Chisamaliro chazomera zapakhomo - mapulo-leaved begonia
Begonia ndi chomera chapadera, chifukwa ndimakongola onse ndi inflorescence komanso opanda iwo. Zonsezi ndichifukwa chamitundu yayikulu komanso mawonekedwe amitundu yayitali. Iwo ali okongola mwa iwo okha. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa maponia-leaved begonia (chifukwa chowoneka bwino, amatchedwanso Cleopatra kapena Bauer begonia).
Munkhaniyi, tikudziwitsani zovuta zakusamalira mitundu iyi, komanso tikambirana za matenda omwe amatha kutsata maluwa.
Kulongosola kwa botanical ndi mbiri yakomwe idachokera
Ndi chomera chomera, chomwe nthawi zambiri sichipitilira masentimita 50 kutalika. Masamba amakhala pa phesi lopyapyala, lolunjika bwino ndipo wokhala ndi chovala chamiyala yolumikizidwa ndi chala, chofika masentimita 12 m'litali ndikutuluka molunjika pamsana.
Tchulani! Kukongola kumeneku kunabwera kuchokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana: America, Asia ndi Africa. Kumeneko amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso kumapiri okwera mpaka 3000 mita.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Dzinali likuwonetsa kuti masamba a begonia awa amafanana ndi mapulo. Amakhala obiriwira mbali yakumtunda, ndipo pansi amakhala burgundy. Chochititsa chidwi cha Cleopatra ndi kuthekera kwa masamba kuti atenge zobiriwira zobiriwira mosiyanasiyana. Ma inflorescence ndi oyera kapena otumbululuka pinki, koma poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba, samachita zokongoletsa zapadera.
Mbali ina ikhoza kutchedwa tsitsi loyera ndi imvi lomwe limaphimba kwathunthu gawo lonse la chomeracho, chifukwa chake limasiyana ndi unyinji wa anzawo.
Malangizo pakubzala "mapulo anyumba"
Monga nthumwi zina za banja Begoniev, Cleopatra imafuna kumuika (mwachitsanzo, kukonzanso) zaka 3-4 zilizonse... Chifukwa chake chitsamba chimasungabe mawonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe ake okongoletsera.
Mukamasankha mphika woumba, perekani zokonda zazitali, koma zosaya. Ndizoyenera bwino, chifukwa ma rhizomes a Begonia ali pafupi kwambiri momwe angathere. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yadothi, chifukwa zinthu zotere zimalola mizu kukula pamwamba pamakoma a mphika wamaluwa.
Musaiwale za kusanjikiza kwa ngalande, gawo lake pamtundu wonse wodzaza beseni liyenera kukhala osachepera 30%. Mutha kugula nthaka yomwe yakonzedwa kale, makamaka peaty. Kapena mutha kuphika nokha kunyumba. Kuti muchite izi, tengani dothi lamasamba, nthaka yamchere ndi mchenga (makamaka mtsinje) mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 3: 1.
MFUNDO! Onetsetsani acidity ya dziko lapansi, iyenera kukhala yofooka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mtengo ukhoza kukwera kuposa 5.0-6.0.
Mukatha kumuika, lolani kuti duwa lisinthe pang'ono., m'malo awa ayike m'malo amdima kwa masiku angapo. Pambuyo panthawiyi, sungani mphikawo pamalo okhazikika. Uku kuyenera kukhala mbali yakumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa chipindacho, kumpoto chimaloledwanso, koma pokhapokha ngati kuunikira kwina kungaperekedwe.
Chotsani mbali yakumwera ngati njira yodzala, popeza cheza cha dzuwa chimakhala cholimba komanso chowononga "mapulo anyumba".
Njira ina yosankhira malo ndi kusowa kwa ma drafti. Amavulaza duwa ndikupangitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. M'nyengo yozizira, chotsani mphika wamaluwa ndi chomeracho pazenera, pomwe pali zida zotenthetsera, zomwe ndizouma kwambiri.
Chisamaliro cha Cleopatra
Kutentha
Kukongola uku sikulekerera kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha.... Amayankha kupsinjika koteroko ndikukula pang'ono komanso kuchepa kwa maluwa. M'chilimwe, perekani momwe kutentha kudzasungidwe mkati mwa 18-22 degrees Celsius. Ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, bala limatha kutsitsidwa pang'ono - pafupifupi madigiri 16-18 pamwamba pa zero. Chofunika kwambiri, sungani mizu yotentha.
Kuthirira
Choyamba, penyani zomwe mumathirira mbewu. Madzi apampopi siabwino, chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoyipa zomwe zili mmenemo, zomwe zimawononga maluwa. Ngati ndi kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito madzi osefedwa, kapena bwinonso, madzi amvula. Zachidziwikire, ngati kulibe komwe mungatenge madzi, kupatula kuchokera pakatikati pa madzi, ndiye kuti ayimire pafupifupi tsiku limodzi.
Osanyalanyaza kutentha kwa madzi okwanira - ayenera kukhala kutentha. Wamaluwa amalimbikitsa acidifying madzi.
Tsopano tiyeni tipite kumalo othirira. M'chilimwe, izi zimayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi komanso zochuluka (pafupifupi kawiri pa sabata), ndipo nthawi yozizira, pafupipafupi amachepetsa mpaka pamwezi 3-4. Koma chachikulu chizindikiritso chokometsera nthaka chiyenera kukhala kuyanika kwa masentimita awiri pamwamba pake... Iyi ndiye mfundo yanu yayikulu.
CHOFUNIKA! Koma musapitirire ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuyambira pomwepo mizu imayamba kuvunda. Kutsirira kumalangizidwa kuchokera pamwamba. Koma ngati kuli kovuta kwa inu kuti muchite izi kudzera pogona, patapita kanthawi, mizu ikadzaza (pafupifupi tsiku), tsanulirani madzi owonjezerawo.
Kuyatsa
Malo opangira maluwa ayenera kukhala owala bwino. Koma ngati izi sizingakwaniritsidwe mwachilengedwe (izi zimachitika nthawi yozizira chifukwa chakuchepa kwa masana), gwiritsani ntchito kuyatsa koyambirira. Sizofunikira kwenikweni.
Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti Begonia ili ndi kuwala kokwanira. Pewani kuwala kwa dzuwa chifukwa kumatentha masamba. M'chilimwe, kuyambira masana mpaka maola 15, yesetsani kupanga mthunzi kapena mthunzi pang'ono wa chomeracho.
Chinyezi chamlengalenga
Begonia amakonda mpweya wabwino... Ichi ndi chifukwa cha chiyambi chake - nthawi zonse kumakhala chinyezi m'nkhalango zotentha. Kuti izi zitheke kunyumba, utsi wa mpweya wa mbewuyo, kukhala osamala kuti usafike mbali zina za chomeracho. Kapena gwiritsani ntchito njira ya agogo akale - ikani chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi mphikawo.
Mutha nthawi ndi nthawi (kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri) kusinthanitsa mphasa ndi dongo lokulitsa. Zimathandizira kusunga malo achilengedwe a Cleopatra.
Zovala zapamwamba
Pakufika masika mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, begonias amakhala ndi nyengo yakukula. Pakadali pano, amafunikira zakudya zowonjezera. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wamafuta ovuta. Muyenera kuweta molingana ndi malangizo. Koma wamaluwa ambiri amalangiza kuti ndende yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa phukusili ikhale yofooka pang'ono. ngakhale izo zidzakwanira maluwa. Feteleza ayenera kuthiridwa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Kudulira
Masamba olemera a "mapulo akunyumba" samangokopa kuyang'anitsitsa, komanso amakopa fumbi kuchokera mlengalenga kupita kumtunda kwawo. choncho mwadongosolo pukutani mapepala azitsulo ndi nsalu youmakuti musatseke zibowo zomwe chomeracho chimapuma.
Sinthasintha nthawi ndi nthawi mozungulira kuti mupange mtengo wabwino, ngakhale tchire. Komanso, musanyalanyaze njira yodulira, yomwe imayenera kuchitika masika onse, kusiya masentimita 5-7.
Njira zoberekera
Maponia-leveda begonia atha kufalikira m'njira zitatu:
- Zodula.
- Masamba.
- Mbewu
Mwa njira yoyamba, dulani nthambi za maluwa pafupifupi 6 cm kutalika ndi kuziyika m'madzi mpaka mizu yoyamba iwoneke. Pambuyo pake, khalani omasuka kumuika panthaka ndikuwona momwe "mwana" wanu adzakusangalatsirani ndi kukula kwake mwachangu.
Kuti mubzale begonias ndi masamba, sankhani tsamba lalikulu komanso losasunthika ndikulitsina ndi tsinde. Ndi njira yoberekerayi, mphukira imatha kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika wamaluwa ndikudzala ndi umuna, ngati maluwa akulu, milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Njira yachitatu yosankhira ndi yovuta kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo, yotopetsa kwambiri. Kuti tichite izi, timafesa zomwe timabzala m'nthaka yomweyo ndi miphika wamba ndi Begonias, ndikulikankhira pang'ono. Ndiye musamwetse (izi ndizofunikira!), Koma perekani nthaka. Timaphimba bokosi ndi mbewu ndi kanema kapena chivindikiro cha pulasitiki ndikusunthira pamalo otentha. Zipatso zoyamba zikamera, timayamba kuumitsa mbandekutsegula kanema tsiku lililonse.
Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimayenera kuzolowera mpweya wouma. Kuswana kotereku kuyenera kuchitika kuyambira koyambirira kwa Marichi mpaka Juni. Palibe chifukwa chodzala mbewu mtsogolo.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti ndi chisamaliro choyenera, Begonia samadwala nthawi zambiri ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo. Koma chilichonse chitha kuchitika.
Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku Cleopatra ndi fungus.... Zomwe zimadziwika ndi mabala owola pamasamba. Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa matendawa, chotsani mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi maluwawo, ndikuchiza zotsalazo ndi yankho la fungicide. Kuyambira pano, kuti mupewe mavuto otere, onetsetsani kayendedwe ka kutentha m'chipindacho.
Masamba amataya kukhathamira kwawo ndikuyamba kutembenukira chikasu chifukwa cha mpweya wouma komanso madzi owonjezera. Mtundu wa Brown umatanthauza kusowa kwa michere.
Kukongola kwanu sikukusangalatsani ndi maluwa ake komanso kukula mwachangu chifukwa chosowa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous mu feteleza, kapena kuchuluka kokwanira.
Wothamanga akhoza kukhudzidwa ndi tizirombo monga thrips, akangaude ndi powdery mildew. Pofuna kuthana nawo, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala apadera omwe agulidwa.
CHOFUNIKA! Chinyezi chokwera kwambiri chitha kukhala chofunikira pakuwonekera pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya tizirombo. Siziyenera kupitirira chizindikiro cha 60%.
Kenako, mutha kuwonera kanema momwe mungachiritsire maponia-leaved begonia ngati akuwoneka oopsa:
Begonia ndi chomera chomwe chili ndi mitundu yambiri. Patsamba lathu lawebusayiti, takonza zolemba ndi malongosoledwe atsatanetsatane ndi malingaliro pobzala ndi kusamalira mitundu yamaluwa monga: Elatior, Fista, Sizolistnaya, Griffith, Diadem, Metallic, Mason, Hogweed, Bolivia.
Mapeto
Begonia moyenerera amatchedwa mfumukazi... Kupatula apo, si banja lililonse la zomera lomwe lingadzitamande ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, makulidwe, masamba. Ndi izi zonse, monga wolemekezeka weniweni, Begonia sakupangira chilichonse chapadera. Ndiwodzichepetsa komanso wosadzichepetsa. Nthawi zonse mumakhala okonzeka kutumikira ndi kukongola ndi kukongola.