Malamulo okula streptocarpus ndi mawonekedwe ake: kubzala mbewu ndi kuzula tsamba?

Streptocarpus ndi oimira banja la Gesneriev. Iwo akukhala otchuka kwambiri tsiku lililonse. Zomwe zimatchuka ndikosavuta kwa chisamaliro ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

M'mbuyomu, amangokula m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha, pamapiri otsetsereka ku Asia, Africa ndi Madagascar. Omwe amaweta amaweta mitundu yamtchire komanso yosatha. Wokulima aliyense ali ndi mwayi wokulitsa kunyumba, kutsatira malamulo osavuta omwe akukula.

Kufotokozera kwa maluwa

Streptocarpus ili ndi makwinya ndi masamba obisalira pang'ono... Amapanga chingwe. Kutalika kwake ndi 30 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 5-7. Amakhala obiriwira makamaka m'mitundu ina yatsopano amasiyana.

Mitengo yayitali imapezeka pamasamba. Nthawi zina zimakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 25. Maluwa amapezeka pa iwo. Amakhala ngati mabelu, popeza masamba am'munsi amalumikizidwa. Pali mitundu yambiri, maluwa ndi makulidwe.

Iwo ndi osiyana kwambiri m'mimba mwake. Maluwawo atatha, chipatsocho chimapanga - nyemba yozungulira. Mbeu zipsa mu pod iyi.

Zosiyana

1. Kusamalira mopanda ulemu.
2. Maluwa obiriwira komanso ataliatali kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yozizira.
3. Kukula chaka chonse, bola ngati magetsi ena owonjezera agwiritsidwa ntchito.
4. Chomeracho sichimasiya kukongoletsa pambuyo poti maluwa.
5. Kubereka ndi gawo lililonse.

Kodi mungakule bwanji moyenera?

Streptocarpus - zomera zosakhwima... Kuwasamalira ndikosavuta. Olima maluwa omwe amasankha kukula iwo amatsatira malamulo osavuta ndikusangalala ndi kukongola komwe kumaphimba pazenera chaka chonse. Kuunikira kowonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito nyali za phyto-nyali ndi nyali za fulorosenti zimathandizira izi.

Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumasowa pachikhalidwe chokonda kuwala. Kodi pali malamulo ena omwe ndi ofunika kutsatira mukamachoka?

Kusankha dothi

Streptocarpus ndi mbewu zomwe zimakula msanga. Ali ndi mizu yamphamvu. Kuti akule bwino, ndikofunikira kusankha nthaka yoyenera kubzala streptocarpus. Nthaka yoyenera ndi yopatsa thanzi, yotayirira komanso yopumira. The akadakwanitsira acidity ndi 6.7-6.9 pH. Kukula kwa mphikawo ndi 9-12 cm.

Zikuchokera lapansi osakaniza:

• Mbali zitatu za nthaka "Vermion";
• gawo limodzi la nthaka yakuda / tsamba la humus;
• gawo limodzi kuphika ufa. Vermiculite, coarse perlite kapena mchenga wamtsinje wosalala ndi woyenera.

Wolera nthaka

Zosakaniza pamndandanda womwe uli pamwambapa ndizosawilitsidwa mu uvuni pa pepala lophika. Kuti muchite izi, onjezerani madzi amodzi. Yolera yotseketsa ikupitirira kwa mphindi makumi asanu. Kutentha - madigiri 150.

Pambuyo panthawiyi, onjezerani 1 tbsp pazosakaniza. sphagnum moss, yomwe imayenera kudulidwa bwino, 1/3 tbsp. Makala osakanizidwa ndi trichodermine. Chowonjezera chomaliza chikuwonjezeredwa molingana ndi malangizo.

Pambuyo pa njira yolera yotseketsa, pakadutsa milungu 2-3 isanachitike chisakanizocho. Nthawi iyi ndiyofunikira pobwezeretsa nthaka microflora.

Feteleza

Zabwino kudyetsa ana - Etisso wobiriwira... Amadzipukutira motere: 1 ml pa 1 litre. Ponena za njira yabwino kwambiri yodyetsera chomera chachikulire, ndiye kuti "EKO-Volshebniko" ndioyenera. Zovala zapamwamba ndizosowa - kamodzi pa sabata.

Mlingowo ndi wocheperapo kasanu kuposa momwe wopanga amalangizira. Mukapitirira, mawanga adzawonekera pamasamba. M'chilimwe, ndibwino kuti musadyetse chomeracho, chifukwa chifukwa cha maluwa ambiri, streptocarpus iyamba kufota.

Zofunika! Sikoyenera kuthira masamba masamba ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, makamaka ngati ndi kudya masamba a vermicompost.

Kuthirira

Pothirira, gwiritsani madzi okhazikika kapena osasankhidwa. Chomeracho chimathiriridwa nthaka ikauma. Pakapita kanthawi, madzi amatuluka poto.

Chinyezi

Chinyezi chabwino - 55-75%. Ngati mpweya wanyumba umauma, tsitsani danga pafupi ndi duwa ndi botolo labwino. Madontho amadzi sayenera kugwera pamenepo..

Zimathandizanso kukonza miphika yapafupi ndi ma trays odzaza ndi moss, miyala ya mitsinje komanso dongo lokulitsa. Ayenera kuthiridwa pang'ono ndi madzi. Mutha kukhazikitsa zotengera ndi madzi kuti asungunuke kukhala pafupi nawo.

Kutentha

Streptocarpus imakula m'nyumba m'nyumba pa t = + 22-25⁰С. Kutentha kovuta ndi +16 ndipo pansi pamadigiri Celsius. Sakonda kutentha, ngati simukhudza, amwalira. Choyamba, masamba amauma, kenako maluwa amafota.

Chomeracho chimasiya kukongoletsa kwake. Popeza tazindikira zisonyezo zoyambirira za matenda, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu... Mukasintha kayendedwe ka kutentha, zonse zibwerera mwakale. Ngati masamba awonongeka kwambiri, amadulidwa.

Chipindacho chimakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, koma nthawi yomweyo amawunika mosamala kuti palibe cholembedwa. Sikoyenera kutengera mphika ndi chomeracho panja. Mukamachita izi, ndiye ingoikani pakhonde kapena pakhonde, yotetezedwa ku mvula ndi mphepo.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri zakukula ndi kusamalira Streptocarpus pano.

Njira zoberekera

Mbewu

Oyamba onse atha kulangizidwa za kubzala mbewu.... Njira iyi ndi yosavuta.

1. Gawo loyamba ndikukonzekera gawo lapansi potenga peat, perlite ndi vermiculite mofanana. Peat imadutsa pamchenga wachitsulo wokhala ndi thumba la 0,5-1 mm kuti muchepetse kukula kwake mpaka kukula kwa mchenga wamtsinje wolimba.
2. Mbeu za Streptocarpus zimafesedwa panthaka, popanda kuzama kwambiri.
3. Pambuyo pake, amasindikiza pang'ono ndi bolodi, koma zosakonzekera kapena pulasitiki sizigwira ntchito.
4. Mukabzala, kuthirirani mbewuyo pomiza chidebecho m'madzi. Chinyezi chimakopeka kudzera m'mabowo osungunulira kuti gawo lapansi likhale lonyowa. Simungathirire madzi mwanjira ina iliyonse, chifukwa njerezo zimangotsukidwa.
5. Pambuyo kuthirira, tsekani miphika ndi polyethylene kapena galasi ndikuyiyika pamalo owala. Mpaka mbewuzo zimere, kutentha pansi pagalasi kuyenera kukhala +25 digiri Celsius. Mphukira zoyamba zimawoneka patatha masiku 7.
6. Masamba awiri atangotuluka, kuikapo kumachitika. Gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi tsopano. Chomeracho chimaikidwa mu chisakanizo chopangidwa kuchokera pagawo zitatu za peat, imodzi mwa vermiculite ndi perlite komanso awiri aliwonse a masamba obiriwira ndi sphagnum moss.

Chidutswa cha tsamba

Kutulutsa kotheka kotheka kwa streptocarpus... Iwo kuchulukana ku minofu callus. Amapangidwa pamadulira amitsempha yambale. Tsamba limadulidwa kutalika, kuchotsa mtsempha wapakati.

Kenako gawo lodulidwalo limayikidwa m'nthaka yonyowa, yofanana ndi yomwe idakonzedwa pofesa mbewu. Posakhalitsa chimango chimamera kuchokera m'mitsempha yotsatira.

Pogawa chitsamba

Njira yosavuta yoperekera, yomwe alimi ambiri oyamba kuiwala, ndikugawana tchire. Kuti agwiritse ntchito, amadikirira mpaka duwa lamtchire litakuluke kwambiri chifukwa cha tchire lopangidwa. Itha kugawidwa m'magawo. Chomera cha amayi chingapindule ndi ichi: chidzasinthanso.

Werengani zambiri za njira zoberekera za streptocarpus apa.

Momwe mungayambire tsamba?

Streptocarpus imafalikira podula chidutswa cha tsamba... Ndibwino kuti musankhe choyenera ichi. Tsamba liyenera kukhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yomwe imayenera kuchokera kumtunda wapakati. Kuchuluka komwe kulipo, makanda amawonekera kwambiri.

Tsambali limadulidwa, popeza adalandira magawo angapo kuchokera pamenepo. Kutalika kwa tsamba lirilonse kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi kukula kwa mphika womwe udasankhidwira kuti udule mizu. Pochotsa mtsempha wapakati, amachita mosamala.

Amatayidwa, ndipo zidutswa zam'mbali zokha ndizomwe zimaloledwa kugwira ntchito. Ndibwino kuti muziwayika m'miphika yazitali kapena m'mitsuko yotsika yamakona anayi ndi kutalika kwa 30 mm. Atakonza miphika, dothi limatsanuliridwa wosanjikiza 15-20 mm wandiweyani. Kenako amaika masambawo m'mayenje osaya ndi kuthyola dothi pafupi nawo.

Masamba ang'onoang'ono pamitsempha yotsatira amawonekera pakatha miyezi iwiri. Patangotha ​​miyezi iwiri yokha, masamba atsopanowo akafika kutalika kwa 30-40 mm, amaponyedwera mu tsamba la mayi. Mukayika, sungani miphika ndi masamba mu wowonjezera kutentha wa pulasitiki. Ayenera mizu ndikukula.

Kodi chisamaliro chiani?

Kumbuyo kwa chomeracho

Poto ya streptocarpus imayikidwa pazenera lomwe silimalandira dzuwa... Ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zolemba pano. Ngati pali zovuta zowunikira, masamba atsopano sadzawoneka, ndipo ma peduncle okhala ndi maluwa sadzapangidwa kuchokera ku sinus.

Zambiri zimadalira kuthirira. Chomeracho chimangothiriridwa kokha pamene dothi lapamwamba lauma. Pothirira, gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofewa, osakhazikika kutentha. Ngati imachitika pafupipafupi, mizu imawola ndipo maluwawo amafa.

Onetsetsani kuti palibe madzi omwe amalowa mumtsamba. Amatsanulira pansi pamasamba. Mutha kuthirira streptocarpus pomiza mumtsuko wamadzi.

Chomeracho sichimakonda mukathiridwa mankhwala kapena masamba akatsukidwa ndi siponji.

Kwa mbande

Chomeracho chimakula kuchokera ku mbewu. M'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa amazigulitsa zitakokedwa chifukwa chakuti mbewu ndizochepa kwambiri. Chipolopolocho chitha kugwera pambuyo pofesa pamwamba pa dothi lonyowa.

Simuyenera kudikirira kuti kasupe akule duwa latsopano.... Mbewu imafesedwa chaka chonse, koma peduncle yoyamba mutabzala imawonekera pakatha miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Pofuna kufulumizitsa kukula, alimi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kowonjezera ndikuthirira mbande pokhapokha nthaka itauma.

Kwa kuthawa

Zomera zonse kuchokera kubanja la Gesneriev zimasinthanso mizu ndi gawo lina la tsamba. Chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha tsamba labwino la slicing. Amabzala mu piritsi loviika.

Samasamalira mwanjira ina yapadera, amangothirira ndikuonetsetsa kuti mphukira zazing'ono zikuwoneka patsamba. Akangowonekera, amaikidwa m'makapu osiyana.

Nthawi zina mitsempha yapakati imachotsedwa papepala lonse ndipo mikwingwirima yayitali imakonzedwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zimapangidwa mosavuta kuchokera m'bokosi. Kubzala kumalumikizidwa ndikupopera kuti bokosi likhale lonyowa... Dampness iyi imasungidwa mpaka ana atawonekera. Atatuluka, amakhala m'miphika yosiyana.

Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Streptocarpus amadwala matenda opatsirana. Pakudwala, masamba awo amatha kutsekemera, kufota kapena kufota. Mukayamba matendawa, maluwa adzaipiraipira. Mukapanda kuchitapo kanthu, adzafa.

Nthawi zina duwa limakhudza powdery mildew.... Izi zimawonetsedwa ndikuwonekera kwa chovala choyera pa tsinde, masamba ndi maluwa. Popita nthawi, zokutira zoyera zidzasanduka zofiirira. Masamba ndi maluwa zimayamba kuuma ndikufa.

Pofuna kupewa powdery mildew kuti asaphe streptocarpus, amawopa ma drafti, madontho otentha, kuthira madzi nthaka ndikudya pafupipafupi. Ngati muchitapo kanthu pomwe chikwangwani choyamba chikuwonekera - chovala choyera pamasamba ndi zimayambira, gulani mayankho apadera ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo.

Nthawi zambiri, streptocarpus imakhudzidwa ndi kuvunda kwaimvi... Kuphulika kofiirira kofiira kumawonekera pa gawo lomwe lakhudzidwa. Popita nthawi, zimasanduka zilonda zofiirira, zomwe zimawonjezeka kukula. Zifukwa za mawonekedwewa ndizochulukirapo chinyezi cha mpweya. Madera onse okhudzidwa amachotsedwa, kenako chomeracho chimapopera ndi mankhwala amkuwa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapweteketsa streptocarpus. Nthawi zambiri alimi oyamba kumene sawazindikira. Sangathe kulumikiza pamodzi zizindikiro ndi kuzindikira kuti china chake chalakwika. Maluwawo amafota msanga, anthers amasanduka abulauni komanso owuma, ndipo ma pistil amathiranso pansi.

Akangozindikira izi, amagula yankho lapadera. Amabzalidwa molingana ndi malangizo ndipo chomeracho chimapopera madzi nayo pafupipafupi.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri za tizirombo ndi matenda a streptocarpus munkhaniyi.

Mapeto

Streptocarpus ndi zomera zokongola. Amachita chidwi ndi mawonekedwe awo owoneka bwino. Atawawona, alimi ambiri amakondana ndipo amafuna kudzipezera "bokosi lopotoka" (umu ndi momwe dzina la chomeracho limamasuliridwira) kwanthawizonse. Kulekeranji? Kupatula apo, sali olemetsa kusiya.

Onerani kanemayo: Planting Seeds Primula u0026 Streptocarpus Cape Primrose (September 2024).