Kumanani ndi mlendo wochokera ku Mexico - nkhadze Coryphanta

Ndi maluwa omwe ali pa chisoti chachifumu pomwe mutha kusiyanitsa ndi ma cacti ena ofanana nawo. Kutha kuphuka maluwa kokha pamwamba pamutu kumayenera kuti Coriphant ndi dzina lake "duwa pamwamba". Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazokongoletsera nkhono ndi yoyenera kukula panyumba.

Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo osavuta osamalira maluwa, kuwapatsa nyengo yoyandikira chilengedwe. Ganizirani za mitundu ya Coryphants, komanso phunzirani momwe mungasamalire moyenera.

Kufotokozera kwa botanical ndi mayina wamba

Coryphantha (Coryphantha) ndi mitundu yambiri yazomera zokoma za banja la nkhadze. Cactus imafanana ndi mtundu wa Mammillaria. Maluwa a Coryphanta ali pamwamba penipeni pa tsinde.

Mbeu zili ndi pulogalamu - gridi. Ma grooves pa chifuwa chilichonse amakhala osindikizira kwambiri. Ndili ndi zaka, timadzi tokoma timapanga timipanda tomwe timatulutsa timadzi tokoma timene timakopa tizilombo.

Mbiri yazowoneka, kufotokozera mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala

Mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu yopitilira 60. Dziko lakwawo lakukula ndi Mexico, zigawo zakumwera chakumadzulo kwa America, Canada. Mwachilengedwe, ma cacti awa amakhala m'ming'alu yamiyala yamiyala, m'malo amiyala, pansi pa mitengo yopyapyala ndi zitsamba. M'zaka za zana la 20. mtundu wambiri wa Coryphant wagawika m'magulu awiri:

• Neocoryphantha.
• Coryphantha.

Malinga ndi gulu la Beckenberg, njovuyo ndi membala wa Cereus (Cereoideae), womwe ndi gawo la banja lalikulu la nkhadze (werengani za Cereus apa).

Tsinde ndi lozungulira, limatha kutambasula kwakanthawi, ndikupeza mawonekedwe ozungulira. Nsonga za tsinde ndizofalitsa kwambiri. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumakhala pakati pa 3 mpaka 25 cm, kutengera mitundu. Nthawi zambiri, tsinde ndilokwatiwa, pali mitundu ikukula m'magulu.

Nthiti za coryphant kulibe, ma tubercles amakonzedwa mozungulira, kupindika mozungulira. Maluwawo ndi achikulire, mpaka 3 - 6 cm m'mimba mwake, nthawi zambiri amakhala achikaso. Pali mitundu ya petal yofiira ndi yofiirira (werengani za cacti yofiira pano).

Zofunika: Chipinda pachimake pa zaka 5-6 zaka.

Zipatso ndi zazikulu, zazitali, zobiriwira kapena zofiirira, khalani mkati mwa tsinde. Mbewu zimakhala ndi chipolopolo chochepa thupi, chaching'ono, mpaka 2 mm kutalika. Mizu ya coryphants ndi yofanana.

Mitundu yotchuka ndi mitundu ya Coryphantha yokhala ndi zithunzi

Njovu (Elephantidens)

Tsinde ndi lozungulira, m'mimba mwake limakula mpaka masentimita 15 - 18. Kutalika kwa nkhadze ndi masentimita 13 - 15. Ili ndi ma tubercles 20 - 30, ozunguliridwa pachimake ndikuthira kumunsi. Zoyipa pakati pa ma tubercles zimakutidwa ndi tsitsi loyera. Mitunduyi ndi yolimba, yopindika pang'ono, yachikasu. 6 - 8 cm m'litali. Maluwawo ndi ofiira pinki, mpaka 7 -8 cm m'mimba mwake (mutha kuphunzira zambiri za pinki cacti apa).

Yaying'ono (Compacta)

Tsinde ndi laling'ono, mpaka 5 cm m'mimba mwake. Pamwamba pake pamakhala pang'ono. Ma tubercles ndi ochepa. Spines ili kumtunda kwenikweni kwa ma tubercles. Chiwerengero cha minga yoyera mpaka 14 zidutswa. Maluwawo ndi ang'onoang'ono, mpaka 2 - 2.5 cm m'mimba mwake, wachikasu.

Palmeri

Tsinde ndi lozungulira, limatha kukhala lazitali, zobiriwira mopepuka. Kutalika kwa duwa kumafikira kutalika kwa 7 - 9 cm, kukula kwake kwa tsinde kumakhala masentimita 4. Ma tubercles ndi ochepa, okhazikika pamizere 13, opindika mozungulira. Pali 11 - 13 zozungulira zapakhosi. Mitunduyi imakhala yotumbululuka chikasu, yakuda kumapeto, yopindika pang'ono kutsinde. Kutalika kwa mitengoyi kumakhala masentimita 1. Msana wapakati ndi wolimba, woboola pakati, wokula pansi, mpaka 1 - 1.5 cm kutalika. Maluwawo ndi otumbululuka achikasu, mpaka 3 cm m'mimba mwake.

Mtengo (Achikuda)

Tsinde ndi lobiriwira, lozungulira. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi tsinde locheperako. Kukula kwake kwa chomera chachikulire kumakhala mpaka masentimita 6 - 7. Minyewa ndi yambiri, yolimba, yomwe imakhala yolimba mpaka tsinde, loyera kapena lachikasu. Nsonga za minga ndizofiirira (kodi pali cacti yopanda minga?). Maluwawo ndi achikulire msinkhu, mpaka 6 - 7 cm m'mimba mwake, wachikasu wonyezimira.

Anayamalikodi

Tsinde lake ndi lobiriwira ndi utoto wa azitona, wozungulira, wosalala pang'ono. Kutalika kwa nkhadze wamkulu mpaka 6 cm, m'mimba mwake -8 - 9 masentimita.Pamwambapa ndi pa pubescent. Ma tubercles ndi akulu, ofotokozedwa bwino, mpaka 2 cm kutalika. Zozungulira zapakati mpaka zidutswa 8. Mitunduyi imakhala yowongoka, imatha kupindika pang'ono, yachikasu ndi utoto wabulauni. Mitengo yapakati siyitchulidwe, nthawi zambiri kulibe. Maluwa ndi apakatikati kukula, mpaka 5 cm m'mimba mwake. Mtundu wa maluwawo ndi wachikasu ndi mzere wofiyira pamakhalawo.

Andrea

Kutalika kwa chomera chachikulire kumafika masentimita 10. Kukula kwake kwa tsinde kumakhala masentimita 8. Timabamputi timakhala tonyezimira, kwakukulu, tofalikira kwambiri. Mitunduyi imakhala yamphamvu, yopindika, yopindika. Maluwawo ndi opangidwa ndi mafelemu, otseguka, mpaka m'mimba mwake masentimita 5 mpaka 6. Maluwawo ndi ambiri, opapatiza, achikaso chowala.

Kodi kusamalira kunyumba?

Kutentha

M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya wa coryphants ndi 22 - 24 ° C. Coryphants a m'chipululu amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 27 - 28 ° C (mutha kuphunzira za m'chipululu cacti apa). M'dzinja, kutentha kwazomwe zili pansi kuyenera kutsitsidwa, duwa likukonzekera kupumula kwachisanu.

Kuthirira

M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, kuthirira kumakhala kosavuta. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa m'dzinja. Kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa kudzera pa tray kapena kumiza. Pambuyo kuthirira, madzi otsala ayenera kuthiridwa nthawi yomweyo, kunyowetsa kwambiri mizu sikuvomerezeka. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa, oyera, kutentha.

Zofunika: Mitundu ya m'chipululu imafunikira chisamaliro chouma ngakhale chilimwe, dothi pakati pa kuthirira liyenera kuuma bwino mpaka masentimita 1 - 2. Zowonjezeranso kuziziritsa mpweya, kupopera mbewu maluwa sikofunikira.

Kuwala

Pofuna kutulutsa maluwa, ma coryphants amafunikira kuyatsa kowala chaka chonse. Miphika iyenera kuyikidwa kum'mwera, mawindo akum'mawa. Zomera zazing'ono kapena zongobzalidwa kumene kuchokera padzuwa lotentha ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nsalu yotchinga, makamaka masana.

Kuyambitsa

Nthaka ya coryphants yokhala ndi minga yolimba kwambiri komanso yolimba iyenera kukhala yamiyala, yopanda thanzi, yopanda ma humus zowonjezera. Nthaka iyenera kudzazidwa mozungulira kolala ndi timiyala kapena miyala yoyera. Ziphatikizidwe zadongo zimatha kuwonjezeredwa munthaka wosakaniza. Kwa mitundu ya steppe, nthaka iyenera kukhala yopsereza, yowala, yotsekedwa, ndikuwonjezera humus ndi zakudya zina.

Kapangidwe ka dothi:

• Leaf humus - 1 tsp
• Dziko la Sod - 1 ora
• Mchenga wonyezimira - 1 tsp
• Miyala (ngalande) - 1 lomweli

Kudulira

Kudulira kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo mukamaika. Kukonza chiwembu:

1. Zimayambira pambuyo pake zimasiyanitsidwa - makanda oberekera.
2. Mizu yowola komanso yovulazidwa imadulidwa pakudza.
3. Nthambi za tsinde lomwe limadwala matenda opatsirana zimadulidwa.

Zofunika: mutadulira, chomeracho chouma mumthunzi pang'ono, malo odulidwa amakhala ndi makala amoto osweka.

Zovala zapamwamba

Coriphant safuna kudyetsa pafupipafupi. Nthaka imakhala ndi umuna mukamabzala ndi organic feteleza - humus, humus. M'ngululu ndi chilimwe, maluwa ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza apadera a cacti ndi okoma. Feteleza amathiridwa kudzera kuthirira kamodzi pamwezi.

Mphika

Chifukwa cha mizu yamphamvu, mphika wa coryphants umasankhidwa wokulirapo kuposa ma cacti ena. Mu mphika wochepetsetsa, maluwawo amayamba kupweteka, maluwa akuchedwa. Pakubzala kulikonse, gwiritsani ntchito mphika wokulirapo wa 2 mpaka 3 cm kuposa wakale. Mpofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera za ceramic. Miphika ya ceramic imayang'anira kutentha kwa nthaka bwino, kuteteza mizu kuti isatenthedwe kwambiri. Pansi pa beseni pamafunika mabowo ngalande kuti atulutse chinyezi chowonjezera.

Tumizani

Kuika kumachitika mchaka, zaka zitatu zilizonse, pomwe muzu umakula. Zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi zowola zimabzalidwa. Mphamvu imasankhidwa kawiri pamutu wa muzu. Nthaka ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda; zidutswa zamakala zimatha kuwonjezeredwa.

Ndondomeko yokometsera:

1. Mosamala, kuti asawononge minga, duwa limachotsedwa mumphika.
2. Mizu yowonongeka imadulidwa, kudula kumakonzedwa ndi malasha osweka.
3. Mizu iyenera kuuma kwa masiku 1 - 2.
4. Ngalande yotsanulira imatsanulira pansi pa mphika. 4 - 5 masentimita.
5. Duwa limasamutsidwa limodzi ndi dothi lapansi.
6. Zakhazikika pamlingo wa kolala yazu.
7. Kuchokera pamwamba, dothi ladzaza ndi miyala.
8. Kutsirira kumachitika masiku 3 - 4.

Nyengo yozizira

M'nyengo yozizira, miphika imasamutsidwa kupita kuchipinda chowuma, chowala. Kutentha - 10 - 12 ° С.

Kutsika kwa kutentha pansi pa 10 ° C kumavulaza njovu.

Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa m'nyengo yozizira kuyimitsidwa, duwa limafunikira kupumula. Pambuyo popumula nthawi yozizira, maluwa amakhala ndi chizolowezi chowala pang'ono.

Zofunika: Pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumayambiranso pambuyo pake. Coryphanta amalowa gawo lokulirapo mochedwa kuposa ma cacti ena.

Makhalidwe a chisamaliro chakunja

Corifant amakonda mpweya wabwino Kunyumba, m'pofunika kutsegula mpweya m'chipindacho. Poyamba kutentha, miphika iyenera kutengedwa kupita ku loggia, khonde. Ikhoza kuikidwa m'munda pansi pa denga, kuteteza ku mvula. Miphikayo imatha kuyikidwa pabedi lokongoletsera pakati pa miyala, pansi pa denga lazitsamba zomwe sizikukula. Coryph akuopa kuzizira; kugwa, miphika iyenera kubweretsedwa mnyumba.

Kubereka

Mbewu

Kufesa mbewu kumachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja. Pofuna kumera mbande, zidebe zazikulu, zazikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kumera kwa mbewu - 80 - 90%. Palibe kubzala mbewu koyenera. Pofuna kuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mbewu zimathiridwa mu yankho la manganese kapena zircon musanafese.

Mchenga, perlite ndi zidutswa zamakala zimawonjezeredwa panthaka. Njira yobzala:

1. Mbewu zimagawidwa mofanana pa nthaka yothira pang'ono.
2. Mbeu zimapanikizidwira pansi.
3. Chidebe chofesa chimakutidwa ndi galasi kapena zojambulazo.
4. Kuunikira kuli kowala.
5. Kutentha kwa mbande kumakhala mpaka 26 - 28 ° С.
6. Mbeu zimera pasanathe milungu iwiri.
7. Kufesa kumalengezedwa tsiku lililonse.
8. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu, kanemayo amachotsedwa.
9. Pakadutsa miyezi 10, mbewu zimakula.

Zofunika: Kutentha kwakukulu usiku kukamera mbande sizilandiridwa.

Mphukira

Mitengo ina imapanga zimayambira pambali. Amasiyanitsidwa mchaka.

Chiwembu chogawa:

1. Tsinde lotsatira limadulidwa mosamala.
2. Mphukira yauma mkati mwa masiku awiri.
3. Tsinde lolekanitsidwa limayikidwa mu mphika wawung'ono wokhala ndi gawo lotsika.
4. Kuthirira pakatha masiku 3 mpaka 4 pomiza.
5. Kuyika mizu kumachitika mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu.

Njira zomwe zimakhala ndi mizu yodziyimira pawokha zimasiyana.

Makhalidwe obereketsa kutchire

M'madera otentha, coriphanta siyibzalidwe pamalo otseguka. Kufesa kwa mbewu kumachitika m'malo osungira zobiriwira komanso malo osungira obiriwira. Mame, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kutentha kwa usiku, madzi amdothi amatsutsana ndi mbande.

Mwachidule za matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

• Kuchokera pakuthira kwa nthaka, tsinde limakhala lamadzi, minga imasiya kuchepa kwake, ndipo nkhungu imawonekera panthaka. Kubzala mwachangu kumafunikira, kusinthira nthaka.
• Tsinde litakwinyika, linayamba kutambasula - ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewu.
• Kuchokera padzuwa lowala, coriphant amatulutsa minga, mawanga amawonekera pa thunthu - amayaka. Ndikofunika mthunzi maluwa.
• Chishango chimachotsedwa pamanja. Tizilombo timayambitsidwa ndi mowa kapena viniga.
• Kwa nthata za kangaude, mealybugs, kupopera madzi ndi sopo kapena kuchiza tsinde ndi phytoverm kumathandiza.

Ngati mukufuna kudziwa zambiri zamtundu wina wa cacti, ndiye patsamba lathu mutha kuwerenga zinthu za Astrophytum, Gymnocalycium, Opuntia, Pereskia, Ripsalidopsis, Ripsalis, Hatioru, Epiphyllum, Echinocactus, Echinopsis.

Maluwa ofanana

1. Corifant ndiyopindika. Tsinde ndi lozungulira, limakula m'magulu, nthambi pansi. Minga yachikasu imamera muchisa. Maluwawo ndi achikasu ndi mthunzi wa mandimu, mpaka 3 - 4 cm m'mimba mwake.
2. Coryphant Hinton ili ndi tsinde lanthambi lalitali masentimita 15. Matumbawa ndi akulu, misana ndi yopepuka, yayitali. Maluwawo ndi achikasu, apakatikati, mpaka 4 cm m'mimba mwake.
3. Coryphanta Hinton zosiyanasiyana "Jeffrey". Tsinde ndi laling'ono, mpaka masentimita awiri mu msinkhu, mawonekedwe a hemispherical. Ma tubercles ndi ma spines ndi ochepa.
4. Coriphant wa Wolshlager. Tsinde ndi lobiriwira lakuda, lalitali, kutalika kwa nkhono wamkulu ndi masentimita 10 mpaka 11. Maluwawo ndi akulu, lalanje ndi utoto wa salimoni.
5. Coryphant Vogter. Tsinde lake ndi lozungulira, masentimita 6 mpaka 7 m'mimba mwake. Timabamputi ndi tolimba, msana ndi wopepuka wokhala ndi nsonga yakuda, yolimba. Maluwawo ndi owala, achikaso chowala.

Chisamaliro choyenera, kuthirira mosamala, kudyetsa munthawi yake, kutsatira momwe moyo wa chomeracho ndichinsinsi ndichokulira ndikukula kwa coryphants.

Onerani kanemayo: Coryphantha Cactus Variegated and Huge! (June 2024).