Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha nkhalango yamaluwa ya violet. Kukula ndi kudzisamalira kwa akatswiri malangizo

Kodi mumakonda maluwa, koma simukudziwa momwe mungakongoletsere munda wanu kapena dera kuseli kwa bwalo?

Violet wamtchire angakuthandizeni mosavuta ndi izi, chifukwa si zokongola modabwitsa komanso modzichepetsa, komanso ali ndi zabwino zingapo ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.

Pansipa tiwona mitundu ya kukongola kwa nkhalango. Komanso, muyenera kudziwa za kulima bwino kwake.

Kufotokozera kwathunthu

Nkhalango violet ndi therere losatha la banja la violet lokhala ndi mphukira zogona pansi ndi zokwawa, nthambi zazing'ono. Mizu ya chomerachi imatulutsa masamba atsopano chaka chilichonse., Chifukwa cha ichi, ma rosettes a masamba achichepere amapangidwa pamapesi pafupifupi masentimita 10-15.

Ili ndi korolla wachikuda wamatumba asanu, omwe amabwera mosiyanasiyana komanso kosangalatsa. Chomerachi nthawi zambiri chimapezeka m'malo otentha komanso otentha, komanso ku Northern Hemisphere.

Pamakalata. Violet amakula m'mabedi amaluwa m'nkhalango, omwe amapezeka m'malo otsetsereka, m'zigwa. Ili ndi fungo lokoma, lonunkhira ndipo ndi chomera chodabwitsa cha uchi.

Mbiri ya mawonekedwe

Dziko lakwawo la violet ndi East Africa. Mu 1892, Baron Adalbert Saint-Paul anaona duwa pakati pa miyala mu umodzi mwa madera aku Tanzania pomwe anali kuyenda. Chidwi chake chinakopeka ndi masamba amtundu wabuluu wosalala wonyezimira. Violet inali mng'alu.

Abambo ake, Ulrich von Saint-Paul, anali ndi mndandanda wazomera zochepa. Baron adamutumizira duwa lomwe adapeza, ndipo mu 1893 violet adawonetsedwa koyamba pachionetsero. Pambuyo pake obereketsa anayamba kubzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya duwa ili, osiyana kukula ndi utoto.

Maonekedwe

Ma violets amtundu wa nkhalango nthawi zambiri samakhala owala ngati ma violets akumunda, koma ndiabwino m'njira zawo. Chomeracho chimakopa chidwi ndi maluwa otumbululuka a buluu, wofiirira, wotumbululuka wabuluu ndi wofiirira wokhala ndi malo achikaso. Komanso m'chilengedwe mutha kupeza chomerachi ndipo ndi choyera. Zinyama zimakhala zosiyana.

Pafupifupi masamba onse ndi osambira ndipo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

1. woboola pakati pamtima;
2. ovoid wozungulira;
3. kusinthasintha;
4. ndi ma petioles aatali.

Mzere wawo wapamwamba ndi wocheperako poyerekeza ndi wapansi. Mphukira ili ndi stamens zisanu zokhala ndi ulusi wachidule. Chomerachi chilibe tsinde. Violet imakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 14 mpaka 15. Tchire lake ndi laukhondo.

Mitundu yodziwika ndi zithunzi

Onani maluwa osiyanasiyana pachithunzichi:

Chitatu

Tricolor violet ndi imodzi mwamitundu yodziwika bwino yamatuni. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Pansies". Chomerachi sichingapezeke kunkhalango kokha, komanso m'malo olimapo komanso m'munda. Nzosadabwitsa kuti chomerachi chimatchedwa "tricolor violet", chifukwa masamba ake amakhala ndi mitundu yoposa imodzi. Amamasula kuyambira Meyi mpaka koyambirira kwa Seputembara. Komanso pansies ndi mankhwala. Zitsamba za Violet tricolor ndi mankhwala abwino oletsa antipyretic.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungakulire violet "Pansies", komanso malamulo oyambira kubzala ndikusamalira duwa, werengani zathu.

Agalu

Violet yagalu imamasulanso osati m'nkhalango zokha, komanso m'malo otseguka, mwachitsanzo, m'minda. Maluwawo amakhala ndi mthunzi umodzi wokha: wotumbululuka buluu. Maluwawo ndi ochepa, ochepa. Masamba a duwa ili ndi tsinde, pa cuttings ndi lalikulu. Amamasula mu Meyi.

Dambo

Marsh violet ili ndi masamba ozungulira - ndi oyamba kukopa chidwi. Ziphuphu zimakhala zobiriwira buluu kapena zoyera ndi mitsempha yotambasula, yofanana ndi nthambi zamitengo, zofiirira zakuda. Ngakhale limadziwika, limamera osati m'madambo okha, komanso m'madambo achinyontho ndi nkhalango zonyowa.

Munda

Violet ya kumunda imawoneka ngati pansi. Masamba ake ndi ochepa, achikasu otumbululuka. Nthawi zambiri zimamera m'madambo, omwe amapezeka m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Kuuluka mungu m'maluwawa kumachitika m'masamba omwe sanatsegulidwe. Ali ndi mankhwala.

Onunkhira

Mafuta onunkhira amakhala ndi masamba osakhwima, ozungulira komanso owoneka ngati mtima. Maluwa ake ndi ovuta kuphonya chifukwa ndi ofiira owala kapena amtambo. Violet yafungo imanunkhira bwino kwambiri, koma yamphamvu. Imayamba pachimake kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi. Amapezeka kwambiri m'nkhalango.

Chisamaliro

Chimodzi mwamaubwino amtundu wa violets ndichosowa kosamalira mosamala.

Zofunika! Kumbukirani kuti duwa limafunikira kuthiriridwa nthawi zonse pokhapokha pagawo la mmera.

Ngati violet imakula m'nyumba, nthawi zina imayenera kutulutsidwa panja kuti ipite. Ndikofunika kuthirira chomera ndi manyowa a masamba milungu iwiri iliyonse, osapitirira.

Ziwawa ndizodzichepetsa ndipo zimakonda kubisala mumthunzi.koma imathanso kumera pamalo ouma ngati inyowetsedwa. Amapirira nyengo yozizira molimba, amapirira chilala pang'ono. Chotuwa cha m'nkhalango, makamaka zonunkhira, chimatenga zaka ziwiri kuti chikule mpaka kufika pa mita mita imodzi.

Kubzala ndikukula

• Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa kale zokolola zatsopano, mutha kuchita izi nthawi iliyonse pachaka, kupatula nyengo yozizira. Amayamba kuphuka pasanathe milungu itatu.
• Nthaka iyenera kukhala yopatsa thanzi, yotayirira, yopota. Muyenera kufalitsa mbewu pamwamba ndikuwaza ndi nthaka yaying'ono. Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa sikugwere maluwa akutsogolo. Chotsatira, muyenera kutseka chilichonse ndi zojambulazo.
• Musaiwale za kuthirira mbewu, zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse.
• Musaiwale za kuwulutsa.
• Kubzala mbewu kumayenera kuchitika m'malo osokonekera, phiri laling'ono.
• Ngakhale ma violets amalimbana ndi pafupifupi chilichonse, ayenera kuthiriridwa kutentha kwakukulu.

Matenda

Ngakhale Ma violets amalimbikira ndipo saopa chisanu, komabe ali ndi kufooka - matenda. Tsoka, zimagwiranso ntchito pazomera zokongola zotere.

1. Imodzi mwamatenda owopsa a violets m'nkhalango ndizovunda. Kawirikawiri, chomeracho chimayambukiridwa ndi kutentha komanso kutentha kwambiri. Kawirikawiri matendawa amayamba ndi bowa wa tizilombo omwe amalekerera kutentha pang'ono ndipo amatha kusungidwa m'nthaka kwa nthawi yayitali. Matendawa amayamba kuchokera kumizu yazomera.
2. Bowa wina wowopsa kwambiri wa ma violets ndikuchedwa kuchepa. Amalowa mu chomeracho makamaka kudzera mu pistil, tsitsi la mizu ndi stomata.
3. Downy mildew imakhudzanso zomera zomvetsa chisoni ndipo ndi amodzi mwamatenda osasangalatsa maluwa. Chovala chofewa cha mitundu yoyera pamasamba ndi maluwa.
4. Palinso masamba owola a petioles, matenda osowa kwambiri omwe amapezeka kutentha kwambiri masamba a petioles akakumana ndi moss.

Pali matenda owopsa angapo:

• matenda a bakiteriya a masamba;
• Zowola zosafalikira, pomwe, ndi kutsika kwa kutentha, masamba a violet amayamba kufota pang'onopang'ono;
• chlorosis masamba.

Matenda achilengedwe amaphatikizapo kusiyanasiyana.

Mawonekedwe:

Forest violet ndi maluwa othandiza komanso osangalatsazomwe zingathandize pamavuto ambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

1. Pakhosi, gwirani kulowetsedwa kwa duwa ili.
2. Pankhani ya matenda opuma, mankhwala a rhizome amatithandiza.
3. Komanso, kununkhira kosangalatsa kwa ma violets kumatsitsimula ndikumatsitsimutsa, makamaka pakagwa chipwirikiti, chisangalalo chamanjenje ndi khunyu.
4. Violets amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta omwe amachotsa kutupa kwa nkhope ndi ming'alu yomwe imawonekera pakamwa.

Zindikirani! Koma kukonzekera kwa violet kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, musaiwale kuti ichi ndi chomera chakupha.

Nkhalango violet. Zothandiza ndi ntchito:

Mitengo ya violet m'nkhaladi ndi duwa lapadera. Wodzichepetsa, wokonda kubisala mumthunzi, komabe, adzakongoletsa munda wanu ndi nyenyezi zake zamatsenga zamaluwa, amasangalala ndi kununkhira ndipo amangosangalatsa diso.

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