Zonse za mbewu za pelargonium: momwe mungabzalidwe ndikukula kunyumba pang'onopang'ono?

Kubereketsa kwa pelargonium ndi mbewu kumakhala kosangalatsa chifukwa kumapangitsa kuti zikule ndikulingalira kwanu komwe sikuwoneka ngati chomera cha kholo. Iyi ndi njira yolemetsa kwambiri ndi mitundu ingapo yamiyeso yomwe muyenera kudziwa.

M'nkhaniyi, tikukuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane momwe mungakonzekere mbewu za pelargonium kuti mufesere, ndi nthaka yanji yomwe mungabzale komanso momwe mungasamalire mphukira zazing'ono. Muthanso kuwonera kanema wothandiza pamutuwu.

Chomera chotani?

Pelargonium ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Geraniev... Ili ndi nthambi zimayambira ndi masamba pama petioles ataliatali. Maluwa a Pelargonium ndi ma variegated akulu kapena monochromatic, pinki yolemera, yofiirira, yoyera. Mitundu yambiri yazomera idabweretsedwa ku Europe kuchokera ku Republic of South Africa m'zaka za zana la 16. Pelargonium adabweretsedwa kudziko lathu m'zaka za zana la 18.

Njira zoberekera

Pelargonium imaberekanso m'njira ziwiri zazikulu:

• mbewu;
• vegetatively - mwa kudula kapena kugawa tchire.

Mitundu ya Pelargonium yosakanizidwa yomwe imamera kuchokera ku mbewu zawo sizilowa m'malo mwa kholo. Kuti asunge mikhalidwe yomwe akufuna, iyenera kufalikira m'njira yokhayo. 

Olima maluwa ambiri amakhala ndi chidwi chodzala palokha kamodzi kapena mitundu ina ya pelargonium kuchokera ku mbewu. Poterepa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zanu zonse komanso omwe mwagula. Zomera zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera kubzala zimachita maluwa bwino kwambirikuposa pelargonium yomwe idakula kuchokera ku cuttings.

Mawonekedwe:

Kodi amawoneka bwanji?

CHENJEZO: Mbeu za Pelargonium ndizofanana ndi nyemba za khofi. Mbali imodzi ya nyembazo ndi yotundumuka, inayo ndi yosalala ndi mzere wogawika wa zikopa. Mbeu za Pelargonium nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiirira kwambiri. Pa chomeracho, nyembazo zimakhala mu nyemba zambewu.

Nthanga yakupsa ndi yofiirira. Mbeu zokha zizunguliridwa ndi chipolopolo cholimba ndi ambulera yaying'ono yamadzi. Dengu lokhala ndi mbewu litakhwima, limaphulika, ndipo zipatso zimapangidwa m'malo mwake.

Zimatenga chiyani kuti ziwonekere?

Maluwa akaonekera pazomera zamkati, muyenera kusamalira njere. Kuyendetsa mungu kumatha kuchitika. Izi zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito singano yosinthira mungu. Pakatikati pa duwa pali ma stamens khumi ndi pistil yokhala ndi manyazi. Ndi mbali yakuthwa ya singano, chotsani mungu ku duwa limodzi ndikusamutsira ku manyazi a pistil kuchokera maluwa ena. Maluwa ake ayenera kuphulika masiku angapo izi zisanachitike. Kuuluka mungu mwanjira imeneyi ndi kotheka nthawi zambiri.

Kodi mbewu zimapsa bwanji komanso nthawi yokolola?

Ngati pollination yachitika, patatha masiku 3-4 chigawocho chimayamba kukula ndikukula. Bokosi lazinthu zazitali komanso losongoka limapangidwa. Kucha, kapisozi kumawonjezera kutalika ndi makulidwe. Mbewu zikacha, chipatso chimaphulika... Mbeu zofiirira zazitali, zokutidwa ndi ma villi oyera oyera, zimapachika pa ulusi woonda.

Momwe mungatolere mbewu kunyumba? Mbewu ziyenera kusonkhanitsidwa nthawi yomweyo zitatha kucha. Ndibwino kuti mutenge mbewuzo kuchokera kumabampu owuma owuma, izi zikuwonetsa kuti zapsa. Simuyenera kudikirira nthawi yomwe bokosi lidzatsegulidwe ndipo mbewu zikagwa. Amatha kuyamba kuphuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzisunga.

Malangizo ndi gawo ndi gawo: momwe mungakulire kunyumba?

Ndi nthawi yanji yobzala?

Nthawi yobzala? Kufesa pelargonium kunyumba kumatha kuchitika chaka chonse, pokhapokha ngati kuunikira kowonjezera kuperekedwa. Nthawi yabwino yofesa mbewu ndi February kapena Marichi... Mukabzala pelargonium pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimakula mwamphamvu ndipo chimamasula patatha miyezi 9 (bwanji pelargonium sichimafalikira?).

Kukonzekera kwa nthaka

CHOFUNIKA: Pelargonium imakonda nthaka yopepuka, yopatsa thanzi yomwe imalola madzi ndi mpweya kuyenda bwino kumizu ya chomeracho. Kuti mumere mbewu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzedwa bwino kapena mungadzipange nokha.

Pali njira zingapo:

1. Sakanizani mu kufanana peat, mchenga, humus ndi kompositi;
2. phatikizani magawo awiri amunda wam'munda ndi gawo limodzi la peat ndi mchenga;
3. kuchepetsa peat ndi perlite mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1.

Musanafese mbewu, gawo lokonzekera liyenera kuthiridwa mankhwala.kupewa kupewa infestation ndi pelargonium. Kuti muchite izi, imaphatikizidwa kwa mphindi zingapo mu uvuni.

Pofuna kuchiza nthaka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides yokonzedwa bwino kwambiri kapena manganese. Kenako kukwera kuyenera kuyimitsidwa tsiku limodzi.

Kusankha

Kuti mukule pelargonium mwachangu komanso popanda mavuto, muyenera kusankha ndikukonzekera zakubzala. Mukamasankha mbewu, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi izi:

• Mtundu... Mbeu zapamwamba za pelargonium zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira. Kufiira pang'ono ndi mthunzi wowala amaloledwa.
• Mawonekedwe... Mbeu zotukuka ndizobulungira, zipsinjo zazing'ono zimawoneka mbali.
• Kukula... Zinthu zobzala ndizokwanira mokwanira.
• Chigoba... Mbeu za Pelargonium zimadziwika ndi chipolopolo cholimba chachikopa.

Ngati chodzala chili ndi mikhalidwe yonseyi, ndiye kuti chitha kugulidwa. Simuyenera kusankha mbewu zomwe zili ndi izi:

• zazing'ono;
• chofewa;
• wopunduka;
• yokutidwa ndi mawanga amitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Mbeu za mitundu ina ya pelargonium, makamaka ivy, sizimera kwa miyezi 2-3. Muyenera kukumbukira izi osasiya kusamalira mbewu.

Pochepetsa nthawi yakumera, njira yofufuzira imachitika... Zimakhala ndikuchotsa gawo la malaya amtunduwu kuti athe kupeza michere. Izi zimafuna:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito chabwino mpaka sing'anga grit sandpaper. Zikuthandizani kuchotsa wosanjikiza pamwamba popanda zoopsa misozi.
2. Pepani nyembazo nthawi 2-3 pa sandpaper ndikuyenda mozungulira.

Zimatengera chiyani kuti mubzale?

Momwe mungamere? Kuti mubzale mbewu ndikukula bwino mbande kunyumba, mufunika wowonjezera kutentha. Itha kukhala bokosi lamizere lokhazikika lomwe limakutidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki, thireyi ya chakudya yokhala ndi chivindikiro chowonekera, kapena botolo la pulasitiki lodulidwa pakati. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti pakufika mpweya, timabowo tating'ono timayenera kupangidwa mufilimu kapena pachikuto.

Kufesa kunyumba:

1. Lembani mbewu za pelargonium m'madzi ofunda kwa maola atatu, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa mbande.
2. Thirani nthaka yomwe idakonzedwa kale kutentha kwapakati pa masentimita 5-7 mu wowonjezera kutentha. Nthaka isakhale yopanda ndi zinyalala. Pewani nthaka pang'ono.
3. Pukutani nthaka ndi madzi ofunda ndikusiya tsiku limodzi kuti muwotchere kutentha kwa 21-22 ° C.
4. Bzalani nyembazo panthaka pamtunda wa masentimita awiri kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndikukanikiza bwino panthaka. Mbewu ziyenera kuikidwa mozungulira. Mbali yathyathyathya ya nyembayo imayenera kukhala yosanjikiza pansi. Fukani mbewu ndi gawo lochepa la gawo lapansi lotayirira.
5. Fukani mbewu pang'ono pang'ono kuchokera mu botolo la utsi.
6. Phimbani ndi wowonjezera kutentha.

Ikani mabokosi okhala ndi mbewu m'chipinda chofunda, momwe kutentha kumasungidwa mozungulira 22-24 ° C. Kuthirira mbewu ndikofunikira nthaka ikauma.

Timakula m'mapiritsi a peat

Kodi mungakulire bwanji kunyumba ndi mapiritsi a peat? Imwani mapiritsi apakati. Akonzereni mu chidebe chakuya ndikulowetsa m'madzi ofunda mpaka atakulitsa kukula pafupifupi kasanu ndi kamodzi. Ikani njerezo munthawi yopumira ndikuphimba pang'ono ndi peat piritsi. Pambuyo pake, tsekani chidebecho ndi zojambulazo kapena galasi ndikuyika pamalo otentha. Mphukira zoyamba zidzawoneka patatha sabata limodzi ndi theka.

Onerani kanema wonena za kufesa mbewu za pelargonium m'mapiritsi a peat:

Kusankha mphika "woyenera"

Miphika yaying'ono yaying'ono yamasentimita atatu ndiyabwino kumera pelargonium.Mutha kugula zotengera m'masitolo apadera kapena kudzipangira nokha.

Pakulima, mabokosi kapena miphika amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mphika womwe maluwawo adzakhale amasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa mizu. Kuika kumachitika kokha ngati chomeracho chikuchepa. (kuti mumve zambiri za momwe mungakhalire ndikudzula pelargonium, onani apa). Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yadongo. Ndiwo mpweya wabwino wokhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso kuyamwa kwa chinyezi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yapulasitiki, koma salola kuti mpweya udutse ndipo zitha kubweretsa kuchepa kwamadzi owonjezera. Izi zingayambitse mizu yowola ndi matenda obzala.

Ngati ndi kotheka kukonzekera gawo lanu lomwe likukula, ndiye kuti muyenera kuligwiritsa ntchito. M'nthaka yogulidwa, mbande zimawonekera pambuyo pake, mbande ndi zofooka, tchire limakhala lowonda kapena zimayambira mopanda phindu, maluwawo amasowa.

Chisamaliro

Zinthu zabwino zokula pelargonium kuchokera ku mbewu:

• Kutentha... Iyenera kukhala mkati mwa + 18 + 24 ° C. Kupanda kutero, mbewuzo sizimera.
• Chinyezi... Kutentha kwambiri kumathandizira kufalikira kwa mbewu. Mbewu ndi mbande ziyenera kusungidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha mpaka masamba oyamba atayamba. Mpweya wokwanira 2 pa tsiku.
• Kuwunika kumbuyo... Mphukira zikawoneka, wowonjezera kutentha amakhala ndi kuwala kowala, kofalikira. Kutalika kwa masana ndi maola 12. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya fulorosenti pakuunikira. Popanda kuwala, mbande za pelargonium zimatambasula.

Mbeu za Pelargonium zimatuluka mkati mwa masiku 2-14 kuyambira nthawi yobzala. Mitundu ya Terry yomwe imamera imatha kukhala mwezi umodzi.

Kuti mbewu zizipanga chitsamba chokongola, zimafunika kusamalidwa bwino. Pelargonium imafunikira kuthirira kwakanthawi, kuvala pamwamba, kumasula nthaka, nyengo yofunda, kutola ndi kutsina.

Mutha kuphunzira zambiri zakusamalira pelargonium kunyumba pano.

Kuthirira molondola

Kuthirira mosayenera kumatha kuyambitsa matenda ngakhale kufa kwa mbewu zazing'ono.

Malangizo othandiza:

• Osakwiritsa nthaka... Izi zimabweretsa blackleg, matenda omwe amakula mofulumira ndikuwononga mbande. Pofuna kupewa izi, ndikofunikira kupanga ngalande ndi mabowo otulutsira madzi ochulukirapo mumitsuko yodzala.
• Ulamuliro wothirira umafunika... Mbande imathiriridwa pamene dothi limauma, kusamala kuti lisadzaze. Pambuyo posankha m'makontena osiyana, chomeracho chimathiriridwa kawiri pamlungu. M'nyengo yozizira, pafupipafupi kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kamodzi pamasiku asanu ndi awiri.

Nthawi yoyamba amadyetsa pelargonium patatha milungu iwiri atatola. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa omwe ali ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Nthawi zambiri kuvala kamodzi pamasabata awiri. M'nyengo yozizira, kudyetsa kuyimitsidwa. Mutha kudziwa zambiri zamomwe mungadyetse pelargonium apa.

Onerani kanema wonena za kuthirira ndi kudyetsa mbande za pelargonium kuchokera ku njere:

Mapeto

Kukula pelargonium kunyumba kuchokera ku mbewu kumalima alimi kupeza chomera chochuluka. Kusankha mbewu, kutsatira malingaliro onse obzala ndi kusamalira mbande zazing'ono ndizofunikira. Tsopano mukudziwa zonse za kubzala ndi kusamalira pelargonium.

Onerani kanemayo: Pelargonium ionidiflorum (June 2024).