluu;
• zofiirira.

Mphukira zazitali zokutidwa ndi maluwa akulu zimapangitsa chidwi cha mathithi amaluwa.

Pamakalata. Petunia wosakanizidwa amadziwika ndi kukana kwake matenda ambiri ndi tizirombo. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa surfinia ndi classic petunia kuli maluwa ambiri.

Kusamalira duwa ndikosavuta. Mukamapanga zikhalidwe zokwanira zokula petunias, yankhani ndi maluwa ataliatali komanso obiriwira.

Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za mitundu

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 25 ya surfinia yomwe yapezeka powoloka. Mutha kuwerenga za mitundu ya ma surfinia ndikuwona mitundu yonse pachithunzipa pansipa.

Burgundy

Ndi chitsamba chachikulu komanso chokhala ndi nthambi zambiri chomwe chimakhala ndi maluwa ambiri. Maluwa ake ali ndi vinyo wonyezimira.

Pinki Wotentha

Zosangalatsa zokongola ndi zazikulu, zazikulu zowala maluwa pinki. Mitsempha pamphuno ndi yofiira, yotchulidwa. Amathamanga kuchokera pakhosi palokha mpaka m'mphepete mwa duwa.

Gome loyera

Zosiyanasiyanazi ndi chimodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri pakati pa osowa maluwa. Popeza ili ndi masamba oyera oyera, ndipo duwa lokha limafanana ndi mabelu. Amaphimba chitsamba chonse. A peculiarity wa zosiyanasiyana m'nyengo yayitali yamaluwa. Imayamba mu Meyi ndipo imatha mpaka nyengo yozizira.

Ylow

Uwu ndiye mtundu woyamba wa petunia ampelous wosakanizidwa. Amamasula mofulumira komanso mochuluka. Mtundu wa inflorescence ndi wachikasu wotumbululuka.

Pepo Wapawiri

Iyi ndi petunia iwiri yomwe ili ndi maluwa ofiira owala. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imadziwika ndikukula kwamphamvu komanso kukana kubowoleza madzi mchilimwe. Nthambi za tchire zapachikidwa, kutalika kwake ndi mita 1. Ndipo kutalika kwa chitsamba ndi 15-20 cm.

Mutha kudziwa mitundu ina ya terry petunias ndi mawonekedwe ake pano.

Mkonzi

Zosiyanasiyana ndi zokongola modabwitsa. Chitsamba chili ndi mawonekedwe a mpira, wopangidwa ndi maluwa ambiri ofiira owala. Mbali ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaying'ono.

Kufikira

Ntchito zodzala ndi gawo lofunikira komanso lofunikira, pakulondola komwe kukula ndi maluwa a petunias zimadalira. Poterepa, malingaliro ena ayenera kutsatiridwa:

1. Chidebe cha maluwa chiyenera kukhala ndi ngalande. Izi ndizofunikira kuti chinyezi chisakhalebe panthaka nthawi yayitali.
2. Ngati nyembazo ndizochepa, sakanizani ndi mchenga musanadzalemo. Izi zidzakuthandizani kufesa moyenera mbeu zobzala pamwamba ponse pa chidebecho.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito botolo lopopera kapena kupopera dzanja kuti muteteze nthaka. Olimbikitsa kukula atha kuyikidwa m'madzi ngati angafune.
4. Pamapeto pa kubzala, tsekani chidebecho ndi polyethylene. Izi zipangitsa kuti pakhale kutentha.
5. Sungani chidebecho pamalo oyatsa bwino. Kutentha kumayenera kukhala mkati mwa 21-23 madigiri. Dothi likangouma, utsire. Pambuyo pa sabata, mutha kuwona mphukira zoyamba.

Zofunika panthaka

Surfinia imakonda nthaka yopepuka, yopanda ndale kapena ya acidic pang'ono. Mutha kugula kapena kupanga. Pofuna kudzikonzekeretsa ndi zakudya zoyenera, muyenera:

1. Phatikizani peat ndi vermicompost mofanana.
2. Kenako malo amtundu wa sod amayambitsidwa mu 1: 2 ratio.
3. Kuti dothi likhale lotayirira, onjezani vermiculite.
4. Onjezani laimu kapena makala kuti mubweretse nthaka ndi pH 6.5.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Surfinia ndi chomera chokonda kuwala. Mphikawo uyenera kukhazikitsidwa pawindo lomwe likuyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo. Ngati mumamera maluwa mumthunzi, ndiye kuti kukula kwake kumayima, ngati maluwa.

Chisamaliro

Kuthirira

Limbikitsani nthaka nthawi zonse komanso munthawi yake. Ndipo ngakhale chomeracho chimapirira chilala bwino, nthawi yamatenthedwe, mizu yomwe imakula kwambiri imafuna madzi ambiri.

Zofunika! Kutsirira kumachitika mosamalitsa pazu. Koma muzingochita izi dothi lapamwamba litauma.

Pofuna kupewa kuyanika kwa nthaka mu chidebe, mulch.

Zovala zapamwamba

Surfinia amalabadira kudyetsa. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, imabwezera ndi maluwa owala komanso okongola. Onjezerani zopangira michere kamodzi masiku 7-10. Kulowetsedwa kwa mullein kapena vermistim ndikoyenera kwa izi.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Mitundu yosakanikirana ya petunias imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Koma ngati nyengo zomwe zikukula kapena nyengo ikuphwanyidwa, surfinia imatha kuvutika.

Matenda a fungal

Matenda ofala kwambiri a fungal amakhalabe:

• zoyera zoyera;
• imvi zowola;
• kuwonera bulauni;
• mdima;
• kuvunda konyowa.

Zizindikiro za matendawa ndizosiyana pang'ono, koma pafupifupi zonse zimathandizira kuwonongeka ndi kufa kwa duwa. Pali zifukwa zotsatirazi zakukula kwawo:

• chinyezi;
• chinyezi chachikulu;
• kuchepa kwa zizindikiro za kutentha (pansipa +14);
• kukhathamira kokhazikika;
• nthaka acidic;
• kupezeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'mitsinje ndi nthaka.

Njira zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana:

1. Kutsatira malamulo agrotechnical.
2. Kukumba mwakuya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito laimu m'nthaka.
3. Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi kwa zitsanzo zomwe zakhudzidwa.
4. Pochizira zomera, zinthu zachilengedwe (Fitosporin, Integral) ndi othandizira mankhwala (Skor, Maxim) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chlorosis

Matendawa mutha kuzindikira ndi izi:

• masamba amataya mtundu wobiriwira, amakhala oyera;
• kukula kwa mbewu kumaima;
• duwa limaoneka lokhumudwa.

Kutchulidwa. Chlorosis pa petunia ndi chizindikiro cha zolakwika pakusamalira: kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu kapena phosphorous kwambiri, kukondera kwa nthaka pH kumbali yamchere.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, tsitsani dothi lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi chitsulo chelate (Mikom, Ferovit).

Whitefly

Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timatha kuzindikira masamba achikasu ndi opanda masamba. Pogwira maluwa okhudzidwa, ocheperako oyera amayamba kumwazikana ndikubisala mkati mwa masamba azomera zoyandikana. Pofuna kumenya nkhondo, gwiritsani misampha ya guluu, zopangira zinthu. Pazochitika zapamwamba, kukonzekera mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito (Mospilan, Aktara).

Thrips

Mutha kuzindikira tizilomboti mwa kupezeka kwa zikwapu za maluwa ndi masamba. Amatsagana ndi necrosis yamatenda omwe akhudzidwa. Poyang'ana malo owuma, chimbudzi chakuda chakuda chitha kupezeka, chomwe chidatsalira ndi mphutsi za tiziromboti. Pofuna kumenya nkhondo, gwiritsani ntchito othandizira mankhwala (Intavir, Aktara).

Kangaude

Mungathe kuzindikira tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa pokhala ndi madontho achikasu. Popita nthawi, masambawo amaumiratu, ukonde wowonda umawonekera. Polimbana, mankhwala ophera tizilombo Nero kapena Apollo amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zoswana

Surfinia imafalikira mopatsa thanzi komanso ndi mbewu. Koma njira yachiwiri yokha ndiyovuta, chifukwa chake tchire laling'ono limakula ndi maluwa opanda pake. Nyengo yaku Russia siyabwino kwenikweni maluwa awa okonda kutentha. Kukula mbande kuchokera ku mbewu ndi ntchito yolemetsa, ndipo zotsatira zake sizotsimikizika. Mutabzala, mphukira imawonekera patadutsa masiku 7. Masamba awiri akangopangidwa, sungani mbewuzo muzitsulo zosiyana.

Kwa amalima maluwa wamba Njira yabwino yoswana ndi cuttings:

1. Ndikofunika kudula tchire ndikuzibzala m'nthaka. Komanso, izi ziyenera kuchitika mwachangu kuti phesi lizike.
2. Phimbani ndi zojambulazo ndikuyika pamalo amdima.
3. Kuthirira kumafunika panthawi yosamalira
4. Mukangothawa, chotsani kanemayo.
5. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse amakhala wofunda.
6. Pofika kasupe, imatha kubzalidwa, ndipo nthawi yotentha idzasandulika chitsamba chachikulu komanso chowala bwino.

Onerani kanema wamomwe mungafalitsire ma surfinia ndi cuttings:

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo

Mukamakula surfinia, mavuto awa ndiotheka:

1. Kuletsa kukula, kulibe maluwa. Chifukwa chachikulu ndikusowa kwa kuyatsa. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa petunia pa msuzi wokhala ndi kuwala kofalikira, ndipo nthawi yozizira kuti muwonjezere maluwa mothandizidwa ndi nyali. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyima pakukula ndikotheka pomanga nthambi za petunia.
2. Kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Vutoli ndi limodzi mwazofala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake chachikulu ndi chinyezi chowonjezera. Petunias amakonda kusintha kwa chilala ndikudzaza nthaka kwathunthu. Thirirani chomeracho tsiku lililonse pokhapokha chimamera mdziko kapena pawindo la dzuwa. Ngati mwendo wakuda ukukhudzidwa, gwiritsani ntchito Fitosporin.
3. Amatentha pamasamba. Amapangidwa makamaka chifukwa chodyetsa mosayenera. Ndi bwino kuchita izi nyengo ikakhala mitambo. Simusowa kuyika chomeracho pansi pa nyale, muyenera kudikirira kuti zitsamba zonse zizilowetsedwa m'masamba.

Petunia surfiniya ndi duwa lodabwitsa lomwe limadabwitsa ndi kukongola kwa maluwa ake. Kuphatikiza apo, kumusamalira ndikosavuta, chifukwa zochitika zonse ndizofananira. Ngakhale oyamba kumene amatha kuthana ndi ntchito yonse, chifukwa ili ndi chisankho chabwino kwa iwo omwe angoyamba kumene kudziwana ndi petunias.

Onerani kanema wamomwe mungasamalire bwino mbande za surfiniya mumphika wamaluwa:

Onerani kanemayo: A Suntory Original, Surfinia Petunias (June 2024).