Kodi mukudziwa momwe cacti amakulira? Nanga bwanji ngati duwa silikukula?

Botanist F. Hernandez anayamba kubweretsa zojambula za cactus mu 1535, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo, mafashoni azomera zakunja kuchokera ku America afalikira mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi. Pofika m'zaka za zana la 18, mitundu 24 ya zomera zachilendo izi idadziwika. Mpaka pano, mafashoniwa sanadutse, koma tsopano mitundu yoposa 1200 imadziwika.

Mukamakula cacti kunyumba, wolima novice amafunika kuganizira momwe mitundu ina imakulira mwachangu, kuti mukamabzala zisasokonezane ndikuwoneka okongola ngati abzalidwa mumphika umodzi. Tikukuwuzani chifukwa chake chiweto chanu chobiriwira sichikukula komanso momwe mungathandizire m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi chomeracho chimakula mwachangu kunyumba?

Timalingalira mtundu wa nkhadze.

Mukamagula mbewu, kumbukirani kusunga chizindikirocho ndi dzina lachiwonekere.

Kukula kwake kumadalira mtundu wa nkhadze... Simungayembekezere kukula mwachangu kuchokera ku nkhadze yomwe imakula mpaka 1 sentimita. Chitsanzo cha nyerere zazing'ono kwambiri ndi Blossfeldia. Osabzala ndi cacti yayikulu. Chitsanzo china cha chomera chomwe chimakula pang'onopang'ono ndi ariocactus, kapena amatchedwanso "miyala yamoyo". Amafuna zaka pafupifupi 50 kuti akule mpaka masentimita 10-12.

Chomera cha ampel, ndibwino kuchibzala mumphika wosiyana kuti zimayikenso zizitsika mwaulere, mwachitsanzo, aporocatus wopangidwa ndi chikwapu kapena disocactus (za aporocactus zafotokozedwa pano). Komanso kuchokera ku cacti wopachikidwa mdziko lathu, Schlumberg cactus ndiyotchuka, kapena momwe amatchulidwira anthu wamba - Decembrist. Masamba atsopano amagawanika 2-3 pachaka, ndiye kuti, pafupifupi masentimita 2-4 pachaka.

Ngati mukufuna kulima nkhadze yayikulu, ndiye kuti peyala yabwino ndiyabwino... Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri za cacti (mutha kuphunzira za peyala yamtengo wapatali ndi agave pano, ndipo za peyala yoyipa ikufotokozedwa munkhaniyi). Straistocactus ya Strauss imakulanso mwachangu ndikufika kutalika mpaka mita imodzi. Cacti wokula msanga - polaskia, marshallocereus, cereus, pachycereus ndi zomera zina zonga mitengo. Amatha kukhala zitsanzo zazikulu m'zaka zisanu; atha kuwonjezera mpaka masentimita khumi pachaka.

Palibe cacti yayikulu yozungulira.

Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani chiweto chokomera sichichulukirachulukira komanso zoyenera kuchita pankhaniyi?

Kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa nkhadze kumatha kubwera chifukwa chazovuta zake. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa zofunikira pakukula bwino.

• Kuyatsa... "Ana" a cacti sakonda kuwala kwadzuwa. M'malo mwake, wamkulu cacti amakonda malo owala bwino okhala ndi dzuwa lambiri. Saopa dzuwa.

  Kwa nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kuyika mbewu kumwera. Mitundu ina, dzuwa lowala limalimbikitsa maluwa. Cacti sakonda kuyikidwa kumbuyo kwa chipinda: makabati, matebulo kapena mashelufu. Kupanda kuwala kumapha pang'onopang'ono mbewuyo.

• Kuyambitsa... Zomera sizimakonda nthaka yachonde. M'malo otere, cacti amatha kuvunda kapena kuwumba. Mchenga amawonjezeredwa panthaka yotereyi mpaka 50 peresenti. M'chaka choyamba zisankho 8 zimachitika, mchaka chachiwiri zosankha 2-3 zimachitika.

  Anzanu akuthwa safuna dothi lambiri - masentimita 3-4 ndi okwanira, popeza ali ndi mizu yaying'ono. Musaiwale kukhetsa pafupifupi 1 sentimita.

• Kuthirira... Kwa mbewu zazikulu, kuthirira kumakhala kotentha mchilimwe, kuthirira kumachepa nthawi yozizira (mumitundu ina, imayimitsidwa palimodzi).
• Zovala zapamwamba.
  1. Zomera zomwe zili ndi mizu yowonongeka siziyenera kudyetsedwa, mwachitsanzo, atangobzala.
  2. Simungathe kuthira feteleza cactus atagona (mwina nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe), nthaka panthawiyi imakhala yonyowa kwa nthawi yayitali.
  3. Ndi bwino kuchepetsa feteleza amchere ndi madzi osungunuka.
  4. Nyengo yabwino kuthirira feteleza ndi mitambo.
• Miphika... Gulani miphika yotambalala, koma osati yakuya. Mwambiri, minga iyi imakonda kuokeredwa kamodzi pachaka. Izi zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu ndi nkhadze yokha.

Kodi kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda?

Nthawi zina cactus "amaundana" ndipo samakula kwa nthawi yayitali. Poterepa, mumuyang'anire tizirombo ndi matenda. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri ndikuwononga mizu. Muzimutsuka mizu, kuwakonza ndi kudzala mbewu m'nthaka yatsopano, mutha kuyatsa moto mu uvuni.

Matenda ofala kwambiri:

1. Phytophthora... Gawo lowonongeka limatha kudula, kuwaza ndi phulusa, louma.
2. Youma zowola... Pafupifupi osachizidwa, kupewa kokha ndikotheka - chithandizo ndi fungicides.
3. Dzimbiri lowala... Pofuna kumenya nkhondo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa Topaz kapena Bordeaux osakaniza.
4. Tsinde lawola... Amawoneka pazomera zazing'ono; Zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa nthawi zambiri zimachotsedwa.
5. Fusarium... Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndikuphimba kofiirira kapena kofiirira pazitsulo za chomeracho. Zomera zodwala zimawonongedwa.

Ndi tizirombo ziti zomwe zingayambike:

• Kangaude... Mawanga ofiira, abulauni kapena imvi amawonekera. Kuti awonongeke, acaricides ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (decoctions wa adyo ndi anyezi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupaka zimayambira) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Mealybugs... Amatha kuwoneka ndi maso, kuphatikiza mazira ngati mipira ya thonje. Tizilombo timachotsedwa ndi burashi kapena tweezers. Chomeracho chimachiritsidwa ndi kulowetsedwa mowa mwa adyo. kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo apadera.
• Muzu mphutsi... White pachimake pa mizu. Chithandizo cha nthaka ndi karbofos chimathandiza.

Werengani zambiri za matenda a cactus ndi tizirombo apa.

Nchifukwa chiyani maluwawo amatambasula osati mulifupi?

Nthawi zina, mtengowo umatambasukira kumtunda, osati m'lifupi. Izi si zabwino kwa chomeracho. Izi mwina ndizotsatira za fetereza wochulukirapo (makamaka kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni). Poterepa, ingoyesani kubzala duwa lina, kumbukirani kuwonjezera mchenga m'nthaka.

Maluwa amamva chikondi chathu ndi chisamaliro chathu... Spiky panja, abwenzi athu obiriwira amakhala odekha mkati. Osasiya ziweto zanu, muziwasamalira, ndipo aziwathokoza ndikukula mwachangu komanso maluwa okongola!

Onerani kanemayo: Allan Ngumuya - Cholimbitsa Mtima (September 2024).