Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu ya "chisangalalo chachimuna ndi chachikazi", ndipo kodi imatha kuyikidwa limodzi? Chidule cha spathiphyllum ndi mitundu ya anthurium

Wotentha wokhala spathiphyllum ndi mnzake anthurium nthawi zambiri amalimidwa kunyumba. Spathiphyllum amatchedwa "chisangalalo chachikazi" kapena "duwa lachikazi".

Amakhulupirira kuti chifukwa cha chomeracho, atsikana achichepere amapeza atakwatiwa, ndipo akazi okwatiwa adzakhala osangalala muukwati. Malinga ndi chikhulupiriro chomwecho, anthurium amatchedwa "chisangalalo chamwamuna", zomwe zimabweretsa mwayi ndi chisangalalo kwa theka lamwamuna la anthu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mbewu zonse ziwiri zakhala "anzanu osatha" m'minda yamaluwa.

Kulongosola kwa botanical, geography ya malo ndi chiyambi

Spathiphyllum ndi anthurium - inde, kodi ndi mbewu yomweyo kapena ayi? Zonsezi ndi za mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wobiriwira wa banja la Aroid kapena Aronnikov. Gawo logawidwa kwa mbeu zonse ziwiri limayambira ku Central mpaka South America, spathiphyllum imapezekanso ku Old World: Philippines, New Guinea, Palau, Solomon Islands.

Zomera zonsezi zimachitika mosiyanasiyana, momwe ma epiphyte, ma semi-epiphyte, ndi hemiepiphytes amalamulira.... Kumtchire, amakulira pamitengo, amatulutsa mizu yakumlengalenga yomwe imatsikira pansi ndikudya zinyalala za m'nkhalango.

Koma "chisangalalo chachikazi" chimasowa tsinde - masamba amasonkhanitsidwa pagulu molunjika kuchokera m'nthaka, "duwa lamphongo" lili ndi matupi okhwima, makamaka amafupikitsa. Masamba obzala amasiyana mosiyanasiyana: mu spathiphyllum - tsamba limakhala lozungulira kapena lanceolate lokhala ndi mitsempha yapakatikati, mawonekedwe a tsamba limabwereza mawonekedwe a petal; mu anthurium, tsamba limasiyana pamtundu wa petal (spatulate, wokutidwa, ndi nsonga za obtuse), limakhala ndi maziko ozama ndipo limakhala ndi mafuta obiriwira.

Ma inflorescence (makutu) a spathiphyllum amakhala ndi mithunzi kuchokera kubiriwirako mpaka yoyera ndi mawonekedwe a elong-elliptical. Anthurium imadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisononkho: chowoneka bwino, chovutitsa, chowzungulira; wofiira, pinki, lalanje, wofiirira kapena woyera, kapena kuphatikiza kwake. Maluwa a "chisangalalo chachimuna" ndi okhwima komanso wandiweyani.

Mayina azomera zonse ziwiri amachokera pakuphatikizika kwa mawu awiri achi Greek. Spathiphyllum: "spata" - chophimba, "phillum" - tsamba; anthurium - "anthos" - mtundu, "oura" - mchira. M'mabuku ofotokozera zamankhwala mayina achi Latin akuwonetsedwa: Spathiphyllum and Anthúrium.

Malangizo! Chifukwa cha maluwa oyera, spathiphyllum amatchedwanso "seil yoyera", ndipo anthurium, chifukwa cha utoto wowala wamaluwa komanso kufanana kwa mawonekedwe a maluwa ndi chisomo cha mbalame, adatchedwa "maluwa a flamingo". Anthurium ili ndi dzina lina lotchedwa - "duwa la sera", lopatsidwa kukongoletsa kwambiri, komwe kumafanana ndi maluwa opanga.

Spathiphyllum idapezeka m'ma 70s m'zaka za zana la 19 ndi katswiri wazomera waku Germany H. Wallis m'nkhalango za Ecuador... Anthurium anapezedwa nthawi yomweyo ndi katswiri wazomera ku France E.F. Andre paulendo wopita ku South America.

Polemekeza ofufuza onse awiri, mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya zomerazi idatchulidwa pambuyo pake.

Chithunzi

Kuphatikiza apo pachithunzichi mutha kuwona momwe anthurium amawonekera, chisangalalo chamwamuna, ndi mnzake spathiphyllum, chisangalalo chachikazi, okhalamo otentha awa omwe akhala maluwa amkati.

Izi ndi anthurium:

Ndipo ichi ndi spathiphyllum:

Mu chithunzi chotsatira, mutha kuwona momwe maluwawo amawonekera mukasamalidwa bwino.

Kodi ndizololedwa kuyiyika pafupi?

Popeza kuti spathiphyllum komanso anthurium okongola amapanga toni yofananira ndikuwoneka bwino pafupi wina ndi mnzake, funso loti mwina ndizotheka kusunga maluwa awa pafupi limasowa palokha. Ngakhale alimi ena "amabzala" maluwa chifukwa cha anthu okonda kuwala komanso kufunika kokhala ndi shading ya spathiphyllum.

Kodi mungabzale limodzi mumphika umodzi?

Ngakhale zamatsenga zodziwika bwino, odziwa bwino zamaluwa samalimbikitsa kukulitsa mbewu mumphika umodzi, popeza amafunika kubzala ndi kukonza mosiyanasiyana (zofunikira zosiyanasiyana kuthirira ndi kuyatsa, nthaka yobzala spathiphyllum ndi anthurium ndiyosiyana) ndipo mwina sizingagwirizane. Ndi kuthekera kwakukulu, "maluwa" amphongo kwambiri komanso olimba sangalole kuti mizu ya "wamkazi" ikule bwino, ndipo omalizirayo adzafa.

Mitundu ya spathiphyllum ndi anthurium

Pali mitundu pafupifupi 45 ya spathiphyllum, yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi:

• Kusankha - masamba ndi maluwa amatalikirana, peduncle ndi yobiriwira. "Maluwa achikazi" osadzichepetsa kwambiri.
• Cupid - amaonekera ndi ma petioles akulu m'munsi. Siphulika kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo imapanga ma peduncles ochepa; Amayamikiridwa ndi mtundu wonyezimira wa maluwa.
• Zambiri - Kutali ndi maluwa ochuluka kuyambira Marichi mpaka Okutobala.
• Wallis - kakulidwe kakang'ono kamene kamakhala "mayi" wa mitundu yambiri.
• Mauna loa - mitundu yosakanikirana kwambiri yomwe imamasula pafupifupi chaka chonse; duwa lili ndi khutu lokongola la beige.

Anthurium ndiye mtundu wambiri kwambiri wabanja lawo, ndipo uli ndi mitundu yoposa 900. Odziwika kwambiri:

• Andre - amatha pachimake kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka chaka chathunthu. Mitundu ndi hybrids zimasiyana kutalika, mawonekedwe ndi mithunzi yambiri yachikaso, lalanje, yofiira komanso mitundu ingapo.
• Crystal - amasiyana ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi mitsempha yoyera ndi chithokomiro chachikasu.
• Scherzer - kakulidwe kakang'ono (mpaka 30 cm), kodziwika ndi chisononkho chosazolowereka chopindika.
• Dakota - mitundu yotchuka, yosafunikira kwenikweni
• Kukwera - amapanga mphukira zazitali (ngati ma liana) okhala ndi masamba obulunda-oval, amakhala ndi khutu loyera

Werengani zambiri zamitundu ndi mitundu ya anthurium apa.

Kuyerekeza ndi chisamaliro chapanyumba

Chisamaliro	Spathiphyllum	Anthurium
Kutentha	Chilimwe + 21-22 °, chisanu + 13-16 °	Chilimwe + 25-30 °, nyengo yozizira 16-20 °
Kuthirira	Kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu zambiri m'chilimwe, m'nyengo yozizira pang'ono	Kuthirira pang'ono - kamodzi pamlungu chilimwe, m'nyengo yozizira milungu iliyonse 2-3
Kuyatsa	Penumbra, kuwala kofalikira	Malo owala, opanda dzuwa
Kudulira	Peduncle imachotsedwa pambuyo maluwa; masamba owuma, akale ndi odwala amachotsedwa	Zofanana ndi spathiphyllum
Kuyambitsa	Nthaka yofooka kwambiri: sod, tsamba, peat, nthaka ya humus ndi mchenga wokhala ndi ngalande	Gawo lotayirira la dothi la coniferous, masamba obiriwira komanso peat, pamwamba pake pamayikidwa ndi moss, pansi pake pali ngalande
Zovala zapamwamba	Manyowa amadzimadzi a aroids panthawi yokula (Marichi-Seputembala), milungu iliyonse 2-3	Nthawi 1 pamwezi chilimwe, ndi feteleza wa maluwa okongola
Tumizani	Zaka 3-5 zilizonse kumayambiriro kwa masika	Zaka 2-3 zilizonse, mchaka
Mphika	Dothi kapena mphika wapulasitiki. Mphika wolimba woyenera kukula kwa mbewu	Lonse (lokhala ndi malo okula mizu), koma osati lakuya, dongo, galasi, kapena mphika wapulasitiki
Nyengo yozizira	Nthawi yayitali kuyambira Novembala mpaka February	Amafuna kuyatsa kowonjezera m'nyengo yozizira
Kusamalira mutagula	Kupanga zinthu zanyumba wowonjezera kutentha (kuphimba ndi thumba) chinyezi chambiri m'mwezi woyamba	Kuika pompopompo mutagula ndikuchotsa dothi losakaniza ndi mizu yosakwanira

Werengani zambiri zakusamalira anthurium munkhaniyi.

Kusiyana

Ganizirani momwe zomera zimasiyanirana.

Kubereka

Spathiphyllum imaberekanso makamaka ndi kudula kapena kugawa tchire, kawirikawiri mbewu. Anthurium imafalikira pogawa tchire, kuzika mizu pambali, kulekanitsa ndikumera muzu, cuttings komanso kuchokera ku mbewu.

Pachimake

Spathiphyllum imayamba pachimake masika, inflorescence imatha miyezi 1.5-2. Mitundu ina imaphukanso nthawi yakugwa. Spathiphyllum ilibe fungo kapena ndiyopepuka komanso yosasokoneza. Maluwa a "chisangalalo chachikazi" amakhala oyera kwambiri, pakhoza kukhala mitundu yomwe imakhala ndi ubweya wobiriwira.

Anthurium imatha kuphulika kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Novembala popanga microclimate yoyenera... Mitundu yonse ya antarium fungo. Maluwa a "chisangalalo cha munthu" amadabwitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mithunzi, nthawi zambiri mitundu yomwe imapatsa maluwa ofiira ofiira imakula kunyumba.

Zofunika! Nthawi yamaluwa, sikulangizidwa kuti mutenge madzi pazomera za inflorescence, apo ayi maluwawo amatha kudwala ndikufa.

Matenda

Masamba a Spathiphyllum amakonda chlorosis ndi hommosis. Masamba a Anthurium atengeka ndi septoria, anthracosis (yoyambitsidwa ndi matenda a fungus), fusarium wilt, dzimbiri, powdery mildew ndi bronzing virus (yoyambitsidwa ndi matenda omwe amachitika ndi thrips). Matenda a Anthurium samachiritsa, chomeracho chikuyenera kuwonongedwa.

Ngati malamulo a chisamaliro satsatiridwa, zomera zonse ziwiri zimadziwika ndi:

1. kuoneka kwa mizu yovunda;
2. mawonekedwe a masamba;
3. chikasu, kuyanika m'mbali;
4. kusintha kwa mtundu wa tsamba.

Werengani zambiri za matenda ndi tizilombo toononga apa.

Ndi chiyani china chomwe mungakulire nawo m'chipinda chimodzi?

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kulima mbewu zina zilizonse m'chidebe chomwecho ndi anthurium kapena spathiphyllum... Pazenera limodzi, limodzi ndi anthurium, zomera zotentha ndi zokonda zidzakhazikika, mwachitsanzo:

• aphelandra;
• coleus;
• sankhetia;
• dieffenbachia ndi ena.

M'malo mwake, zomera zomwe zimakonda mthunzi ndi chinyezi zidzakhala malo oyandikana nawo ngati ma spathiphyllums,

• dracaena;
• buluu;
• mkazi wonenepa;
• ficus;
• fern ndi ena ambiri.

Chenjezo! Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti msuzi wazomera zonse ziwiri ndi wowopsa, choncho pewani kulumikizana ndi khungu ndi zomera zina.

Spathiphyllum ndi chomera chocheperako komanso chopanda tanthauzo kuposa anthurium. "Duwa lachikazi" limasinthasintha ndipo limatha kukhalanso m'malo achilengedwe. "Chisangalalo chachimuna", chimakhalanso chosangalatsa kwambiri kuchokera pamalingaliro okongoletsera - chili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mithunzi ndi mawonekedwe achilendo a maluwa ndi masamba.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwonere kanema yodziwitsa za spathiphyllum ndi anthurium:

Onerani kanemayo: Four KODI Addons to Checkout for September 2020 (September 2024).