Hatior Solerosova ndi maluwa otani komanso momwe angakulire?
Hatiora (Hatiora) - nzika zaku Brazil, zomwe zimakula m'nkhalango zake zamvula. Chitsamba chaching'ono chokoma ichi ndi wachibale wa nkhadze yodziwika bwino. Hatiora ndi wa genus epiphytic (amakula pamitengo), ndipo kangapo lithophytic (amakula m'miphepete mwa miyala) cacti. Kupadera kwa izi zokoma ndikuti zimawoneka ngati tchire la nkhadze. Maluwa ambiri, mapangidwe ake amadzimadzi amathandizira kutchuka kwake. M'nkhaniyi tikambirana Hatiora Sallerosova.
Kufotokozera kwa botanical
Hatiora salicornioides ndi chokoma chosatha kapena shrub cactus, chotchedwanso Hatiora salicornioides kapena Hatiora saltwort.
Mtundu uwu wa nkhadze umatchedwa ndi botanists. Popita pamaulendo asayansi, adagwiritsa ntchito mapu opangidwa ndi Mngelezi Thomas Herriot. Pothokoza wolemba mapu, adatcha dzina loti cactus wosadziwika dzina lake.
Mutha kukumana ndi Hatiora osati ku Brazil kokha. Hatiora amakula m'nkhalango zam'mvula za Agentina ndi Uruguay.
Hatiora amawoneka osazolowereka. Amakhala ndi zimayambira, zomwe zimakhala ndimagulu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi khungu lobiriwira lobiriwira masentimita 2-2.5 okha.
Kunyumba, chomeracho chimakula mpaka mita imodzi, koma kunyumba, osaposa 30-50 cm.
Ndiponso Hatiora ili ndi maluwa ambiri komanso okongola kwambiri okhala ndi maluwa achikasu-lalanje.
Zomwe pambuyo pake zimalowetsedwa ndi zipatso zazing'ono pafupifupi miyezi 2-3 mutatha maluwa.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji chomera chanyumba ichi?
- Kutentha. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kumakhala 20-21 C, ndipo nthawi yozizira - pafupifupi 14-15 ° C
- Kuthirira. Hatiora imafuna chinyezi chambiri. Amafunikira kuthirira pafupipafupi ndi madzi ofewa, makamaka nthawi yamaluwa. Hatiora amapopera mankhwala masiku atatu aliwonse, ndipo nthawi yotentha nthawi yotentha masiku awiri aliwonse.
Zofunika! Ngakhale kuti Hatiore amafunikira kuthirira madzi ambiri, ndikofunikira kupewa madzi osayenda mumphika. Kupanda kutero, zimatha kubweretsa mizu yowola. Koma dothi louma mumphika ndilowopsa. Zimapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ifote.
- Kuwala. Hatiora salicata imafuna dzuwa, koma siyikulimbikitsidwa kuyiyika dzuwa. Bwino kuyiyika pazenera lakummawa. Kuyika pamawindo akumpoto sikunalimbikitsidwenso, chifukwa maluwa sangabwere kapena kuchepa.
- Nthaka ndi mphika. Kwa Hatiora salicosova timafunikira mphika wawung'ono wokhala ndi dothi lowala bwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lokonzekera lokonzekera. Gawo lonse, lokhala ndi acidic pang'ono potengera peat-moor peat wokhala ndi perlite wowonjezera amafunika.
- Kudulira. Hatiora salicata safuna kudulira kuti achotse mbali zowuma za chomeracho, chifukwa sizinapangidwe. Kudulira kumakupatsani mwayi wopatsa chomeracho mawonekedwe omwe mukufuna. Sankhani magawo omwe mukufuna kuchotsa. Tengani magawo owonjezera ndi zala zanu ndikungowachotsa pa tsinde.
- Zovala zapamwamba. Kuvala kwapamwamba kwa Hatiora salicosova kumachitika kawiri pamwezi. Manyowa amchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi, potashi ndi phosphorous. Mukamagula feteleza kuti mudyetse, samalani azitrogeni. Mavitamini okwanira a feteleza amatha kusokoneza mizu ya chomeracho.
Tumizani. Hatiora salicata amafunika kumuika pachaka kwa zaka zinayi zoyambirira. Kuika kumachitika mchaka. Pobzala, sipakhala chakuya, koma chidebe chokwanira chimodzimodzi m'lifupi ndi kuya kwake. Payenera kukhala mabowo ngalande pansi pamphika.
Mphika uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wakale, kuti pakhale mpata waulere pafupifupi 1 cm kuzungulira mozungulira kukula kwa mizu. Pansi pa mphika pamatsanulidwa ngalande yotalika pafupifupi masentimita 2-3. Nthawi yomweyo, mizu ya mpira sichiwonongedwa. Akulu Hatiors salicata amaikidwa zaka 4-5 zilizonse.
- Nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, imafunikira kutentha kwa madigiri 14-15 ndikuthirira kwambiri. Chomeracho chimapopera masiku atatu aliwonse.
Tidakambirana zambiri zamalamulo osamalira hatior kunyumba kuno.
Wofalitsa ndi cuttings ndi mbewu
Njira yosavuta komanso yosavuta yofalitsira mbewu ndikudula. Kuti muchite izi, ma cuttings omwe ali ndi zigawo zitatu sanachotsedwe ku Hatiora Solersova yemwe alipo. Pambuyo pake, lolani kuti mpweya uume kwa masiku 3-5. Ndiye pansi pake pali ufa ndi malasha osweka. Ndipo chomeracho chimamizidwa mu peat gawo lonyowa. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, zidutswazo zimatha kuikidwa m'miphika yosatha.
Chomeracho chikhozanso kufalikira pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu. Koma iyi ndi njira yantchito yambiri. Kuti muchite izi, fesani mbewu za Hatiora Solerosova mumtambo wosanjikiza wa peat-mchenga. Ikani chidebecho ndi mbewu zobzalidwa pamalo otentha momwe kutentha kuzikhala kosachepera 21 ° C. Pakapita kanthawi, ngati amathiridwa pafupipafupi, mphukira zoyamba zimawonekera.
Pachimake
Kukula ku Hatiora Sallerosnaya kumayamba koyambirira kwamasika. Maluwa ake ndi ochuluka komanso okongola kwambiri, okhala ndi maluwa achikasu-lalanje. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, ooneka ngati belu ndipo amakhala kumapeto kwa mphukira zazitali. Pambuyo pake, maluwawo amalowetsedwa ndi zipatso zazing'ono pafupifupi miyezi 2-3 mutatha maluwa.
Mutha kudziwa zambiri za momwe hatiora imamasulira komanso chifukwa chake nthawi zina sizimachitika pano.
Bwanji ngati sichikuphuka?
Zifukwa zazikulu zakusowa kwamaluwa:
- Chinyezi chamkati ndichotsika kwambiri.
- Zinthu zonse zofunika kutentha sizimaperekedwa. Mwachitsanzo, m'nyengo yozizira kutentha kotentha +9 zaNdi mapangidwe a mtundu masamba akhoza kusiya.
- Kusowa kwa umuna.
- Chomeracho chimayikidwa pazenera chakumpoto.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Kusamalira mbeu molakwika nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa matenda. ndi kuoneka kwa tizirombo. Zowopsa kwambiri kwa Hatiora ndi mealybugs, tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ntchentche zoyera ndi nthata za akangaude. Zimapangitsa kuti zigawozo zikhale zachikasu ndikugwa. Pachifukwa ichi, chithandizo ndi kukonzekera kwapadera kumafunika.
Matenda a bakiteriya amawoneka ngati timadzi tonyowa. Atawonekera m'dera limodzi la maluwawo, amafalikira mmera wonsewo. Njira yothandiza kwambiri yolimbana ndi matenda a bakiteriya ndikuchotsa malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Komanso Hatiora Solerosova amatha kutenga matenda opatsirana... Nthawi zambiri kumakhala koopsa mochedwa ndi fusarium. Zomwe zimayambitsa vuto lakumapeto ndi kubzala nthaka kapena kubzala m'nthaka yonyansa. Poterepa, mizu ya mbewuyo imavunda. Fusarium imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa makina pachomera. Pazochitika zonsezi, kukonzekera fungicidal kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza.
Zomera zofanana
Maluwa ofanana ndi awa monga Hatiora Germina, Pink Hatiora, Hatiora Gatner, Ripsalis, Salikornia.
Chifukwa chake, Hatiora Solerosova ndi shrub cactus wapadera wokhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo komanso apadera. Kapangidwe kake ka zimayendedwe ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri achikasu-lalanje amathandizira kufalitsa nkhadze pakati pa wamaluwa.