Njira yachilendo yofalitsa maluwa ndi njira ya burrito. Ubwino ndi kuipa, malangizo ndi sitepe ndi mavuto omwe angakhalepo

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Kubereketsa maluwa molingana ndi njira ya burrito ndi njira yofalitsa (cuttings), momwe mizu imapangira cuttings pomakulunga mu nyuzipepala yonyowa. Dzinalo la njirayi limachokera ku liwu la ku Mexico lodyera lofanana kwambiri ndi shawarma.

Amakhala ndi keke lathyathyathya, amene zosiyanasiyana akhuta. Udindo wa "keke" wotere umaseweredwa ndi nyuzipepala yonyowa, ndipo "kudzazidwa" ndi kudula kwa maluwa komwe kumafunika kuyika mizu. Mkati mwa mtolowu, zinthu zabwino zimapangidwa kuti apange mapangidwe ake. Ndikokula koyera kwamaselo apaderadera pamwamba pocheka. Ndi ofanana ndi maselo amphongo, popeza minofu iliyonse imatha kupangidwa kuchokera mtsogolo. Pankhani ya cuttings, mizu imakula kuchokera pa callus pakapita nthawi.

Ubwino wa njira yachilendo ya cuttings

Poyerekeza ndi njira zina, kuchuluka kwa mizu pa cuttings ndikokwera kwambiri. Zovuta kuzula mitundu ndizosavuta kufalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.
Kutha kuwongolera rooting zowoneka. Ichi ndi chophatikiza chachikulu poyerekeza ndi njira yomwe zodulidwazo zimabzalidwa pansi nthawi yomweyo. Apa pali mwayi wowunika momwe mizu ikukula, ndikuponya cuttings omwe asokonekera pakapita nthawi.
Nthawi iliyonse, mutha kulowererapo ndikupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti, sinthani chinyezi, ventilate cuttings, pangani njira yabwino kwambiri yotentha.
Njirayi imathandizira kukula mbande za duwa pakati pa nthawi yozizira.

Zovuta

Kudula kwakukulu kwa cuttings kumachitika ndendende panthawi yomwe amaika panthaka... Izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti poyamba sizimasinthidwa pansi. Chifukwa chake, zodula zonse kapena zochuluka kwambiri zimatha kumasula mizu, koma ndi gawo limodzi lokha lomwe lidzazike mutabzala pansi.

Kodi muyenera kusankha liti njira iyi liti?

Vuto lalikulu ndikusankha zinthu zoyenera kubzala. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yachilimwe njirayi siyigwiritsidwe ntchito, popeza maluwa a maluwa sanakhwime, ali ndi khungwa lowonda, sangapirire kukhala mu nyuzipepala yonyowa ndipo adzaola.

Zabwino kwambiri Maluwa achi Dutch omwe atenga nthawi yayitali sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzala... Choncho, musathamangire kudula maluwa omwe akudulidwayo. Maluwa amenewa sanasinthidwe nyengo yathu. Ngakhale atakhala ndi mwayi ndipo amatulutsa mizu, sazika mizu panthaka. Kuti mumve zambiri ngati zingatheke kudula mphatso kapena kugula duwa, ndi momwe mungachitire izi, pezani patsamba lina.

Njirayi ndi yoyenera kufalitsa maluwa m'munda mwanu, kapena mutha kufunsa cuttings kuchokera kwa wamaluwa omwe mumawadziwa. Ndiye kuti, kuti aberekane mwanjira yachilendo, ma burritos ndi mitundu yoyenera yomwe imasinthidwa kukhala nyengo yathu ndipo imalekerera nyengo yozizira bwino.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka

Cuttings m'dzinja:

Pambuyo kudulira maluwa kugwa, pali zocheka zambiri zomwe siziyenera kutayidwa, zimatha kusandulika tchire latsopano pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.
Ndi nthawi yophukira momwe mtundu wa cuttings umakhala wabwino kwambiri, popeza adakhwima, ali ndi khungwa lalikulu kwambiri.
Pali nthawi yayitali, popeza pofika masika cuttings mwina idzazika mizu. M'nyengo yotentha, azika mizu bwino, chifukwa chake amatha kupilira nyengo yozizira, bola ngati atetezedwa bwino ku chisanu.
Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito njirayi ku cuttings odulidwa koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira, kungakhale kofunikira kuwabzala m'miphika, popeza adatulutsa mizu, koma kubzala pamalo otseguka ndikumayambiriro kwambiri.
Ngati mukufuna, cuttings yophukira sangathe kuzika nthawi yomweyo, koma amasungidwa m'firiji, wokutidwa ndi pepala louma ndi thumba la pulasitiki lokhala ndi mabowo. Ngati pali zodulira zambiri, zimayikidwa mu katoni ndikusungidwa pakhonde kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, ngati sizimaundana nthawi yozizira (werengani momwe mungasungire cuttings athanzi nthawi yonse yachisanu pano).

Tidalemba za mawonekedwe apadera a maluwa odulira ndi kuzika mizu ya maluwa kugwa m'nkhani ina.

M'nyengo yozizira:

Mitundu yamaluwa yomachedwa, yomwe imafalikira pachilimwe chonse ndi theka loyamba la nthawi yophukira, imadulidwa ndi wamaluwa ena kumapeto kwa Novembala, kapena koyambirira kwa dzinja. Mitengo iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira burrito.
Izi ndizowona makamaka kumadera omwe nyengo yotentha imakhala yopanda chipale chofewa koyambirira kwa Disembala, kapena mwezi wonse woyamba wachisanu.
Pofika masika, cuttings iyenera kuzula bwino.
Palibe chiopsezo chochepa choti atulutse mizu yayikulu kwambiri kotero kuti adzabzalidwe miphika kunyumba ndikuiyika panthaka masika. Zima cuttings mwina kudikira mpaka masika, pamene iwo anabzala yotseguka pansi mu malo okhazikika.

Momwe mungapangire maluwa a maluwa m'nyengo yozizira, komanso kuzika maluwa mu chipinda ndikubzala pansi, zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pano.

M'chaka:

Mphukira zakale zokha zokha zimatengedwa ngati cuttings.
Akamasula mizu, nthawi yomweyo amabzalidwa pansi, palibe chifukwa chokulira mumiphika mnyumba.

Chenjezo! Zodula zomwe zagwilitsila nchito mwina zitha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zobisika za matenda ndi kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kukoka kumakhala kopitilira muyeso kuposa nthawi yodzaza nthawi yophukira pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Gawo ndi tsatane malangizo

Kukonzekera zowerengera... Chowombera chakuthwa, choyera kapena mpeni chimafunika. Mufunikanso manyuzipepala ndi matumba apulasitiki.
Kudula cuttings... Kutalika kwa cuttings kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 20 cm, ndipo makulidwe ayenera kukhala 4-5 mm, ndiye kuti, kukula kwa pensulo. Ayenera kukhala ndi masamba osachepera atatu. Amadulidwa kuchokera pakati pa mphukira. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane cuttings kuti akhale ndi makungwa osawonongeka. Ngati ali ndi zowola, mawanga, sioyenera kuberekana. Ma petioles onse ndi masamba amachotsedwa ku cuttings odulidwa.
Kukula kwa cuttings ndikofunika kwambiri, simungatenge pang'ono kapena kufupikitsa kuposa kukula kwake. Ayenera kukhala ndi michere yokwanira yozika mizu, apo ayi amangouma.
Processing cuttings... Ngati awa ndi odulidwa a nthawi yophukira, ndipo amasungidwa kwakanthawi mufiriji kapena pakhonde, muyenera kusintha mdulidwewo ndi mpeni wakuthwa.
Mu mbale yokhala ndi madzi osefera kutentha, kukonzekera kumadzipukutira kuti kukonzekeretse mizu pamlingo womwe ukuwonetsedwa phukusili. The cuttings amamizidwa mu gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwake ndikusungidwa kwa maola 6. Ngati sizingatheke kugula mankhwalawa, amatha kusinthidwa ndi madzi a aloe osungunuka m'madzi mu 1: 9 ratio, kapena uchi (supuni ya tiyi pa 0,5 l madzi).
Pambuyo pake, tengani cuttings ndi kukonzekera fungicidal kuti musatenge mwayi wopanga bowa.
Kunyamula nyuzipepala ndi thumba... Zodula zimatengedwa mu zidutswa 4-7 ndikukulungidwa munyuzipepala yopindidwa m'magawo angapo. Manga kwathunthu, m'mbali sayenera kuyang'ana kunja. Kenako nyuzipepalayi iyenera kunyowetsedwa ndi madzi kuti izinyowa, koma osagwa. Madzi owonjezera ayenera kutuluka m'nyuzipepala. Pambuyo pake, mtolowo wokutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki. Ngati manyuzipepala palibe, matawulo amakalasi amatha kusinthidwa.
Kudikirira ndikuwona zotsatira... Mitolo yokhala ndi cuttings imasungidwa pamalo ozizira, pomwe kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala + 14-18 °. Ulamuliro wotenthawu ndiwothandiza kwambiri pakupanga ma callus. Ngati nyumbayo ndi yotentha, ndibwino kuti musungire phukusi kwina.
Ayenera kufufuzidwa kamodzi pa sabata. Nyuzipepalayi imafotokozedwa mosamala ndipo ma cuttings amawunika. Ngati nkhungu kapena zowola zikuyamba kupanga, tulutsani phukusi lonse. Ngati ndi kotheka, nyuzipepalayi iyenera kunyowetsedwa; siyiyenera kuloledwa kuyanika kwathunthu. Milungu iwiri iliyonse iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi fungicide.
Callus amapezeka m'masabata 2-4. Idzawonekera pomwepo, imawoneka ngati mikanda pamwamba pa cuttings, yomwe mizu yake imapanga.
Kubzala kunamera cuttings... Pambuyo pakuwoneka kwathunthu kwamitengo ndi mizu yoyamba, zidutswazo zimabzalidwa m'modzi m'miphika yaying'ono kapena mitsuko. Ndi bwino kugula nthaka yapadera, yomwe imapangidwira maluwa.
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kubzala kudula kuti mphukira yam'mwamba ikwere pamwamba panthaka, ndipo zotsalazo zikhale pansi.
Mtsuko kapena mphika uyenera kunyamulidwa m'thumba, ndikupanga zotsatira zakusamba kwamadzi. Kutentha m'chipindacho kuyenera kukhala osachepera + 23 ° kuti zidutswazo zizike mizu. Phukusi lokhala ndi zotumphukira liyenera kutsegulidwa pafupipafupi, mpweya wokwanira, kupopera ndi kuthirira. Simungasandutse dothi kukhala matope osayanika, koma kuyanika kwathunthu panthaka kudzatsogolera kuimfa kwa kudula. Pamene cuttings amakula, phukusi limatsegulidwa pang'ono.
Kukulitsa mbande... Zodula zomwe zimazika miphika zimabzalidwa pamalo otseguka kumapeto kwa masika, pomwe chisanu chausiku chimatsimikizika kutha. Kutchulidwa. Ngati masika odulira masika amafalikira ndi njira ya burrito, pambuyo pake mizu ikawoneka, imatha kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo pamalo otseguka ndikuphimbidwa ndi kanema, ndikukonza wowonjezera kutentha.
Malowa ayenera kukhala otetezedwa ndi mphepo, ngakhale, kuti madzi amvula asadzaze mbande. Mutha kuyika fetereza m'mabowo obzala. Musanabzala, zimayambira za mbande zimadulidwa, kusiya masamba 3-4. Mutabzala, mbande ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndikuwaza utuchi. Ndikofunikanso kuwaphimba iwo kuchokera padzuwa lotentha. Pambuyo pakusintha m'nthaka, kukula kwa mbande kumayamba m'masiku 10-15.
Kusamaliranso mbewu zazing'ono... Pambuyo pa kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono ndi 12-15 masentimita, zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wapadera wa maluwa ndi mafupipafupi ndi mlingo womwe ukuwonetsedwa phukusili. M'chaka choyamba, tchire laling'ono liyenera kuzika mizu, chifukwa chake sayenera kuloledwa kuphuka, izi zimatenga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku chomeracho. Ngati masamba awonekera, ayenera kudulidwa nthawi yomweyo. M'dzinja, muyenera kupereka tchire lachinyamata ndi malo odalirika m'nyengo yozizira.

Mavuto ndi zovuta

Callus imapangidwa, koma ndondomekoyi imasiya, cuttings amafa - chifukwa chake chimakhala chotsika kwambiri.
Cuttings amauma kapena amauma - kutentha kwa firiji ndikokwera kwambiri.
Cuttings amavunda - nyuzipepala imanyowa kwambiri, kutentha ndi chinyezi mchipinda ndizokwera.
Matenda a fungal kapena bakiteriya a cuttings - palibe mankhwala ophera fungicide omwe adachitidwa.
Mitengo yomwe idabzalidwa pansi idavunda ndikufa - nthaka ndi yolimba kwambiri, yosayenera maluwa, yomwe imalepheretsa mpweya kufikira mizu.

Njira zina

Kumera kwa mizu pa cuttings wa maluwa powayika m'madzi. Callus imapangidwa pambuyo pa masiku 15-20 okhala nthawi zonse m'madzi, omwe amasinthidwa masiku awiri aliwonse amadzi abwino.
Kubereka mwa kuyala - nthambi ya duwa, yomwe ili pafupi ndi nthaka, imapanikizidwa, kudula ndikuikidwa m'manda. Pofika chaka chamawa, imapanga mizu yake.
Kubalana mu mbatata - cuttings odulidwa ali munakhala mu mbatata ndipo anawonjezera dropwise. Izi zimawapatsa zakudya ndi chinyezi mpaka mizu ikayamba.

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