Timabereka zokometsera: mawonekedwe osamalira ndi kubereka kunyumba

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Clivia ndi nthumwi yaying'ono yazomera zobiriwira zobiriwira zochokera kubanja la Amaryllis. Kumtchire, imamera pagombe lakumadzulo kwa South Africa. Pali mitundu itatu yokha yamtunduwu pakati pawo komanso m'nyumba. Maluwa otentha a kaffir kakombo adayamba kalekale pazenera, ndipo amakondedwa ndi olima maluwa. Wachibale wa m'chiuno, ilibe babu ndipo safuna nthawi yopuma. Zomera zobiriwira sizimafuna chisamaliro chapadera, zimamasula m'nyengo yozizira.

Kodi ndizovuta kusamalira mkazi wokongola wokhala ndi maluwa ooneka ngati belu wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira?

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a kakombo wa kaffir

Clivia kapena kaffir kakombo ndi chomera chobiriwira chopanda chopanda m'nyumba. Ali ndi masamba obiriwira otanuka a xiphoid. Kutalika kwawo ndi 40-75 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi 5.5-8 cm.

Amapanga tsinde labodza. Amapangidwa ndi masamba oyambira, ophimba molimba ndikupanga rosette. Peduncle ili ndi m'mbali mwa nthiti. Chomera chachikulire chimakhala ndi zingapo. Kutalika kwake ndi 20-40 cm.

Phukusi lopangidwa ndi ambulera limapangidwa pa peduncle, lopangidwa ndi maluwa khumi ndi awiri mpaka makumi atatu, ofanana ndi mabelu. Makulidwe awo ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Amamasula pang'onopang'ono. Kutalika kwamaluwa ndi masabata atatu. Pamapeto pake, zipatso zidzapanga - mabulosi.

Mawonekedwe:

Clivia ili ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono, kokoma kwambiri, ndipo mizu yake ndi yolimba komanso yolimba.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magawo onse azomera pazolinga zamankhwala, koma kutsatira malamulo ena.
Masamba ndi mizu imakhala ndi licorin. Chifukwa chake, ndi owopsa. Munthu akapatsidwa poizoni, malovu amawonjezeka, kusanza kumatseguka komanso ziwalo zimayamba. Mukamaika, samalani.
Nthawi yosakhalitsa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe alimi ayenera kuwona akamakulira nyumba kunyumba.
Ngati zinthu zili bwino, duwa limaphuka kawiri pachaka.
Ngati chomeracho chikufalikira, simungasunthire mphikawo pazenera lina kapena kutembenuza.
Zowonongeka sizingasinthidwe, ndipo ngati mungachite izi, pokhapokha mizu ikatuluka m'mabowo.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji moyenera?

Olima minda ambiri ali ndi chidwi ndi momwe angasamalire chomera ichi. Clivia ndiosavuta kusamalira kuposa ma orchid osowa. Chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha malo oyenera pazenera, pomwe mungayike mphika ndikuuthirira munthawi yake.

Kutentha, kuyatsa, chinyezi

Chomeracho chimakula bwino ngati kutentha kwapanyumba kuli pang'ono. Ikangotha, siyani kudyetsa ndikuchotsani mphikawo pamalo pomwe kuzizizira - + 15⁰С.

Clivia sangayime ndi dzuwa. Mphikawo umayikidwa pazenera loyang'ana kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo, koma ndi kuloledwa kowala kuchokera ku cheza cha dzuwa. Mutha kutengera pansewu - kumunda, koma malinga ndi zomwe zanenedwa pamwambapa. Chinyezi chamlengalenga chimasungidwa ndikupopera kuchokera kubotolo la utsi kapena kupukuta masamba.

Kukula pakhomo

Momwe mungakulire kukongola koteroko? Malo omwe duwa limakula samasinthidwa nthawi yamaluwa. Kupanda kutero, "zipweteka". Pofuna kupewa kupsinjika, sankhani malo a mphika mosamala kwambiri. Clivia samaikidwa pafupipafupi.
Pamaso kumuika, amaganizira mosamala ngati pakufunika kutero? Kuika kulikonse ndi ntchito yomwe imamupweteka kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri amaidula pamene mphika wakale wachitsulo umakhala wopanikiza kale. Nthawi zina amalima amalima mumtsuko waukulu kuti asapatseke msanga. Chisankhochi mwina ndicholondola, koma musayembekezere maluwa oyamba posachedwa.

Mutagula zokongoletsa pamalo ogulitsa maluwa, ndibwino kuti muziyika msanga posachedwa. Mukamabzala, mizu siidakwiriridwa pansi. Masamba onse ayenera kukhala pamwamba panthaka. Chomeracho chidzakula msanga posakanikirana mopepuka komanso mopepuka kuchokera ku dothi lamundawo, mchenga ndi peat mu 2: 1: 1 ratio.

Osati onse olima ali ndi mwayi wopanga nthaka kusakaniza. Poterepa, amagula zosakaniza zopangidwa ndi asidi zosapangika bwino. Zigawo zikuluzikulu mmenemo ndi peat, makungwa a mitengo, perlite, vermiculite, makala.

Clivia imafalikira pogawa tchire kapena mbewu ikatha maluwa. Chitsambacho chimagawidwa ali ndi zaka 4-5. Adapanga kale njira zamwana wamkazi ndi masamba 4-5 pamthambi. Amasiyanitsidwa mosamala ndi chiberekero, kenako iliyonse imabzalidwa mumphika wosiyana.

Chomera chozikidwa chimafunika chisamaliro chosamalitsa. Amathiriridwa kawirikawiri ndi pang'ono kuti mizu isayambe kuvunda. Kufalitsa mbewu ndi njira yovuta kwambiri. Mbeu zimakololedwa kuchokera ku chomera chachikulire chomwe chitha kutha ndikufota. Mbande sizimayankha bwino pakukonzanso.

Momwe mungapangire pachimake?

Sikuti zonse zimamasula. Nthawi zina ovary samawoneka chifukwa chakuthirira kosayenera, kusatsata kutentha kwa zomwe zili, osakonza dormancy pambuyo maluwa, ndi zofunikira zowunikira. Nthawi zambiri sichimafalikira, chifukwa chidayikidwa molakwika kapena sichidalengeke pambuyo povutikira zofunikira zonse. Chifukwa chikangopezeka ndikusamalidwa koyenera, chidzaphulika.

Njira yothirira. Klivia imathiriridwa pang'ono kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira (kutentha kovomerezeka kwamadzi ndi madigiri 40 kuti ikulitse kukula kwa peduncle). Ngati kuthirira kuli kochuluka, peduncle, mosiyana ndi masamba, adzaleka kukula. Kuphatikiza apo, mizu idzaola kuchokera ku chinyezi chowonjezera. Pofuna kupewa mavuto otere, mukamayika, timabowo timapangidwa mumphika ndikuyika zosanjikiza. Izi zitulutsa madzi poto. M'miyezi yozizira, kuthirira madzi oyimirira kutentha kutentha sikuyenera kukhala pafupipafupi.
Kutentha. Clivia sadzaphulika pokhapokha mlimi akamupatsa mpumulo m'miyezi yachisanu. Amachotsedwa m'chipinda momwe kutentha kwamlengalenga sikukwera pamwamba + 7-12 madigiri. Kuvala pamwamba sikufunika, ndipo mikhalidwe yocheperako ilibe ntchito.
Chomeracho chimabzalidwa chikangotha. Samaziika chaka chilichonse, koma pokhapokha ngati pakufunika (mizu siyikwanira mumphika ndikutuluka kudzera m'mabowo osungira madzi).
Kuyatsa. Osati mawonekedwe a maluwa nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi zofunikira pazomwe zilipo. Olima maluwa amaika mphikawo pawindo, lomwe "limasamba" dzuwa likuwala. Chifukwa cha ichi, clivia ikudwala ndipo masamba ake amawotchedwa.

Zoyenera kuchita pambuyo pake?

Nthawi yamaluwa itangotha ndipo gawo lawo latha, ambiri amafunsa funso kuti: tichite chiyani ndi peduncle? Pambuyo pouma, muyenera kudula. Imadulidwa pafupi ndi tsinde ndi mpeni wakuthwa, lumo, kapena lumo la misomali.

Kufalitsa maluwa

Klivia imakonda kufalikira - kamodzi pa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi zilizonse, pomwe mizu singathenso kulowa mumphika. Chomera chachikulire chimafalikira ndi mphukira zam'mbali, mbewu zimayembekezeka kuchokera kwa wachichepere.

Kuchokera mbewu

Ngati katswiri wamaluwa aganiza kuti akatenge nthangala kuchokera pazomera zomwe zikukula pawindo, amayenera kuyendetsa mungu. Ndikosavuta kugula mbewu m'sitolo. Momwe mungakulitsire kukongola kwa iwo komwe kudzaphulika mchaka cha 5-6?

Pambuyo pogula, nyembazo zimanyowetsedwa m'madzi. Amatsalira momwemo kwa maola 24 kuti atupire.
Patatha tsiku limodzi, amafesedwa mu dothi losakanikirana lomwe limapangidwa kuchokera ku peat ndi perlite, kapena turf ndi peat.
Kukula kwakukulu kwamanda ndi 1 cm, mtunda pakati pa nyembazo ndi 2 cm.
Pambuyo pake, chidebe chomwe chili ndi chomeracho chimachotsedwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena pansi pagalasi, pomwe kutentha kudzasungidwa pa madigiri 20-25. Pafupipafupi kuwuluka kamodzi patsiku, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumakhala ngati dothi limauma.
Pakadutsa mwezi umodzi ndi theka, ziphukira zidzawonekera, zomwe zimaponyedwera m'miphika yanu ndikuwoneka tsamba loyamba. Pachifukwa ichi, nthaka iyenera kukhala yosiyana kale: dongo, humus, nthaka yovuta.

Zofunika: Musadabwe ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono kwa mbande. Sizitanthauza kuti mlimiyo walakwa.

Kubalana ndi mbali mphukira

Nthawi zambiri, alimi amadikirira kuti milingoyo ikule kuti athe kufalitsa mwa kusintha. Ndiosavuta kumva ndipo amamvetsetsa, koma amangogwiritsa ntchito akatha.

Kusankhidwa kwa ana abwino okhala ndi masamba 4 kapena kupitilira apo.
Tumizani ku mphika watsopano wokhala ndi masentimita 7 cm kuchokera mbali zina popanda kuwononga mizu.
Poto amayikidwa pamalo owala komanso ofunda.
Chomera chozikidwa sichisamalidwa mwapadera. Chisamaliro chimafanana ndendende ndi chomera chachikulu chomwe chimangokhala ndi kusiyanasiyana kokha: kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi chochepa.

Mchiberekero choyamba chimapezeka patatha zaka 3-4 zitatha izi.

Mutha kuwerenga ma nuances ambiri amomwe mungapangire zoweta kunyumba pano.

Tumizani

Clivia ndi imodzi mwazomera zamkati zomwe sizimakonda kuziika. Pali chiopsezo chachikulu kuti sangazipirire ndipo mizu yovunda imayamba. Chifukwa chake, njira yokhotakhota imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe chomeracho, pamodzi ndi mizu ndi chidutswa cha dothi, zimayikidwa mumphika wokulirapo.

Kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kwazinthu zazing'ono kumachitika chaka chilichonse, komanso kwa achikulire - zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Gawo lapansi, kapena m'malo ake apamwamba, limasinthidwa chaka chilichonse.

Pezani zambiri zamasamba mosanjikiza.

Matenda

Ndi matenda ati omwe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi omwe amalima kumene kumene amadzipangira okha?

Chikasu masamba

Nthawi zina olima maluwa amawona masamba achikaso m'malo ena. Ngati alipo ochepa, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa. Ndi nkhani ina ngati masambawo asanduka achikaso ambiri. Poterepa, chinthu chachikulu sikungowononga nthawi ndikuyesa kumvetsetsa zifukwa zake.

Masamba achikaso ndi chizindikiro cha kuthirira kosauka kapena kulemera. Poyamba, amayamba kuthirira madzi nthawi zambiri, ndipo chachiwiri, mizu imayang'aniridwa kuti iwonongeke. Kuti muchite izi, tulutsani mumphika. Akapeza zowola, amazidula, ndipo malo omwe anali ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Pambuyo pake, amaika mu gawo lina.

Nthawi zina, masamba amasanduka achikaso chifukwa chosintha zachilengedwe komanso kusowa kwa chakudya.

Mawanga oyera pamasamba

Uwu ndiumboni wowonekera wakupsa kwa dzuwa kwa clivia. Amachotsa mphikawo kwina kapena kuuika mumsana wakale.

Kupanda ovary

Sichimawoneka chifukwa cha kutentha kwa mpweya, kusowa kwa dzuwa, kapena chifukwa chosowa nthawi yopuma.

Malangizo a Brown

Chifukwa chake ndikuthira madzi padziko lapansi. Ndikofunika kuwunikiranso njira yothirira, kuti ichepetse komanso kuti izichitika pafupipafupi.

Kuti mumve zambiri za matenda ndi tizirombo tambiri, kuphatikizapo mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa chosowa maluwa, ndi njira zochizira mbewu, onani nkhani ina.

Poizoni komanso zothandiza

Mabanja onse ayenera kudziwa kuti clivia ili ndi masamba owopsa. Chifukwa chake, mukawapukuta ndi chinkhupule, sambani m'manja mwanu, apo ayi pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha zinthu zakupha zomwe zingalowe m'mimba, zomwe zidzawonetseke ndikusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Ndibwino kuti musagule chomera ngati pali ziweto mnyumba.

Ngakhale kuti ma clivia ndi owopsa, amathandizanso. Popeza ili ndi clivatin ndi licorin yokwanira, imatha kukhazika mtima pansi ntchito ya magazi. Imatsukanso mpweya m'nyumba.