"Kuphuka kokongola" begonia: kubzala, zithunzi, malamulo osamalira mutagula kunyumba

Duwa lowala - begonia - lazika mizu m'nyumba za anthu aku Russia. Nthawi ina m'mbuyomu, adamuchotsa, ndipo tsopano akubadwanso. Florists amasankha mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa akulu kapena masamba okongoletsera. Aliyense amapeza njira yomwe akufuna kuchokera ku mitundu ndi mitundu yonse.

Nthawi zambiri amagula kukongola komwe kumafalikira, osadziwa ngati akusamala kapena ayi. Chomera chosaiwalikachi ndi chovuta kuchisamalira, koma ngati mungafune, mutha kuphunzira zonse, kuphatikiza kubzala ndikuyika begonias.

Kodi duwa limeneli ndi chiyani?

Begonia (dzina lachilatini - Begonia) ndi dzina lodziwika bwino komanso mitundu yambiri yamabanja a begonia. Mtunduwu uli ndi mitundu yopitilira 1,000 yomwe imapezeka kuthengo, kumapiri, pamtunda wa mamita 3-4 zikwi pamwamba pa nyanja komanso m'nyumba za anthu aku Russia. Chomeracho chimapezeka kwambiri m'nkhalango zam'madera otentha, m'mapiri a India, ku Himalaya, kumadzulo kwa Africa, ndi zina zambiri.

Tidapunthwa koyamba poyendera nkhalango ku Africa. Kenako, m'zaka za zana la 17, adapita nawo ku Europe, komwe asayansi adapeza mitundu ina. Wolemba woyamba wa botanical ndi C. Plumier. Iye anali m'gulu la omwe anali ndi mwayi omwe adalemekezedwa kutenga nawo mbali paulendo wopita ku Antilles. Anapeza mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya maluwa, koma anaipatsa dzina pambuyo pake, nalipatsa dzina polemekeza M. Begon.

Masiku ano begonia ndiyodziwika pakati pa anthu aku Russia. Ena amalimera m'minda, pomwe ena amakhala pamazenera. Onse amadziwa kubzala molondola komanso nthawi yokaika. Werengani za momwe mungasamalire ndikufalitsa munda wa begonia pano, ndipo muphunzira zamasamba pano.

Kodi kumuika kumafunika liti?

Nthawi ndi nthawi amaikidwa ndi mlendo kuchokera kumadera otentha.

• Ndibwino kuti muchite izi mutangogula, popeza gawo lomwe limakula limakhala ndi feteleza wochulukirapo komanso wolimbikitsa maluwa. Otsatsa maluwa sangawagwiritse ntchito akagula, chifukwa chake chomeracho chosafalikira chidzafa posachedwa.
• Kuika kofunikira kumafunika mizu ikangowonekera, ikutuluka m'mabowo amphika.

Kodi nthawi yabwino yochitira izi ndi iti?

Ngati mukufuna mutha kubzala begonia ndi mphukira nthawi iliyonse pachaka... Olima maluwa alimi odziwa zambiri amayesa kuchita izi m'miyezi ya masika. Pakadali pano, mphamvu zake zonse zayambitsidwa, chifukwa chake kusintha m'malo atsopano kudzachitika mwachangu ndipo posachedwa aphulika. Kubzala pafupipafupi:

• wachinyamata - pachaka;
• akale- zaka ziwiri zilizonse.

Kukonzekera kumuika kumayambira pasadakhale. Masiku angapo asanafike "X" begonia imathiriridwa bwino ndipo chisakanizo chatsopano cha dothi chimakonzedwa. Kutsatira njira izi kumathandizira kukhazikitsa kosavuta komanso kosavuta.

Zinthu zofunikira komanso nthawi

Pozindikira kuti mizu ya chomeracho yawonekera kuchokera kumabowo osungira mumphika, nthawi yomweyo amasokonezeka ndikubzala.

1. Musanadzale duwa, chinthu choyamba ndikusankha mphika, womwe uyenera kukhala wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wakale.

   Zofunika! Posankha chidebe chatsopano, kumbukirani kuti mizu ikukula mwachangu. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndibwino kulekanitsa ndikufalitsa chomeracho m'njira iliyonse yomwe mungapeze.

2. Mukasankha mphikawo, sakanizani zonse zophatikizira. Kuti muchite izi, tengani magawo ofanana:
   • nkhuni;
   • nthaka wamba;
   • mchenga;
   • peat;
   • humus.

   Sakanizani zonse bwinobwino.

   Alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzekera la FASCO:

   • "Duwa" chopatsa thanzi;
   • "Malo obzala mbewu zomwe mumakonda."
3. Pofuna kupewa kuchepa kwa madzi mumphika, mabowo amakoka ndipo pansi pake pamayikidwa ngalande pansi:
   • miyala;
   • zidutswa za njerwa;
   • zidutswa zadothi;
   • dothi lokulitsa.

   Malizitsani mapangidwe osanjikiza ngalandezo pakuphwanya ndi kuyala makala.

Malangizo mwatsatanetsatane

Kukula bwino ndikukula kumangobwera mwa ma begonias omwe amaikidwa mwadongosolo. Nthawi yabwino yobzala ndi kasupe, chiyambi cha nyengo yokula.

1. Chomeracho chimathiriridwa bwino tsiku lisanabzala.
2. Amachotsedwa mchidebecho, ndikung'ung'uza pang'onopang'ono gawo lotsala. Potulutsa, amachita mosamala, ndikudina pamphikawo ndikupendeketsa mbali imodzi.
3. Mizu imayikidwa mu yankho la potaziyamu manganese, mtundu wake womwe suyenera kukhala wakuda kuposa pinki wowala.
4. Mizu ikatsukidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi okhazikika, kuchotsa nthaka yonse.
5. Pambuyo kutsukidwa, mizu imawunikidwa ndipo zomwe zimawonetsa kuwola zimachotsedwa. Pambuyo pake, amathandizidwanso ndi potaziyamu permanganate yofooka ndipo malo odulidwa amathiridwa m'makala amakala kapena mpweya wothandizira.
6. Mizu ikauma, begonia imabzalidwa mumphika wokulirapo, ndikukhazikika pakatikati ndikudzaza ma voids onse ndi dothi lokonzekera lomwe silinapitirire 15-20 mm m'mphepete mwake. Sungani bwino nthaka
7. Mphika wokhala ndi chomera chothiriridwa umasunthidwira kuzenera.
8. Nthawi zambiri imathiriridwa, koma choyamba onetsetsani kuti dothi lapamwamba ndi louma. Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika osati kale kuposa milungu 2-3. Muphunzira zamomwe mungadyetse begonias maluwa ambiri apa, ndi momwe mungathiritsire chomeracho m'nkhaniyi.

Malangizo! Olima maluwa ovuta samakhala ndi vuto lililonse ndikubwezeretsa achinyamata begonias. Akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito amalimbana ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri: kuyika chithunzi cha munthu wamkulu ndi masamba ambiri osalimba. Amagawika m'magawo ngati zaka zoposa zaka zitatu.

Onerani kanema wofalitsa begonia.

Chithunzi

Mutha kudzidziwitsa nokha momwe mungadzalidwe bwino pakhomo pachithunzipa pansipa:

Kusamalira mutagula

Pambuyo pobzala, mphika wa begonias umayikidwa pazenera lowala bwino ndi kunyezimira kwa dzuwa. Sangakonde kuwala kwa dzuwa. Imakula bwino ndipo imakondwera ndi kuchuluka kwa ovary, ngati kuwalako kwafalikira. Mavuto owunikira awululidwa patatha milungu ingapo. Ngati sichikwanira, duwa lidzatambasula, ndipo masamba akayamba kuuma, amakhala ochulukirapo. Werengani zomwe muyenera kuchita masamba akakhala achikasu ndi owuma munkhaniyi, ndipo chifukwa chiyani masamba ndi maluwa zouma m'mphepete, pezani apa.

Begonia idzalanda mwachangu ngati musamalira chinyezi mlengalenga. Magaziniyi ndiyowopsa pamene kuziika kumachitika m'nyengo yozizira. Zipangizo zotenthetsera mpweya zimaumitsa mpweya mchipindacho, chifukwa chake sizimakhala bwino ndipo zimafota.

Pofuna kupewa vutoli ndi mpweya, mphika umayikidwa pafupi ndi aquarium kapena mphasa wokhala ndi dongo lokulitsa ndipo moss imayikidwa pafupi. Iwo omwe amakhala muzipinda momwe kutentha kumakhala kopitilira + 18-22 degrees Celsius sangachite popanda kulimbana ndi mpweya wouma.

Chenjezo! Begonia amaikidwa mumphika wadothi / ceramic wokhala ndi mphasa, osati chidebe cha pulasitiki. Chifukwa chake ndikuwonongeka kwa mizu. Sump iyenera kukhala yayikulu kotero kuti madzi onse "owonjezera" amathiramo, koma amadyetsa mizu.

Pewani Kuuluka kwa Begonia m'miyezi yachisanu... Nthawi iyi kwa iye ndi nthawi yopuma, pomwe simuyenera kumusokoneza, nthawi zambiri kuthirira ndi manyowa. Ndikofunikira chifukwa panthawiyi masamba ayikidwa, kuchokera pomwe masamba amawonekera, kenako maluwa. Mutha kupeza maupangiri othandiza pa chisamaliro cha begonia chisanu pano.

Maluwa a begonia samaikidwa. Izi zimathandizira kugwa kwamaluwa ndikuuma masamba. Ngati simungathe kuchita popanda kusamutsa, njira yabwino kwambiri ndikusinthira, i.e. samazungunula mtanda woumbika mozungulira mizu yake, ndipo pakati pa mizuyo samafunafuna zowola. Mwanjira imeneyi mutha kupewa kupsinjika. Kuchita mosamala, samasokoneza maluwa.

Mapeto

Woyambira aliyense azindikira chisamaliro cha begonia (muphunzira zambiri za chisamaliro cha begonia kunyumba pano). Khama lake lonse lidzapindula ndi chiwongoladzanja maluwa oyamba owala akawoneka. Kuphatikiza apo, ateteza nyumba ndi mamembala kunyumba zamdima komanso malingaliro oyipa. Imatenga mphamvu zonse zoyipa, ndikuyeretsa malowa. Kumene amakongoletsa pazenera, padzakhala chikondi ndi chisangalalo chochuluka!